Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.21.3 (deoxyribonuclease)
1,528 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Formation of a free radical from carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic benz[c]acridine derivatives in the presence of proteins was examined. When aqueous mixture of benz[c]acridine and protein was stirred for a long period, shielded from light, benz[c]acridines were converted into free radicals. Albumin had the greatest effect in accelerating the free radical formation, and the effect was smaller in globulin, histone, and deoxyribonuclease. The g-value of the free radicals thus obtained was 2.005. Intensity of the electron spin resonance (ESR) signals of the free radical from carcinogenic derivatives was higher than those of the free radical from noncarcinogenic derivatives. There was a corresponding correlation among the ESR signal intensity of the free radical formed from the mixed system of benz[c]acridine and protein, charge of the K-region or ring nitrogen of the compound, and carcinogenicity of benz[c]acridines.
...
PMID:Formation of free radicals from carcinogenic benz[c]acridines in the presence of proteins. 7 83

A simplified, concise scheme was developed for the identification of nonfermentative, gram-negative bacteria which have most frequently been reported in the literature as definite or possible agents of human disease. These organisms included apyocyanogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. stutzeri, P. maltophilia, P. putrefaciens, P. cepacia, P. alcaligenes, FLAVOBACTERIUM SPECIES, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Acinetobacter anitratum (Herellea vaginicola), A. Iwoffi (Mima polymorpha), Moraxella species, Alcaligenes odorans and Alcaligenes species. The tests used for identification included production of cytochrome oxidase, amylase, deoxyribonuclease, gelatinase, urease and Beta-galactosidase; motility; oxidation of one per cent glucose and ten per cent lactose; fluorescence; indole, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen gas production; denitrification of nitrites; growth at 42C; penicillin sensitivity and production of an aromatic odor and greenish discoloration on blood agar. Using this scheme, 85 per cent of 243 isolates (unknowns and reference strains) were identified to genus and species. Of the 15 per cent remaining, 11 per cent were identified as alkaline organisms and four per cent were unidentifiable.
...
PMID:Identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria in the clinical laboratory. 16 60

A considerable amount of Mn2+-stimulated DNAase (deoxyribonuclease) activity is released by Bacillus subtilis 168 during sporulation in a glucose-deficient medium; much smaller amounts are released during starvation for phosphate or nitrogen. Protein synthesis is required. Two forms of evidence are presented that production of the DNAase is associated with events late in stage II of sporulation. 19 Thymidine starvation, which inhibits the biochemical events associated with sporulation, also inhibits release of the DNAase. 2. Several asporogenous mutants blocked at stage II or earlier and unable to produce alkaline phosphatase (a stage-II event) do not produce the enzyme. Mutants blocked towards the end of stage II or later produce both enzymes. During sporulation of the wild-type strain, the DNAase appears about 1 h after alkaline phosphatase. The results suggest that production of the DNAase is controlled by a still-undiscovered stage-II genetic locus.
...
PMID:Extracellular manganese-stimulated deoxyribonuclease as a marker event in sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. 41 78

Treatment of growing cultures of Mycobacterium smegmatis with alkylating agents (methyl methanesulphonate, ethyl methanesulphonate, nitrogen mustard, or mitomycin C) or with ultraviolet light resulted in enhanced specific activities of a DNA polymerase and of an ATP-dependent deoxyribonuclease. Similar results had previously been obtained with hydroxyurea and with iron limitation. The three of these treatments which were tested (methyl methanesulphonate, mitomycin C and hydroxyurea) produced strand breaks or alkali-labile regions in the DNA of this organism. The increased enzyme activities could be prevented by simultaneous treatment with inhibitors of protein synthesis. In contrast, treatment of the cultures with intercalating agents (ethidium bromide, acridine orange, or proflavine), 5-fluorouracil, caffeine, or nalidixic acid, inhibited DNA synthesis without increasing the enzyme activities. These treatments did not produce strand breaks in the DNA of this organism. The results support the hypothesis that, in M. smegmatis, damage to DNA induces increased synthesis of enzymes associated with DNA repair.
...
PMID:Increased DNA polymerase and ATP-dependent deoxyribonuclease activities following DNA damages in mycobacterium smegmatis. 84 85

Mutagen-sensitive strains that identify 16 different Drosophila genes have been screened for alterations in DNA metabolic enzymes. A characteristic defect in an acid-active deoxyribonuclease was observed in strains carrying the six available mutant alleles of the mus308 gene. Since that enzyme is detected at normal levels in a mutant strain that is deficient in the previously identified enzymes DNase 1 and DNase 2, it represents a new Drosophila nuclease that is designated Nuclease 3. The mus308 mutants were originally distinguished from all other mutagen-sensitive mutants of Drosophila because they exhibit hypersensitivity to the DNA cross-linking agent nitrogen mustard without expressing a concurrent sensitivity to the monofunctional agent methyl methanesulfonate. Further observations of hypersensitivity to the mutagens trimethylpsoralen, diepoxybutane and cis-platinum now establish a more general sensitivity of these mutants to agents capable of generating DNA cross-links. In spite of the hypersensitivity of the mus308 mutants to DNA cross-linking agents, the initial incision step of DNA cross-link repair is normal in mus308 cells as assayed by the alkaline elution procedure. The Drosophila mus308 mutants show promise of providing a useful model for analogous defects in other organisms including man.
...
PMID:mus308 mutants of Drosophila exhibit hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents and are defective in a deoxyribonuclease. 239 84

