Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.21.1 (DNase)
7,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Detailed studies were made of the ability of HIRT supernatant (HS) from bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) infected cultures to sensitize plates for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ultracentrifuged pellet of HS had less sensitizing activity than the supernatant, but the antigen was removed completely by 0.22 micron filters and to some extent by 0.45 micron filters; it was minimally affected by sonication; it was destroyed by the action of Pronase but not by DNAase I when a kallikrein inactivator was added and the mixture incubated; incubation with DNAase II had no effect. Thus the presence of DNA was not required for the sensitizing activity of HS and the antigens recognized by antibodies in HS in ELISA were directed to its protein component. Strong reactions were given in immunoblotting of HS from BHV1 infected tissue cultures with anti-BHV1 glycoprotein monoclonal IgG, but HS from uninfected tissue cultures did not react with the same monoclonal IgG.
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PMID:ELISA for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) antibody with HIRT supernatant. 303 16

Carbohydrate content of non-histone proteins from pig liver chromatin has been measured in different groups of chromatin fractions and does not seem to be related to the affinity of the proteins for DNA. Glycoproteins are preferentially located in the nuclease-sensitive fractions of chromatin. A 59,000 dalton glycoprotein has been identified as a characteristic components of a chromatin fraction solubilized by DNAase II.
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PMID:Glycoprotein distribution in non-histone chromatin proteins from pig liver. 318 44

We have digested trypanosome DNA with a combination of pancreatic DNase I, nuclease P1 and bovine alkaline phosphatase and fractionated the resulting nucleosides on a Supelcosil LC-18-S column by high pressure liquid chromatography. We find less than 0.1% unusual nucleosides, both in Trypanosoma brucei and in a Trypanosoma equiperdum stock, in contrast to a previous report of an unusual nucleoside replacing dC at 1.3% of total nucleosides in T. equiperdum. Our results agree with previous suggestions that the modification of inactive telomeric expression sites for variant-specific surface glycoprotein genes in T. brucei only affects a very small fraction of the total DNA.
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PMID:Nucleoside analysis of DNA from Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma equiperdum. 318 18

The glucocorticoid induction of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) RNA in rat hepatoma cells is diminished by inhibiting protein synthesis. We now show that the AGP 5'-flanking region contains a DNA sequence (position -121 to -107), exhibiting a high degree of homology to the glucocorticoid regulatory element (GRE) consensus sequence ACAXXXTGTTCT, which serves to specifically bind purified rat glucocorticoid receptor in vitro. A 15 base pair oligonucleotide representing the AGP GRE confers glucocorticoid responsiveness on a heterologous promoter; such regulation is not diminished by concurrent inhibition of protein synthesis. However, inclusion of the AGP sequences immediately downstream of the AGP GRE (position -106 to -42) renders the hormonal induction sensitive to inhibition of protein synthesis. Furthermore, inclusion of these downstream sequences results in a more pronounced induction mediated by the AGP GRE. In vitro DNase-1 treatment using nuclear extracts prepared from HTC hepatoma cells generate footprints that indicate the presence of DNA-protein interactions spanning the region from -110 to -68 of the AGP gene. We propose that one or more labile factors acting within this domain, immediately downstream of the GRE, is required for efficient transcription at the AGP promoter.
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PMID:Sequences downstream of the glucocorticoid regulatory element mediate cycloheximide inhibition of steroid induced expression from the rat alpha 1-acid glycoprotein promoter: evidence for a labile transcription factor. 321 68

Concanavalin A, a specific glycoprotein probe, was optimally labelled to a maximum stoichiometry of 0.4 mol of chlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (CTAF)/mol of concanavalin A monomer under mild reaction conditions (pH 8.0, 6 h), and under these conditions the CTAF concanavalin A preparation retains its carbohydrate-binding ability and is able to penetrate SDS/7.5-15%-polyacrylamide gradient gels. CTAF-concanavalin A gives fluorescent bands for the glycoproteins transferrin, fetuin and deoxyribonuclease and shows no fluorescent response for the non-glycoproteins bovine serum albumin and soya-bean trypsin inhibitor. The detection limit of sensitivity for CTAF-concanavalin A, which is similar to that of fluorescein isothiocyanate-concanavalin A, is in the range 5-25 micrograms of glycoprotein. CTAF-concanavalin A is a suitable probe for the detection of glycoproteins in higher-percentage (greater than or equal to 10%) SDS/polyacrylamide gels, and will probably have other applications in, for example, fluorescent energy transfer and other structure-function studies.
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PMID:The synthesis of fluorescent chlorotriazinylaminofluorescein-concanavalin A and its use as a glycoprotein stain on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gels. 363 34

Bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), an endonuclease that degrades double-stranded DNA in a nonspecific but sequence-dependent manner, has been used as a biochemical tool in various reactions, in particular as a probe for the structure of chromatin and for the helical periodicity of DNA on the nucleosome and in solution. Limited digestion by DNase I, termed DNase I 'footprinting', is routinely used to detect protected regions in DNA-protein complexes. Recently, we have solved the three-dimensional structure of this glycoprotein (relative molecular mass 30,400) by X-ray structure analysis at 2.5 A resolution and have subsequently refined it crystallographically at 2.0 A. Based on the refined structure and the binding of Ca2+-thymidine 3',5'-diphosphate (Ca-pTp) at the active site, we propose a mechanism of action and present a model for the interaction of DNase I with double-stranded DNA that involves the binding of an exposed loop region in the minor groove of B-DNA and electrostatic interactions of phosphates from both strands with arginine and lysine residues on either side of this loop. We explain DNase I cleavage patterns in terms of this model and discuss the consequences of the extended DNase I-DNA contact region for the interpretation of DNase I footprinting results.
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PMID:Structure of DNase I at 2.0 A resolution suggests a mechanism for binding to and cutting DNA. 371 45

