Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
 12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the histological and ultrastructural changes in the liver and alterations in the liver test results before, during, and after treatment with human interferon-beta from five patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic active hepatitis. A daily dose of 3 x 10(6) to 6 x 10(6) units of interferon-beta was given intravenously for four weeks. The total index of periportal and portal inflammation, intralobular degeneration, and focal necrosis before treatment was decreased significantly six months after treatment (P less than 0.05). Ultrastructurally, the structure of endoplasmic reticulum was irregularly shaped or fragmentally decreased during treatment, but these disappeared six or 12 months after treatment. Glycogen particles diminished greatly during treatment. The alanine aminotransferase concentrations in these patients increased during treatment. Serum albumin and cholinesterase levels decreased significantly at the fourth week of treatment (P less than 0.01) and at the third day (P less than 0.01) to the second week (P less than 0.05) of treatment, respectively. These results suggest that interferon-beta injures endoplasmic reticulum and glycogen areas and damages the cholinesterase activity in the early stage of treatment and protein synthesis in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic active hepatitis.
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PMID:Changes in ultrastructure of hepatocytes and liver test results before, during, and after treatment with interferon-beta in patients with HB(e)Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis. 149 52

The hepatosplenic form of Schistosoma mansoni infection contributes considerably to morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. The present study investigated serum protein concentrations and serum enzyme activities of 58 Sudanese patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. All of them had a history of infection with S. mansoni and one or several episodes of oesophageal bleeding due to portal hypertension. Diagnosis was based on clinical (n = 24), ultrasonographical (n = 18) and histological (n = 16) grounds. The control group consisted of 40 Sudanese healthy blood donors. Serum albumin was found to be significantly lower in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (median = 37 g/l) than in controls (median = 47 g/l). Serum enzyme analysis revealed only minimal alterations of cellular enzyme activities, but a marked decrease of cholinesterase activity. Serum albumin concentration correlated significantly with cholinesterase activity. We conclude that liver function in patients with schistosomiasis and portal hypertension is partially disturbed. Low serum albumin and low cholinesterase activity reflected an impaired protein synthesis of the liver. Destruction of parenchymal liver cells was mild or absent.
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PMID:Enzyme activities and protein concentrations in serum of patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. 170 59

Serum albumin, cholinesterase, and cholesterol were measured in ten patients with aplastic anemia and eight with myelodysplastic syndrome who received the administration of recombinant human GM-CSF. Serum albumin, cholinesterase, and cholesterol were significantly lowered by the administration of GM-CSF and recovered after the cessation of GM-CSF. These data suggest that GM-CSF impairs the biosynthesis of liver cells and that cholesterol-lowering activity of GM-CSF, which is previously reported, is due to the impairment of liver biosynthesis by GM-CSF.
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PMID:GM-CSF-mediated impairment of liver to synthesize albumin, cholinesterase, and cholesterol. 199 59

Malotilate, a new hepatotrophic drug, improves serum transaminase levels and the markers of protein metabolism in the liver in chronic liver diseases. However, the effects of malotilate on alcoholic liver disease are not well known. In the present study, the effects of this drug on the recovery process of alcoholic liver disease after abstinence were analyzed. Many hepatic test values were significantly improved after abstinence from alcohol in both the malotilate-treated and nontreated control groups. However, the Normotest values improved significantly only in the malotilate group, and not in the control group. The improvement rates for choline esterase activity were significantly greater in the malotilate group than in the control group. Serum albumin levels significantly increased in the malotilate group but not in the control group. Changes in the serum markers of hepatic fibrogenesis were not different between the 2 groups. These results indicate that malotilate accelerates the recovery of impaired protein metabolism in alcoholic liver disease and that this drug may be useful for the treatment of alcoholic liver diseases.
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PMID:Effects of malotilate treatment on alcoholic liver disease. 254 9

Malotilate, a hepatotropic agent, was given to 39 cirrhotic patients for more than 32 weeks. The serial changes in the serum levels of hepatic fibrogenesis markers, such as procollagen type III N-terminal peptides (P-III-N-P) and immunoreactive prolyl hydroxylase beta-subunit (IR-BPH) were analyzed. Serum albumin levels, transaminase and choline esterase activities and the Normotest values were found to be significantly improved by malotilate treatment. The levels of both serum markers of hepatic fibrogenesis were also significantly reduced by malotilate. The prognoses of the decompensated liver cirrhosis patients treated with malotilate were significantly better than those who did not receive malotilate. These results indicate that the effects of malotilate on chronic liver diseases are not simply biocosmetic, but rather are related to an improvement in the basal changes of the liver, including a decrease in the fibrogenetic stimulus. These effects of malotilate improved the prognosis of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Effects of malotilate treatment on the serum markers of hepatic fibrogenesis in liver cirrhosis. 285 77