It is hoped that amniotic epithelial cells can be useful in cell-mediated gene therapy. We report here an experimental cell transplantation model of amniotic cells in rats. There is an anatomical difference between human and rodent embryos. We established a method to isolate amniotic cells that are equivalent to human amniotic epithelial cells. An amniotic membrane distinct from the yolk sac was carefully collected and teased in saline containing deoxyribonuclease and hyaluronidase, followed by collagenase digestion. The cell yield was approximately 10(6) cells per pregnant female (10(5) cells per fetus), roughly in proportion to the age of fetus used, and 60% of the isolated cells were attached to the dish under culture conditions. Telomerase activity was higher in the cells isolated from fetuses in the middle stage (day 13.5 to 15.5) than in the late stage (day 17.5 to 21.5). Adherent cells exhibited two to three times more cell division, resulting in a ninefold increase in the number of cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that approximately half of the adherent cells were albumin positive and formed clusters. The senescent cells survived for 2 months without apparent morphological changes. The adherent cells were able to be stored in liquid nitrogen and had a viability of 70% when thawed. Gene transduction with adenovirus vector was highly effective for rat amniotic cells. Transplantation of lacZ transfected amniotic cells into syngeneic rat liver resulted in the integration of the transplanted cells in the liver structure and the cells survived for at least 30 days.
...
PMID:Cytological examination of rat amniotic epithelial cells and cell transplantation to the liver. 1154 66

Firshein, W. (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.). Effects of deoxyribonucleic acid products on respiration of virulent and avirulent pneumococci. J. Bacteriol. 82:181-186. 1961.-In the presence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) + deoxyribonuclease + mixtures of deoxynucleosides and deoxynucleotides (supplement-1) which had previously been shown to enhance DNA synthesis in virulent (S) pneumococci without affecting such synthesis in avirulent (R) pneumococci, a significant enhancement of glucose oxidation was observed over control levels in S cells of types I, II, and III. In contrast, this supplement either depressed oxygen uptake or had no effect when R or weakly virulent (I) pneumococci were present. In the absence of glucose, S cells were unable to oxidize supplement-1 extensively, whereas R cells exhibited definite activity in this respect. Supplement-1 enhanced glucose oxidation specifically and was not oxidized in the process. The selective advantage produced by the DNA products in S cells could not be explained on the basis of nitrogen content, since a substance containing twice as much of this element as that found in the entire supplement did not enhance oxygen uptake to the extent that was observed with supplement-1.
...
PMID:Effects of deoxyribonucleic acid products on respiration of virulent and avirulent pneumococci. 1369 72

Zolli, Zeno, Jr. (Michigan State University, East Lansing), and Charles L. San Clemente. Purification and characterization of staphylocoagulase. J. Bacteriol. 86:527-535. 1963.-Separation and extreme purification of coagulase from Staphylococcus aureus strain 70 was achieved by using three cycles of dialysis in ethanol-water mixtures under controlled conditions, followed by molecular sieving through a column of Sephadex G-200. By manipulation of five variables (pH, ionic strength, temperature, protein, and ethanol concentration), the final preparation showed an approximate 3700-fold increase in activity per mg of protein. The successfully isolated coagulase containing 15.0% nitrogen was characterized serologically and chemically. By use of agar diffusion techniques, one zone of precipitation was obtained with the highly purified material. Additional confirmation of purity was evidenced by the appearance of a single peak with cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis with a barbital buffer at pH 8.6. Progressive and eventual elimination of carbohydrate, deoxyribonuclease, lipase, and phosphatase was observed through the four stages of purification. Temperature studies showed that the stability of each fraction was inversely related to its purity.
...
PMID:PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOAGULASE. 1406 32

The effect of shear alone on the aggregation of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) has been found to be insignificant. This study focused on the synergetic effect of shear and gas-liquid interface on these two model proteins. Two shearing systems, the concentric-cylinder shear device (CCSD) and the rotor/stator homogenizer, were used to generate high shear (> 10(6)) in aqueous solutions in the presence of air. High shear in the presence of an air-liquid interface had no major effect on rhDNase but caused rhGH to form noncovalent aggregates. rhGH aggregation was induced by the air-liquid interface and was found to increase with increasing protein concentration and the air-liquid interfacial area. The aggregation was irreversible and exhibited a first-order kinetics with respect to the protein concentration and air-liquid interfacial area. Shear and shear rate enhanced the interaction because of its continuous generation of new air-liquid interfaces. In the presence of a surfactant, aggregation could be delayed or prevented depending upon the type and the concentration of the surfactant. The effect of air-liquid interface on proteins at low shear was examined using a nitrogen bubbling method. We found that foaming is very detrimental to rhGH even though the shear involved is low. The use of anti-foaming materials could prevent rhGH aggregation during bubbling. The superior stability exhibited by rhDNase may be linked to the higher surface tension and lower foaming tendency of its aqueous solution. (c) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 503-512, 1997.
...
PMID:Protein denaturation by combined effect of shear and air-liquid interface. 1863 6

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that occupies a wide variety of environmental niches. Extracellular DNA is ubiquitous in various environments and is a rich source of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate. Here we show that P. aeruginosa is capable of using DNA as a nutrient source. Under phosphate-limiting conditions, or when DNA is supplied as a source of phosphate, expression of PA3909 is induced. PA3909 encodes an extracellular deoxyribonuclease (DNase), which is required for degradation of DNA and utilization of DNA as a source of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate. Stabilization of PA3909 by the addition of excess Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) was required for DNase activity in culture supernatants. Extracellular DNase activity was seen in multiple P. aeruginosa strains and isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. The primary Xcp type II secretion system but not the Hxc type II secretion system is required for DNase activity and the ability to use DNA as a source of nutrients. This study identifies an extracellular DNase produced by P. aeruginosa that enables degradation of extracellular DNA into an accessible source of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate. DNase production by P. aeruginosa also has important implications for virulence and biofilm formation.
...
PMID:Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces an extracellular deoxyribonuclease that is required for utilization of DNA as a nutrient source. 2037 Aug 19


1 2 Next >>

---