Many biochemical parameters have been used as tumor markers but few are satisfactory to reflect tumor diathesis and/or for early detection. Studies in the Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, have indicated that serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and sialic acid were increased in lung cancers, but 20% of pulmonary tuberculosis patients were also positive. Serum polyamines determined by RIA were increased in cancer patients. The positive rates for cancer of lung and esophagus were 84% and 100%, respectively. Polyamine contents considerably increased in esophagus tissue of rats treated with methylbenzylnitrosamine, and this occurred far earlier than the tumor appeared. However, whether serum polyamine can be used for early detection of esophageal cancer awaits further studies. An unknown fluorescent compound in urine was found in normal people but was very much decreased in cancer patients. This compound showed cytostatic effect on tumor cells in vitro. Serum antibodies against EBV-associated DNase could be used as a marker for NPC.
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PMID:Biochemical markers of tumor diathesis and early cancer. 373 Nov 89

Porcine pancreatic DNase has been purified to homogeneity. The polypeptide exhibits a single band of Mr = 34,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme is a glycoprotein containing glucosamine. The results of end group analyses show leucine at the NH2 terminus and alanine at the COOH terminus. The enzymatic properties of the purified porcine DNase are very similar to those of bovine and ovine DNases. The sequence data on the tryptic and chymotryptic peptides derived from CNBr fragments of porcine DNase, along with the results of automated Edman degradation of the intact polypeptide and of the two largest CNBr fragments, indicate the complete amino acid sequence of porcine DNase to be as follows:L-R- I-A-F-N-I-R-T-F-G-E-T-K-M-S-N-A-T-S-N-Y-I-V-R-I-L-S-R-Y-D-I-A-L-I-Q- E-V-R-D-S-H-L-T-A-V-G-K-L-L-N-E-L-N-Q-D-D-P-N-N-Y-H-H-V-V-S-E-P-L-G-R- S-T-Y-K-E-R-Y-L-F-V-F-R-P-N-Q-V-S-V-L-D-S-Y-L-Y-D-D-G-C-E-P-C-G-N-D-T- F-N-R-E-P-S-V-V-K-F-S-S-P-F-T-Q-V-K-E-F-A-I-V-P-L-H-A-A-P-S-D-A-A-A-E- I-N-S-L-Y-D-V-Y-L-N-V-R-Q-K-W-D-L-Q-D-I-M-L-M-G-D-F-N-A-G-C-S-Y-V-T- T-S-H-W-S-S-I-R-L-R-E-S-P-P-F-Q-W-L-I-P-D-T-A-D-T-T-V-S-S-H-T-C-A-Y- D-R-I-V-V-A-G-P-L-L-Q-R-A-V-V-P-D-S-A-A-P-F-D-F-Q-A-A-F-G-L-S-Q-E-T- A-L-A-I-S-D-H-Y-P-V-E-V-T-L-K-R-A. The polypeptide consists of 262 amino acid residues. One of the two disulfide loops links Cys-101 and Cys-104 and the other Cys-173 and Cys-209. Two carbohydrate side chains are attached at Asn-18 and Asn-106.
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PMID:Purification, characterization, and the complete amino acid sequence of porcine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease. 378 4

A factor, termed neutrophil alkaline phosphatase-inducing factor (NAP-IF), that has the capacity to increase the NAP activity of granulocytes was characterized by using two samples: cystic fluid (CF) and conditioned medium of a tumor cell line (T3M5). The molecular weight of NAP-IF was shown to be between 13,000 and 45,000, and its isoelectric point was between 5.5 and 6.2. It was sensitive to heat and proteolytic enzymes, but was resistant to DNase and RNase, suggesting that NAP-IF is an acidic protein or glycoprotein. These characteristics of NAP-IF seem to be similar to those of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) that is also present in the CF. NAP-IF rich fractions obtained by isoelectric focusing from CF were also found to be rich in a subclass of GM-CSF: granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF). Furthermore, a high correlation was noted between the activities of G-CSF and NAP-IF (gamma = 0.798, P less than 0.005). These results suggest that the two activities, i.e., G-CSF and NAP-IF, may be attributable to an identical macromolecule.
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PMID:Characterization of neutrophil alkaline phosphatase-inducing factor (NAP-IF). 387 40

Immunoglobulin-binding factors are known to regulate the synthesis of B-cell-derived immunoglobulin heavy-chain isotypes. Cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of complementary DNA encoding rodent IgE-binding factors (IgE-BF) revealed that messenger RNA encodes a glycoprotein of 557 amino acids which is expressed as a precursor of relative molecular mass (Mr) 60,000 (60K) in COS7 monkey cells. We report here that the 3' two-thirds of the IgE-BF coding sequence shows a surprising homology (72%) at the DNA level with coding sequences of the gag and pol (DNA endonuclease) genes of the Syrian hamster intracisternal A particle (IAP H18), an endogenous retrovirus. This marked homology demonstrates that the rodent gene encoding IgE-BF is a hybrid gene which evolved very recently by integrating genes of viral origin, and that the encoded polypeptide comprises three separate domains: an IgE-BF domain and retrovirus-derived gag and DNA endonuclease-like domains. This may represent the first report of a cellular gene containing a virus-derived coding sequence.
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PMID:Retroviral gag and DNA endonuclease coding sequences in IgE-binding factor gene. 387 75


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