Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stress as well as anesthesia has been reported to stimulate endorphin release. The possibility that the stress of compression at 1 atm/min or nitrogen anesthesia, or both, might release endorphins was tested in guinea pigs with the use of naloxone--a narcotic antagonist, and physostigmine--a cholinesterase inhibitor. The animals received i.p. equal volumes of either drugs or the placebo just before compression to 32 ATA (oxygen less than or equal to 1 ATA). The pressure at loss of righting reflex was compared. Nitrogen anesthesia occurred at mean pressures ranging from 26.9 to 27.8 ATA, with no statistical differences demonstrated in all groups. It is concluded that 1) neither naloxone nor physostigmine reversed nitrogen narcosis and 2) stress of compression or nitrogen narcosis, or both, failed to show effects attributable to increased endorphin release.
...
PMID:Failure of naloxone or physostigmine to reverse nitrogen anesthesia in guinea pigs. 729 86

Uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis are often catabolic and malnourished. To treat malnutrition effectively, a preliminary nutritional assessment is needed. Available techniques should enable the clinician to readily detect the presence of malnutrition and to follow the response to nutritional therapy. In a group of chronic uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, the authors evaluated the nutritional status with the following indices: 1) assessment of the somatic fat and protein compartments by means of anthropometric measurements (weight/height ratio, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, and arm muscle circumference); 2) assessment of the visceral protein compartment (serum total protein, albumin, transferrin, pseudocholinesterase, C3, and immunoglobulin content); 3) assessment of cell-mediated immunity by means of skin tests ("skin window," PPD and phytohemagglutinin) and blood lymphocyte content; and 4) assessment of the dietary intake of nutrients with dietary diaries. Anthropometric indices, serum protein content (except immunoglobulins), and the immune response was generally lower than in normal subjects, suggesting a mixed marasmus-like and kwashiorkor-like pattern of protein-calorie malnutrition. The protein intake was normal, whereas the energy intake tended to be low. Protein intake was significantly correlated with the predialysis serum urea nitrogen. Due to the difficulties in improving oral energy intake and the negative nitrogen balance reported during the days of dialysis therapy, patients were given intravenous supplements of essential or essential and nonessential amino acids for 2 months. The effects of this short-term supplementation were limited.
...
PMID:Simple methods for nutritional assessment in hemodialyzed patients. 739 80

We studied the effects on 25 analytes of duration of contact of serum with non-anticoagulated blood and of temperature. Serum was separated after blood was allowed to stand, for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, or 48 h at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C. Results obtained for bilirubin, albumin, zinc sulfate turbidity, thymol turbidity, cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), leucine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1), amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), total cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoprotein, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) were not influenced by storage at 4, 24, or 30 degrees C for as long as 48 h. Negligible differences were seen for potassium in sera in contact with cells as long as 24 h at 23 degrees C and for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 4 degrees C. However, at 4 degrees C we noted an increase at 8 h, a slight decrease at 30 degrees C. Statistically significant changes were seen for total protein and calcium after 48 h at 30 degrees C; for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C and as soon as 6 h at 30 degrees C; for lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) after 8 h at 30 degrees C and between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C; for glucose at 24, 4, or 2 h of storage at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C, respectively; for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 23 degrees C or 8 h at 30 degrees C; for potassium after 4 h at 4 degrees C or 24 h at 30 degrees C; and for sodium after 48 h at 4 degrees C or 6 h at 23 or 30 degrees C.
...
PMID:Serum-constituents analyses: effect of duration and temperature of storage of clotted blood. 744 20

Age-related changes of 27 items in serum chemistry were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes from 6 to 30 weeks of age. The following 12 items were shown as an increase in those values during growth and maturity, i.e., total protein, albumin (female only), glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid (female only), beta-lipoprotein, cholinesterase (female only), asparate aminotransferase (female only), creatinine, direct-bilirubin and total-bilirubin. However, the following 4 items decreased with aging, i.e., asparate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase and inorganic phosphorus. No age-related changes were found in the values for calcium, sodium and chloride in both sexes and for alanine aminotransferase, cholinesterase and albumin in males. The sex differences were shown in the following 12 items: higher values in males were alkaline phosphatase, creatinephosphokinase, glucose and inorganic phosphorus, and higher values in females were cholinesterase, albumin, phospholipid, non-esterified fatty acid, urea nitrogen, direct-bilirubin, total-bilirubin and serum iron. No sex-related differences were found in the values for calcium, sodium, chloride and total cholesterol.
...
PMID:[Age-related changes and sex differences on the serum chemistry values in Sprague-Dawley rats--I. 6-30 weeks of age]. 749 31

