Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intensive care patients receiving prolonged total parenteral nutrition (TPN) developed alterations of liver function tests, seen in the activity of certain serum enzymes. Hepatomegaly and jaundice sometimes appeared. The changes in chemical pathology were in serum transaminases activity (GOT, GPT, GDH); alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase as indices of cholestasis; lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase, as enzymes related to energy metabolism; pseudocholinesterase, as a protein metabolism-related enzyme. The possible causes of these alterations in critically ill patients undergoing TPN are considered and a functional final metabolic interpretation is proposed.
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PMID:Metabolic changes during prolonged total parenteral nutrition in intensive care. 3 24

A rapid method for purifying Torpedo electric organ vesicles is described, which employs an isoosmotic continuous sucrose-glycine gradient followed by chromagography on CPG-10-3000 porous glass beads. The synaptic vesicles have a buoyant density of 1.057 g/ml. The purified vesicles are free of cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase and Na+, K+-stimulated ATPase activity. They contain a ouabaininsensitive, Na+, K+-inhibited, Mg2+, Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity. This is further stimulated by acetylcholine but not by choline.
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PMID:Adenosine triphosphatase activity associated with purified cholinergic synaptic vesicles of Torpedo marmorata. 14 98

The purification of the pregnancy zone protein by means of immunoadsorbents is described. The pregnancy zone protein antibody was isolated from an absorbed rabbit antiserum and coupled with CNBr-activated sepharose. The pregnancy zone protein was isolated from pregnancy serum by the specific antibody cross-linked with sepharose. Contaminating serum proteins were eliminated by "inverse" immunoadsorption using antibodies against these proteins coupled with sepharose. An immunoelectrophoretically pure pregnancy zone protein was obtained. By means of a combination of immunoprecipitation and enzyme reaction in agar gel could be excluded that the pregnancy zone protein possesses activities of the following 11 enzymes: ceruloplasmin, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylic esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and oxytocinase.
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PMID:[Isolation of "pregnancy-zone" proteins using immuno absorbents and study of possible enzyme activities]. 17 12

Enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxalacetate and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, cholinesterase, alkaline, acid and prostatic phosphatase and aldolase has been studied in a total of 213 subjects, of whom 97 were of good health, 63 had bone tumors and 53 suffered from osteomyelitis. The activities of the majority of the enzymes were found to become significantly changed in comparison with the norm. In both patient groups, the more striking differences being noted in that of osteomyelitis. However, enzymatic activity alone does not allow to differentiate the group of bone tumors from that of osteomyelitis, the differences between these two groups not being of significance in any one of the enzymes followed.
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PMID:Serum enzyme activity in bone tumors and osteomyelitis (LDH, GOT, GPT, CPK, CHE, ALP, AP, PP, ALD). 19 May 48

For the evaluation of certain differences in the diminution of export proteins of the liver we examined some exactly defined groups of liver diseases with the aim of further differentiation of the pathogenetic mechanisms. We measured the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, the Quick value, the coagulation factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX and X. Clotting factors were determined by a Schnitger-Gross Coagulometer. Prothrombin, antithrombin III, plasminogen, factor VIII associated antigen and activated factor XIII were measured by immunoelectrophoresis according to Laurell. Lipoprotein electrophoresis in agarose gel was performed to evaluate changes in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Except of the rising diminution of export proteins in the course of liver disease from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis we found also specific changes of the patterns of the plasma specific enzymes. These proteins were diminished dependent on their half life time and the inflammatory activity--measured as the height of the transaminases. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase and factor VIII did not participate in the general diminution of the most export proteins; some details were found to explain this differing behaviour. Results are critically discussed with regard to new aspects in the biochemistry of the damaged liver cell.
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PMID:[Correlations between the diminished secretion of export proteins from the liver and the plasmatic activity of liver cell enzymes (author's transl)]. 42 91

