Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty calves were infected with 1000 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica, the activities of 10 enzymes in plasma or serum were assayed and concentrations in serum of proteins, urea and bilirubin were determined. These values were compared with control data obtained from 14 uninfected calves. Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, ornithine carbamoyl transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities increased in infected calves. Total serum protein increased, albumin decreased, globulin increased and the albumin/globulin ratio was decreased in infected calves. Plasma alanine aminotransferase, leucine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase activities and serum concentration of urea and bilirubin were unaffected. It was concluded that glutamate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were the most sensitive indicators of liver cell damage in fascioliasis.
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PMID:Biochemical indicators of liver injury in calves with experimental fascioliasis. 83 11

Eccrine sweat collected from the human skin surface contains at least five different esterases. One of them is a cholinesterase. A non-specific carboxylesterase with the electrophoretic mobility of an alpha-globulin appears to be a serum protein. Besides this, there are two isoenzymes of human origin migrating with the same electrophoretic mobility as gamma-globulins. These two isoenzymes are immunologically identical with a non-specific carboxylesterase occurring in numerous organs and body fluids. Lipase activity could not be demonstrated.
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PMID:Immunological demonstration of multiple esterases in human eccrine sweat. 95 42

Previous studies have shown that iodoarachidonates (IAs) prevent goiter production in rats. In the present studies we show that both IL-d and IL-w (IAs bearing the iodine atom at the positions 6 and 14, respectively), cause a significant involution of preformed goiter. This effect was evident when IAs were administered either orally or via i.p., although the first one required larger doses to obtain the same degree of inhibition. No changes were observed in serum protein, urea, cholesterol, cholinesterase, T3 or T4. In vitro studies with FRTL-5 cells showed that both IAs inhibit iodide and alpha-AIB uptake, as well as ATPase activity.
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PMID:Further studies on the antigoitrogenic action of iodoarachidonates. 128 29

Total serum protein, serum albumin, total urine protein excretion, and the serum activity of several enzymes--aldolase (ALS), cholinesterase (CHS), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)--were estimated in rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 30 days after a single injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). It was found that: (a) total serum protein and serum albumin diminished on day 4 and returned to control values on days 20 and 30, respectively; (b) total urine protein excretion rose on day 4, reached a peak value on day 8, and then fell substantially but still remained higher than control values on day 30; (c) ALS and CHS activities increased; (d) LAP, ICD, and AST activities showed a biphasic pattern, first increasing and then decreasing; (e) ALT, LDH, HBD, CK, and ALP activities decreased; and (f) GGT activity remained unchanged. The differences in the profiles of the enzyme activities suggest their independent regulation in experimental NS induced by PAN.
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PMID:Activity of serum enzymes in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome. 146 3

To evaluate abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) in cases of liver diseases, the authors performed a loading test of growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and approximately one week later, a loading test of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and measured serum GH in 15 cases of liver cirrhosis (LC), 5 with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), and 5 controls. In the TRH test, 8 of 15 LC patients showed a peak GH value of 6 ng/ml or more and were classified as the TRH-responder group (LC-R). Seven other LC patients showing a peak GH value of less than 6 ng/ml were classified as the TRH-non-responder group (LC-NR). None of the CAH cases or controls showed a peak GH value of 6 ng/ml or more. In GRF test, the response of GH was poor in all 8 in the LC-R group. The responses in the LC-NR group were significantly greater than those in the LC-R group from 15 to 90 minutes after the GRF loading. In the LC-R group, greater impairment of liver function was indicated by total bilirubin, serum protein and cholinesterase values compared to the LC-NR group. Fischer's ratio was significantly lower in the LC-R group. In cases of liver diseases, Fischer's ratios negatively correlated with the peak GH values in the TRH test (r = -0.679, P less than 0.01). These results suggest that in LC cases showing a paradoxical GH response to TRH, the GH response to GRF which is a GH stimulatory hormone, is decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Abnormal GH secretion in liver cirrhosis: evaluation of using GRF test and TRH test. 162 79

The hepatosplenic form of Schistosoma mansoni infection contributes considerably to morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. The present study investigated serum protein concentrations and serum enzyme activities of 58 Sudanese patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. All of them had a history of infection with S. mansoni and one or several episodes of oesophageal bleeding due to portal hypertension. Diagnosis was based on clinical (n = 24), ultrasonographical (n = 18) and histological (n = 16) grounds. The control group consisted of 40 Sudanese healthy blood donors. Serum albumin was found to be significantly lower in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (median = 37 g/l) than in controls (median = 47 g/l). Serum enzyme analysis revealed only minimal alterations of cellular enzyme activities, but a marked decrease of cholinesterase activity. Serum albumin concentration correlated significantly with cholinesterase activity. We conclude that liver function in patients with schistosomiasis and portal hypertension is partially disturbed. Low serum albumin and low cholinesterase activity reflected an impaired protein synthesis of the liver. Destruction of parenchymal liver cells was mild or absent.
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PMID:Enzyme activities and protein concentrations in serum of patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. 170 59

