Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purification of the pregnancy zone protein by means of immunoadsorbents is described. The pregnancy zone protein antibody was isolated from an absorbed rabbit antiserum and coupled with CNBr-activated sepharose. The pregnancy zone protein was isolated from pregnancy serum by the specific antibody cross-linked with sepharose. Contaminating serum proteins were eliminated by "inverse" immunoadsorption using antibodies against these proteins coupled with sepharose. An immunoelectrophoretically pure pregnancy zone protein was obtained. By means of a combination of immunoprecipitation and enzyme reaction in agar gel could be excluded that the pregnancy zone protein possesses activities of the following 11 enzymes: ceruloplasmin, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylic esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and oxytocinase.
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PMID:[Isolation of "pregnancy-zone" proteins using immuno absorbents and study of possible enzyme activities]. 17 12

The topography of the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, monoaminoxidase and esterase was studied in the arc of the aorta of the monkey, dog, cat, rabbit, rat. It was established that terminal portions of baroreceptors were accumulators of the activity of enzymes of the succinoxidase system connected with the mitochondria of a nervous component of sensory endings and the activity of cholinesterase localized in the zone of terminal branches of the baroreceptors fibres in the underlying specialized tissue. The activity of monoaminoxidase was found in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells of the baroreceptor fibres. No specific esterase was revealed in the baroceptors of the aorta arc of the animals in question. The enzymic organization of the cat's aorta baroreceptors is different from that of the other animals.
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PMID:[Enzymochemical organization of aortic baroreceptors]. 17 5

Surveys dealing with enzyme polymorphisms have recently been conducted in the Sahara. Results from two populations are reported here: 227 inhabitants of Ideles village (Ahaggar, Algeria); 285 nomads of a genetic isolate, the Kel Kummer Twareg tribe (Menaka, Mali). The four classical molecular variants of G6PD:A+, A-, B+, B-, are found in Ideles. The frequency of the G6PD A+ Negroid variant reaches 15% in Ideles and 7.7% among the Kel Kummer. However, gene frequencies will have to be recalculated after a study of the genetic transmission through families. The PGDC gene of 6PGD is especially frequent in the Kel Kummer where 10 'Canning' phenotypes have been observed. The PGM distribution of alleles at locus 1 in Ideles is the same as in the Mediterranean populations. The pa gene of acid phosphatase, relatively frequent in Ideles, has been excluded by drift from the Kel Kummer gene pool. AK and LDH enzymes have also been studied in both samples. The abnormal Ea1 mutation of serum pseudocholinesterase exists in Ideles and in the Kel Kummer as in other populations of the Sahara; the C5 esterase component was revealed by electrophoresis in 5% of the Kel Kummer people.
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PMID:Enzyme polymorphisms of Ideles populations (Ahaggar, Algeria) and the Iwellemeden Kel Kummer Twaregs (Menaka, Mali). 19 54

The distributions of acid and alkaline phosphatases, 5-nucleotidase, ATPase, non-specific esterase, specific cholinesterase, succinic dehydrogenase and beta-galactosidase are described in the mesencephalic auditory, tegmental and cranial nerve nuclei of the frog (Rana tigrina). The main results of the study are as follows: The laminar, principal, and magnocellular nuclei of the torus semicircularis, which are associated with auditory functions, show intense activity of specific cholinesterase. On the other hand, the commissural and subependymal mid-line nuclei, whose functions are doubtful, show a complete lack of this enzyme. The nucleus isthmi shows intense acid phosphatase, ATPase, non-specific esterase, specific cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase activities. Non-specific esterase is virtually absent from all the areas studied except the nucleus isthmi and the 3rd and 4th cranial nerve nuclei. Most of the commissures and fibre tracts show intense activity for beta-galactosidase and 5-nucleotidase. The possible roles of these enzymes in glycolipid and myelin metabolism are discussed.
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PMID:Histoenzymological analysis of mesencephalic auditory, tegmental and cranial nerve nuclei in the frog (Rana tigrina). 21 17

We have previously shown that non-proliferating human T- but not B-lymphocytes contain demonstrable amounts of acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE). The usefulness of this histochemical marker for the diagnosis and classification of malignant lymphoid tumors was investigated by use of a panel of established normal and malignant human haematopoietic cell lines and fresh biopsy cells from malignant lymphomas and myelomas. The results showed that not only the T-cell derived acute leukaemia lines, but also histiocytic lymphoma and myeloma lines and some of the lymphoma (Burkitt and lymphocytic) and non-neoplastic lymphoblastoid cell lines with B-cell surface markers expressed strong ANAE reactivity. Some but not all of the immunoglobulin producing myeloma and lymphocytic lymphoma biopsies were ANAE-positive. Inhibition experiments with sodium fluoride and E-600 demonstrated that although the T-lymphocyte specific esterase is predominantly of 'A'-type, the malignant lines contain also non-specific 'B' esterase and pseudocholinesterase. As the presence of the various esterases did not demonstrate any specific distribution pattern among he haematopoietic cell lines of different origin, we concluded that the ANAE marker is no longer T-specific when malignant lymphoid cells are considered, and that the usefulness of this marker in routine diagnostic work therefore is limited.
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PMID:Presence of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity in human haematopoietic cell lines and in fresh biopsy specimens of lymphoma and myeloma. 30 88