The influence of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on nutritional assessment of patients with recurrent cancer was studied. One hundred forty-six patients with recurrent gastric, colorectal and breast cancer who have been admitted to our hospital during the past five years were surveyed. Serum albumin and cholinesterase levels on admission in the gastric and breast cancer patients who died in the hospital were considerably lower than those of the patients who recovered sufficiently to be discharged from the hospital. The patients with recurrent gastric cancer who received TPN for more than a week were also analyzed. It was shown that those whose levels of serum total protein and albumin did not respond favorably to TPN were the patients with shortest survival. Therefore, by checking the response to the administration of TPN, it seems to be possible to predict the patient's prognosis.
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PMID:[Influence of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on nutritional incidences in patients with recurrent cancer]. 393 22

Serum cholinesterase activities were determined in 87 patients of both sexes with P. falciparum malaria in comparison to those of 80 blood donors. Patients with acute P. falciparum malaria had significantly lower serum cholinesterase activity than those of the control group. After treatment, their serum cholinesterase levels returned to the normal level. Serum albumin concentration also showed the same pattern and had a direct relationship to those of serum cholinesterase levels. These findings indicated that malarial parasites had some effect on the liver cells which resulted in impaired hepatic synthesis of serum cholinesterase and albumin concentrations. This result therefore add new information that there was a disturbance of enzyme cholinesterase among many liver enzymes that have been shown to be altered during an acute malarial attack.
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PMID:Serum cholinesterase activity in patients with malaria infection. 701 93

We describe two brothers with early onset cerebellar ataxia associated with hypoalbuminemia (EOCAH). Choreo-athetoid movements preceded the cerebellar ataxia, and serum pseudocholinesterase elevation preceded the hypoalbuminemia. The parents are first cousins. Patient 1, the 22-year-old elder brother, developed choreoathetoid movements of the neck and extremities at the age of eighteen months. He later developed slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia with decreased tendon reflexes. The choreoathetoid movements ceased at about 16 years of age. A recent examination revealed cerebellar ataxia, action myoclonus of the neck and upper limbs, diminished tendon reflexes, mild sensory disturbance in the lower extremities, and very slight amyotrophy of the feet. Patient 2, the 18-year-old younger brother, developed choreo-athetoid movements at the age of 6 years, followed by slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia with disminished tendon reflexes. No scoliosis, ECG abnormalities, or edema was detected. Serum biochemistry studies revealed elevated pseudocholinesterase (6,226 to 2,390 IU) in the patient's early teens. Serum albumin levels tended to be low (3.7 to 4.1 g/dl). Serum triglyceride and beta-lipoprotein levels were elevated in the patients' late teens. Genetic studies showed slight linkage of D9S15. The maximum lod score was 0.289 (recombination fraction rate was 0.14).
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PMID:[Familial early onset cerebellar ataxia with hypoalbuminemia]. 766 33

One hundred and forty children with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic BMT were reviewed in order to clarify the incidence, onset time, and risk factors for veno-occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver. Thirty-eight patients (27.1%) developed VOD diagnosed according to the Seattle clinical criteria. Seventeen patients developed VOD within 20 days of transplantation (early-onset) and in 21 patients developed after day 20 (late-onset) including eight patients with histological confirmation. Late-onset VOD occurred from day 21 to day 508 (median day 39). Moderate or severe VOD developed in 11 early-onset and 13 late-onset patients. Death occurred in eight early-onset and 10 late-onset patients. Serum albumin and cholinesterase levels prior to the start of pretransplant conditioning were significantly lower in early-onset VOD than in late-onset VOD. Multivariate analysis showed that low serum albumin levels (< or =3.7 g/dl) prior to the start of pretransplant conditioning was most strongly associated with the development of VOD. Donor mismatch (other than HLA-matched relatives), use of minocycline, and a long interval (> or =13 months) between diagnosis and BMT were also significantly associated with the development of VOD. In contrast, use of fosfomycin was associated with a decreased risk. Our data suggest that hepatic function reserve is important in the development and onset time of VOD. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver is a complication which may occur a long time after transplantation.
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PMID:Veno-occlusive disease of the liver after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in children with hematologic malignancies: incidence, onset time and risk factors. 989 23

The usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the evaluation of rectal varices (RV) was determined in 50 patients with portal hypertension (PH) and 25 PH-free controls. F(1) and F(2) varices and angiectasia were specific for the PH group as evaluated by endoscopy, but there was no difference between the PH and the control groups with respect to the frequency of blue vein. The detection rate of submucosal veins (SMV) with EUS was 88% for the PH group and 68% for the control group. The mean SMV diameter was significantly greater for the PH group than for the control group, and no 2-mm or larger SMV was detected in the control group. Serum albumin and cholinesterase levels were significantly higher for the RV(+) patients with SMV 2mm or more in diameter in the PH group than for the RV(-) patients. The spleen index was also significantly higher for the former group. The frequency of RV was significantly higher for advanced PH than for mild PH. RV(+) was detected in about 30% of endoscopically normal patients in the PH group. The results of this study indicate that EUS is useful in detecting RV and evaluating its pathological condition.
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PMID:Evaluation of rectal varices by endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with portal hypertension. 1849 61


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