Changes in the blood serum protein and mineral composition, trypsin inhibitor content, alanine amino-transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alpha-glutamyl transpeptidase, creatine kinase, choline esterase activities, blood plasma trace element levels were examined in 112 patients with pyoinflammatory involvement of the soft tissues of the face and neck. The study was revealed reduced blood serum albumin concentration, elevated trypsin inhibitor levels and alpha-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatine kinase activities, decreased content of Mg and Zn and, in some patients, of choline esterase activity. Biochemical parameters gradually normalize, as the patients recover, their normalization depending on the therapeutic methods and detoxication treatment.
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PMID:[The dynamic biochemical indices of the blood in patients with suppurative-inflammatory processes of the soft tissues of the face and neck]. 225 91

Biochemical analyses of sera from 27 patients with anorexia nervosa were performed and compared with those of normal female volunteers and other anorectic groups including patients who had undergone digestive tract surgery and patients with malignancies. There were significant increases in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, cholesterol, and amylase activity and significant decreases in total serum protein, blood sugar, albumin, globulins, and cholinesterase in anorexia nervosa patients compared with normal control subjects. At discharge, these values slightly improved. Similar alterations were also observed in two other anorectic groups. Compared with anorexia nervosa patients, the two other anorectic groups showed a severe reduction in the albumin level and increase in the globulin level. In two other anorectic groups cholesterol levels were lower, and in the malignancy group cholinesterase level was lower than in the anorexia nervosa patients. In anorexia nervosa patients, biochemical abnormalities in the serum were more frequent in total serum protein (93%), blood sugar (85%), and globulins (78%) than in other serum factors, such as blood urea nitrogen (15%), uric acid (15%), and alkaline phosphatase (7%). These results suggest that detection of biochemical abnormalities in the above-mentioned serum factors in routine analyses would be valuable in making an early diagnosis of anorexia nervosa from various anorectic disorders.
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PMID:Biochemical abnormalities of the serum in anorexia nervosa. 245 69

Children undergoing ABMT, a procedure which entails massive doses of chemotherapy along with total-body irradiation, are candidate to develop severe gastrointestinal toxicity and prolonged anorexia requiring administration of Parenteral Nutrition (PN) for variable periods. We report a series of 35 consecutive children affected by malignancies who underwent 37 courses of PN after ablative therapy followed by ABMT. Age ranged from 8 months to 17 years; 16 were females, 19 males. There were 23 cases of neuroblastoma, 5 of Wilms' tumor, 3 of acute myelogenous leukemia, 2 of Ewing's sarcoma, 1 case each of rhabdomyosarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. All patients developed severe neutropenia for 9-42 days (median 18 d). Fever occurred in all patients; sepsis was documented in 10. Duration of PN ranged from 10 to 64 days (23 +/- 9; mean +/- SD). PN solution, containing crystalline L-Aminoacids (8.5%) mixed with 33% glucose, minerals, trace elements and vitamins provided for children a caloric intake of 49.8 +/- 17.3 Kcal/Kg/day with a nitrogen intake of 0.26 +/- 0.27 g/Kg/day. Nutritional assessment, utilizing percent ideal body weight, serum protein electrophoresis, C3, pseudocholinesterase and fibrinogen, was performed at the beginning and at the completion of each course of PN. Mean percent ideal body weight was 95.8 before PN, 98.5 on last day of PN (p less than 0.0005). Other parameters did not change significantly. No metabolic complication nor severe electrolyte imbalance were observed except for 5 patients who developed hypokalemia in coincidence with administration of Amphotericin B.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Autologous bone marrow transplantation in children. Use of parenteral nutrition]. 311 38

Cholinesterase activity and concentrations of total protein, albumin and globulins were measured in the serum of 94 carefully selected prematures and newborns during the first week of life. Cholinesterase activity was significantly lower in prematures than in newborns. There was a weak correlation between serum concentration of albumin and cholinesterase activity. Total protein, albumin and gamma-globulins were significantly lower in premature babies. With the exception of alpha-1-globulin, all proteins correlated positively with gestational age. There was no difference in total serum protein concentration between small for gestational age infants and appropriate for gestational age infants. Postnatally, serum protein and cholinesterase activity rose by 27 44% within 7 to 10 weeks in prematures of 30-33 weeks of gestational age. A single infusion of 0.5 g/kg b.w. albumin transiently increased the protein concentration of prematures 1.5 fold; 7 to 10 weeks later, protein concentrations of treated and untreated prematures were no longer different. In conclusion, cholinesterase activity and protein concentrations correlated with gestational age. In prematures with disturbed microcirculation, albumin infusions resulted in a transient increase of protein concentration.
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PMID:[Cholinesterase activity and protein concentration in the serum of premature and newborn infants]. 358 66


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