A retrospective study of 53 patients with haematological disorders whose bacterial cultures were positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was performed to analyse the risk factors for MRSA infection, and the prognostic factors. Sixteen patients showed colonization by MRSA but never developed infection(C), 16 showed colonization and subsequent infection(C-I), while 21 had MRSA infection at the time of first culture (I). Poor performance status, thrombocytopenia, increased serum urea nitrogen and decreased serum cholinesterase were more prominent in (I) than (C) + (C-I). The risk factors associated with the development of infection from colonization were age and serum cholinesterase. In addition, lower respiratory tract infection as a type of infection, non-remission status of the haematological malignancy and an inappropriate antibiotic therapy were associated with a poor prognosis for MRSA infection.
...
PMID:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: colonization and development of infection in patients with haematological disorders. 758 46

A series of 5-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinones was designed and synthesized as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The compounds are related to hyperzine A, a naturally occurring cholinesterase inhibitor. They inhibit acetylcholinesterase in vitro, and many are active in vivo in reversing a scopolamine-induced impairment of 24 h memory in a passive avoidance paradigm. Although these compounds were designed as partial structures of huperzine A, it is unlikely that they bind to the enzyme in a similar fashion, since they lack the unsaturated three-carbon bridge of huperzine A and both the quinolinone nitrogen and the amino group must be substituted in order to obtain good enzyme affinity.
...
PMID:Synthesis and evaluation of 5-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinones as potential agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. 765 52

The effects of strenuous physical exercise on the serial changes in the haematological, biochemical and hormonal markers were investigated. A group of 14 soldiers, aged 24-36 years, took part in a military training course for about 13 weeks. After severe exercise stress, an increase (90%) in the number of peripheral blood leucocytes was observed. The degree of leucocytosis showed a close correlation with the values of some serum parameters, such as concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST; r = 0.747), lactate dehydrogenase (LD; r = 0.748), blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.756), creatine kinase (CK; r = 0.637), manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; r = 0.508), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; r = 0.542) and uric acid (r = 0.538), and concentrations of urinary parameters, such as vanilmandelic acid (r = 0.429) and free cortisol (r = 0.437). The subjects showing prominent leucocytosis over 9500 cells.microliters-1 exhibited a lower concentration of serum cholinesterase than those who showed milder leucocytosis. The serum Mn-SOD concentration was closely correlated with the serial changes in serum concentrations of AST, ALT, LD and CK, indicating exercise-induced muscle and liver damage. The change in peripheral leucocyte number was assumed to be diagnostically informative and may be a prognostic marker, reflecting organ damage and restoration after strenuous physical exercise.
...
PMID:Leucocytosis as a marker of organ damage induced by chronic strenuous physical exercise. 878 93

The present study demonstrates that under conditions of iso or hyperosmolarity, P. aeruginosa utilized carnitine as the carbon, nitrogen or carbon and nitrogen sources. As occurred in the case of choline, the bacteria synthesized cholinesterase (ChE), acid phosphatase (Ac.Pase) and phospholipase C (PLC) under any of these conditions and in the presence of high or low Pi concentrations. Carnitine acted as an osmoprotectant when the cells were grown in the presence of preferred carbon and nitrogen sources and high NaCl concentrations. Under these conditions the three enzyme activities were not produced. The osmotically stressed bacteria grown under any of the above conditions accumulated betaine. Its presence indicated that carnitine may be metabolized by P. aeruginosa to produce betaine which could account for the induction of the three enzyme activities or its action as an osmoprotectant. The phosphatidylcholine encountered in the host cell membranes allows the bacteria to obtain free choline by the coordinated action of PLC and Ac.Pase. Since the consequence of this action may be cell disruption, the increase of free carnitine in the natural environment of the bacteria is also possible. These two compounds, choline and carnitine, acting in conjunction or separately, may increase the production of PLC and Ac.Pase activities by P. aeruginosa and thus enhance the degradative effect upon the host cells.
...
PMID:Carnitine resembles choline in the induction of cholinesterase, acid phosphatase, and phospholipase C and in its action as an osmoprotectant in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 776 84

A 10-yr-old boy with an injured lower extremity received sevoflurane anesthesia 5 times within 40 days. Laboratory tests for hepatic and renal function i.e., serum transaminase (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), serum cholinesterase, plasma protein, serum cholinesterase, serum bilirubine, serum lactic dehydrogenase, serum prothrombin time, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, beta 2-microglobulin, N-acetyl-D-glucosamidase and 24 hr-creatinine clearance remained within normal ranges throughout his perioperative period. Repeated sevoflurane anesthesia did not exert any adverse effect on hepatic and renal function in this patient.
...
PMID:[Effects of repeated sevoflurane anesthesia on hepatic and renal function in a pediatric patient]. 781 13

The synthesis of 2'-heptylcarbamoyloxy-2-methyl-6,7-benzomorphan is described. The compound is structurally related to the cholinesterase inhibitor heptylphysostigmine (MF 201) because the angular methyl group of the esoroline nucleus has been changed into a bridging carbon and the anilinic nitrogen has been replaced by a methylene group. This compound proved to be a potent cholinesterase in vitro inhibitor.
...
PMID:Synthesis of 2'-heptylcarbamoyloxy-2-methyl-6,7-benzomorphan: a new analogue of heptylphysostigmine (MF 201). 783 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---