The methodology of a large prospective study on the influence of repeated anaesthetics on liver function is reported and the problems involved are discussed. The most suitable patients were those presenting for endoscopic examination of the bladder and urethra, for urethral dilatation and for cervical implantation of radium. Blood samples were taken immediately before induction of anaesthesia and on days 3-4 and 13-15 after operation, when a clinical assessment of the patient was also carried out. The concentrations of six enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, serum cholinesterase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase) werechosen specifically as indices of liver function. The eosinophil count was measured to reflect any hypersensitivity reaction. The non-Gaussian distribution of these necessitated using appropriate non-parametric tests together with parametric tests on logarithmic transformed data. In addition a quantal method was used to measure the frequency of patients showing an "abnormal" increase in enzyme concentrations.
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PMID:Methodology of a prospective study of changes in liver enzyme concentrations following repeat anaesthetics. 52 78

Type I white fibres constitute the pale band of the pigeon serratus metapatagialis (SMP) muscle. The histochemical activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) was studied in these unique muscle fibres. The muscle fibres possess low SDH but reciprocally high LDH activity. These tonic glycolytic fibres displayed high AChE activity at the myoneural junctions, but the latter lacked BuChE activity. Both AChE and BuChE activities were, however, present at the neuromuscular junctions of the twitch muscle fibres of the SMP muscle. Since BuChE is a precursor in AChE synthesis, the slow-tonic muscle fibres probably depend solely on the AChE transported axonally.
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PMID:Glycolytic type I white muscle fibres lack butyrylcholinesterase activity at acetylcholinergic end plates. 55 6

In experimental investigations on Eimeria stiedai infected rabbits, serum enzymatic studies have been carried out in correlation with the examination of parasitological and pathological parameters. The rabbits were orally infected with a single dose of either 100,000 or 250,000 sporulated oocysts. Increase of the activity of the sorbit dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH) could be found first between 3 and 10 days after infection indicating the beginning of the acute phase of liver coccidiosis. The increase of the conjugated bilirubin and of the gamma-glutamyl-transferase (gamma-GT) could be found not earlier than 10 days after infection and is to be explained as sign of disturbed efficiency of excretion. The various investigated parameters reached their peak of alteration about the end of the prepatent period and at the beginning of patency between 14 and 21 days after infection. The results emphasize the value and usefulness of serum enzymes, particularly the glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH) and the gamma-glutamyl-transferase (gamma-GT) with about 30fold activity, as indicators in the course of Eimeria stiedai infection of rabbits. The enzymes returned to physiological values at the end of the experiment, 42 days after infection. Significant differences could not be detected within the infected groups. The activities of the alkaline phosphatase (AP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), choline esterase (ChE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and isoenzym 1 (alpha-HBDH) showed only slight alterations and proved to be no significant parameters for the pathophysiological evaluation of the liver coccidiosis.
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PMID:[Alteration of enzyme activities in serum of Eimeria stiedai infected rabbits (author's transl)]. 73 5

Twenty calves were infected with 1000 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica, the activities of 10 enzymes in plasma or serum were assayed and concentrations in serum of proteins, urea and bilirubin were determined. These values were compared with control data obtained from 14 uninfected calves. Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, ornithine carbamoyl transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities increased in infected calves. Total serum protein increased, albumin decreased, globulin increased and the albumin/globulin ratio was decreased in infected calves. Plasma alanine aminotransferase, leucine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase activities and serum concentration of urea and bilirubin were unaffected. It was concluded that glutamate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were the most sensitive indicators of liver cell damage in fascioliasis.
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PMID:Biochemical indicators of liver injury in calves with experimental fascioliasis. 83 11

The method for the determination of enzymic activity in turbid, lipaemic sera, which involves clearing by polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride, was critically reviewed. In the diagnosis of diseases of the liver and pancreas, which are frequently associated with hyperlipoproteinaemia, only residual enzyme activities are measured in the cleared serum after polyanion treatment. In the measurement of glutamate dehydrogenase and in the Phadebas test for alpha-amylase, the enzymes are inactivated by treatment with heparin and magnesium chloride. On the other hand, as a result of polyanion precipitation gamma-glutamyl transferase is transferred, together with lipoproteins and chylomicrons, to the lipid-rich supernatant. Acid phosphatase also exhibits only residual activity in cleared serum. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase, cholinesterase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the activity of alpha-amylase in the Merckotest are not affected by polyanion treatment of the serum.
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PMID:[Enzyme diagnosis in lipaemic sera before and after polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride (author's transl)]. 92 35


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