Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
 12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nutritional status, assessed by anthropometric and biochemical methods, protein and amino-acid (AA) composition and muscle water were evaluated in 11 kidney transplanted children and in a control group of 10 children with normal renal function who were undergoing elective surgery. Samples of the rectus abdominis muscle were taken when surgery was performed in the control children and when the peritoneal catheter was removed in the transplanted children. The mean time from the transplantation to the study time was 97 +/- 14 days (range 72-114 days). Height was reduced in the transplanted children compared to the controls but skinfold thickness, arm muscle circumference and serum proteins (total protein, albumin, transferrin, pseudocholinesterase) were normal. The body mass index was over the 50 degree percentile in nine of the eleven children. The muscle contents of total, extracellular, and intracellular water, alkali-soluble protein (ASP), DNA and the ASP/DNA ratio were not significantly different in transplanted children from those in the controls. Plasma leucine and taurine levels were significantly decreased, whereas plasma citrulline and alanine levels and the glycine/serine ratio were increased. Muscle threonine, alanine+taurine, glycine and aspartic acid levels as well as the glycine/serine ratio were increased in the transplanted children. Transplanted children show an almost normal muscle AA profile and a plasma AA pattern that seems to be related to the prednisone therapy.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994
PMID:Muscle and plasma amino acids and nutritional status in kidney-transplanted children. 770 64

To determine whether serum cholinesterase activity can be a monitoring index of cyclophosphamide therapy in patients with steroid-resistant glomerulopathy, we compared the cholinesterase activity of 37 patients who received a combined therapy that included the use of cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, antiplatelet drugs, and anticoagulant drugs, with the cholinesterase activity of 25 patients who received prednisolone therapy that excluded cyclophosphamide from the combined therapy. In the prednisolone and the combined groups, cholinesterase activity declined as shown in the following formula: Y = 371-26.4 x log(X): (r2 = 0.28), Y = 444-147.7 x log(X): (r2 = 0.95), respectively. (Y: cholinesterase activity, X: the day after treatment). In the combined therapy group, the prevalence of adverse reactions following treatment in the subgroup below 200 U/l of cholinesterase activity was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than that in the subgroup above 200 U/l of cholinesterase activity. However, there was no significant difference (P < 0.25) in the prevalence of adverse reactions between the subgroups with more or less than 184 U/l of cholinesterase activity following treatment. These results suggest the importance of not going below 200 U/l of cholinesterase activity after treatment when the normal cholinesterase activity range is between 300 and 760 U/l (e.g. less than 65% of the lowest value of the normal range of other hospitals) in order to eliminate the hazards of cyclophosphamide to the patients with steroid-resistant glomerulopathy.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 1994
PMID:Inverse relationship between serum cholinesterase activity and the administration of cyclophosphamide: an index of cyclophosphamide therapy. 859 12

Donepezil is one of the cholinesterase inhibitors that are indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Pharmacokinetic analysis has shown that donepezil is primarily eliminated by renal excretion rather than biliary excretion in humans. Therefore, patients with impaired renal function are at high risk of toxicity caused by accumulation of this drug. It is also well known that dialysis patients have very often cholinergic disorders. On the other hand, with the increasing number of long-term chronic dialysis patients, the prevalence of cognitive disorders is increasing in elderly dialysis patients. Because of the above-mentioned special risks of these patients, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, are avoided to be prescribed for them. We studied 5 cases of chronic hemodialysis outpatients (3 men [70, 72, and 86 years old] and 2 women [65 and 71 years old]) who were diagnosed as having moderate AD. We administered donepezil at 2.5 mg/day orally to the patients. After 1 month's treatment, their behavioral symptoms were improved, without them having any adverse events. We enhanced the dose to 5 mg/day without the patients experiencing any episodes of drug toxicity. After 3 months of treatment with the higher dose, their cognitive and executive functions were slightly improved and their behavioral disorders were remarkably milder, without them experiencing any episodes of drug toxicity. The patients' condition remained stable for 6 months after the initial administration of the drug. All of them were followed for the 10 following years, showing a mild cognitive decline per year for the first 5 years and more severe decline for the remaining years of the follow-up. Our cases indicate that donepezil treatment under prudent use may be well tolerated and have a beneficial impact on chronic hemodialysis patients with AD.
Case Rep Nephrol Dial
PMID:Donepezil Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease in Chronic Dialysis Patients. 3161 73