1. Disc electrophoresis was used to determine the esterase isoenzymes present in adults of the strigeoid trematode Alaria marcianae (La Rue, 1917). 2. Eight esterase bands were found with alpha-naphthyl acetate as the substrate and Fast Blue RR as the dye. 3. From results obtained with inhibitors, four different types of esterases were tentatively identified; cholinesterase (one band), ali-esterase or B-type (one band), arylesterase or A-type (2 bands) and acetylesterase or C-type (4 bands).
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PMID:Electrophoretic separation of esterases of Alaria marcianae (La Rue, 1917) (Trematoda). 31 43

The effect was followed up of 2-PAM and Toxogonin (T), reactivators of choline esterase, at a single muscular application on the activity of acetylcholine esterase (ES 3.1.1.7) (ACE) of whole blood (WB) and the myoneural synapses (MS) of an interrib muscle. It was found that a species-specific effect was produced by T and 2-PAM on ACE of WB and MS in lambs and sheep. Optimal doses of 50 and 80 mg/kg led to a slight drop in the activity of ACE at the 2nd hour following injection, after which it rose gradually up to values that were higher than the initial ones for more than ten days. 100 and 200 mg/kg led to a more sensitive and long-term drop in the activity of ACE (up to 48h--72nd hour), after which it likewise rose above the initial value, and came back to normal on the 13th day. With lambs the reaction was analogous, though weaker. In rats and rabbits there was no change in the activity of ACE of WB and MS following the use of oximes. The optimal nontoxic and inductoenzyme rates of the two oximes for lambs and sheep proved to be about 50 mg/kg. It was established that both for rats and for sheep and lambs T was almost twice as toxic as 2-PAM. Intoxication with T was characterized by severe hemorrhagic and necrotic nephroso-nephritis, acute toxic dystrophy of the liver, and ulcerous, necrotic enteritis. 2-PAM was found to potentiate the toxic effect of T.
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PMID:[Toxicity of oximes and their effect on acetylcholinesterase activity in the blood and myoneural synapses of animals]. 36 May 96

A study was undertaken to determine whether the antiesterase activity of echothiophate iodide would prevent the conversion of dipivefrin to epinephrine. Dipivefrin was administered singly and in combination with echothiophate to 24 adult rabbits. Administration of dipivefrin lowered the intraocular pressure (IOP) 8 +/- 1 mm Hg (P less than .001). When echothiophate was given before and concomitant with dipivefrin, there was no further decrease in IOP compared with that produced by echothiophate alone (5 +/- 1 mm Hg). Addition of epinephrine to eyes receiving dipivefrin plus echothiophate resulted in a significant additional decrease in IOP of 4 +/- 1 mm Hg (P less than .001). When echothiophate was given after dipivefrin had lowered the IOP and both drugs were continued, the IOP rose to baseline levels. These results fit the theory that the esterase converting dipivefrin to epinephrine is inactivated by cholinesterase inhibitors. The clinical use of cholinesterase inhibitors and dipivefrin may be contraindicated.
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PMID:Dipivefrin and echothiophate: contraindications to combined use. 48 20

The application of the histochemical thiolacetic acid method on plasmodia of the acellular slime mold Physarum confertum leads to the formation of lead sulfide deposits at the outer cytoplasmic surface and its invaginations. The reaction cannot be reduced by esterase- and cholin/acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Successive application of lead and sulfide in the absence of substrate results in a lead sulfide deposit at the same sites indicating that the underlying reaction is based on an artificial adsorption of ions at the surface of the plasmodium. This finding means that the thiolacetic acid method is not suited for the demonstration of a surface-associated esterase/cholinesterase activity in slime molds. Based on the ion adsorption property of the surface of plasmodia a simple method is developed for the "in toto" demonstration of the plasmamembrane-invagination-system in aceullar slime molds.
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PMID:[On the problem of histochemical demonstration of esterase activity by the thiolacetic acid method in the acellular slime mold Physarum confertum (author's translation)]. 55 62

Acetate esters, such as phenyl acetate and aspirin, induced atropine-sensitive contractions of isolated uterus only when choline was present. These contractions were selectively and reversibly inhibited by carbamate-type cholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine and eserine, and quaternary ammonium compounds, such as tetraethylammonium and decamethonium. After treatment with organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitors, such as di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and tetraethyl pyrophosphate, the uterus failed to respond to the acetate esters, even when high concentrations of choline were present. The inhibition of the response of the uterus by organophosphates was effectively removed by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide. Pretreatment of the uterus with neostigmine or simultaneous addition of high concentrations of quaternary ammonium compounds prevented the inhibition by organophosphates. The inhibition produced by neostigmine was also reduced by simultaneous addition of quaternary ammonium compounds. These findings suggest that some esterase having an anionic site and an esteratic site, probably cholinesterase, may mediate in the uterine contractions induced by acetate esters in the presence of choline, and that inhibition by organophosphates, carbamates and quaternary ammonium compounds of cholinesterase activity in the preparation may impede the initiation of contractions by the acetate esters in the presence of choline.
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PMID:Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on the spasmogenic action of acetate esters on rat uterus. 61 34


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