Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase)
12,691 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this prospective study was to examine the usefulness of flow-dependent dynamic liver function tests and conventional methods of evaluating liver function as predictors of pretransplant survival in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation within the follow-up period of 365 days were excluded. One hundred one patients with histologically confirmed cirrhosis were studied. Fifty-eight patients had post-hepatitic cirrhosis, 13 had cryptogenic cirrhosis and 30 had biliary cirrhosis. During follow-up, 28 patients died of their liver diseases. At entry, we recorded indocyanine green half-life, monoethylglycinexylidide formation from lidocaine, bilirubin and albumin serum concentrations, activities of cholinesterase and alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin time, clinical complications of ascites and encephalopathy and the Pugh score. These variables were subjected as covariates to a stepwise survival analysis by use of the Cox proportional-hazards model. At the final step, Pugh score, monoethylglycinexylidide formation and indocyanine green half-life were found to be the only independent variables significantly related to 1-yr survival. The parallel combination of Pugh score and monoethylglycinexylidide test yielded the highest prognostic sensitivity (82%). The series approach combining either the Pugh score and indocyanine green test or the monoethylglycinexylidide and indocyanine green tests was associated with the highest specificity (96%/97%) and high predictive values of a positive result (81%/82%). These findings suggest that appropriate combinations of the studied flow-dependent dynamic liver function tests and the Pugh score could be useful in improving transplant candidate selection and the timing of transplantation.
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PMID:Predictors of one-year pretransplant survival in patients with cirrhosis. 195 50

Phenylalanine was evaluated for its ability to protect broiler chickens from the toxic effects of ochratoxin A (OA). A completely randomized 2-by-3 factorial design was utilized consisting of 0, .8, and 2.4% supplemental L-phenylalanine (Phe) and of 0 and 4 mg of OA per kg of diet. The basal diet contained 14% protein. Broilers were raised in battery brooders to 3 wk of age, when blood was collected and various hematological parameters were determined. The health status of the broilers was evaluated by assaying serum for various enzyme activities and metabolites using an automated, clinical chemistry analyzer. Adding OA to the broiler diets resulted in an increased concentration of serum hemoglobin as well as increased activity for cholinesterase and gamma glutamyl transferase but in decreased activity for aspartate amino transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline-phosphatase activity as well as decreased concentrations of total triglyceride and of inorganic phosphorus. Supplemental Phe decreased the concentrations of hemoglobin and serum glucose. The regression slopes for Phe at 4 mg of OA per kg of diet were significant for uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and cholesterol suggesting that supplemental Phe improved the health status of the broilers fed diets containing OA with respect to these parameters.
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PMID:Impact of L-phenylalanine supplementation on the performance of three-week-old broilers fed diets containing ochratoxin A. 2. Effects on hematology and clinical chemistry. 197 19

The binding of [3H]physostigmine to crystallized human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated using equilibrium dialysis. The percentage bound to 1% (w/v) HSA decreased from 18 to 4% as the total concentration of physostigmine increased from 3.3 nM to 2.7 microM (0.9 to 750 ng mL-1). A single class of specific binding sites with a large affinity constant, K = 8 x 10(7) L mol-1, was identified. The concentration of binding sites was approximately 3 nM. The Michaelis constants for human serum cholinesterase and albumin were the same; an explanation for these results is that the drug is binding to a trace cholinesterase, in the albumin.
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PMID:The binding of physostigmine to human serum albumin. 198 8

The objective of this prospective study was to assess the prognostic value of dynamic liver function tests and traditional methods of evaluating liver function in potential candidates for hepatic transplantation. Patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation within the follow-up period of 120 days were excluded. The study included 107 adult and 57 pediatric patients with cirrhosis. Postnecrotic cirrhosis was present in 107 and biliary cirrhosis in 57 of 164 patients. During the follow-up period, 26 of 164 patients died of their liver disease. At the time of inclusion, we recorded monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) formation from lidocaine, indocyanine green (ICG) half-life, bilirubin and albumin serum concentration, activity of cholinesterase and alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin time, the clinical complication of ascites, and--in adults--the Pugh score also. These variables were subjected as covariates to a survival analysis (Cox proportional hazards regression model) using separately the data from adults, pediatric patients, all patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis, and all patients with biliary cirrhosis. In all of these four subgroups there was a significant relationship between MEGX and ICG test results and the 120-day survival. In the stepwise analysis, none of the remaining parameters contributed to a further relevant improvement of our predictive ability when added to the values of ICG and MEGX. Our results suggest that the ICG and the MEGX test are superior to conventional liver function tests and the Pugh score in assessing short-term prognosis in cirrhotics independently from the etiology of the underlying liver disease. These findings may have important implications for determining the optimum timing of transplantation.
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PMID:Assessment of pretransplant prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. 201 33

We thought that nutritional parameters in laboratory data might be able to express quality of life (QOL). Therefore, in 70 patients with malignant chest diseases (NSCLC, 42 patients; SCLC, 15; lung metastasis, 7; others, 6), the correlation between nutritional parameters of total protein (Tp), serum albumin (Alb), and serum (cholinesterase (ChE] and Karnofsky Performance Status scale (KPS) was investigated. Then, in 24 patients with them (NSCLC, 12; SCLC, 6; lung metastasis, 4; others 2), Alb and ChE were compared to the EORTC Core Quality of Life Questionnaire and Lung Cancer-Specific Questionnaire Module (QS). Results were as follows: 1) KPS and nutritional parameters correlated (Tp. r = 0.55, p less than 0.001; Alb, r = 0.60, p less than 0.001, ChE, r = 0.60; p less than 0.001). 2) The cores for Functional Status (FS) and Disease and Treatment-related symptoms (Sym) in QS and parameters of Alb and ChE correlate (FS v.s. Alb, p less than 0.01; Sym v.s. Alb, p less than 0.01; FS v.s. ChE, p less than 0.05; and Sym v.s. ChE, p less than 0.05). Moreover, the scores of Psychological Distress in QS and Alb showed a correlation (p less than 0.05). It is considered that nutrition and part of QOL (KPS and FS + Sym in QS, that is to say, "objective" functional activity and "subjective" functional activity and symptoms) correlate, and that nutritional parameters are useful to evaluate QOL.
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PMID:[Quality of life (QOL) and nutrition]. 202 88

This study was performed to examine the optimum conditions for thawing frozen rat serum in a microwave oven (Toshiba, Type ER-1345 JF). The thawing temperature must be kept at 37 degrees C or less to maintain the blood biochemical values within the normal ranges because the values of alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, glucose and albumin were markedly altered at 40 degrees C or above. For thawing frozen serum, the best conditions were as follows: a sample volume of 0.5 ml was convenient to control the thawing temperature; locating the samples 10-12 cm out from the center of the turning table in the oven resulted in a thawing temperature of 10-20 degrees C; a microwave irradiation time of 1 min 45 sec thawed samples frozen at -20 degrees C. Using the sample plate that we made, 80 samples could be thawed at the same time under almost the same conditions. The blood biochemical values obtained from sera thawed in the microwave oven showed good correlation with those from sera in a water bath (37 degrees C) and had excellent reproducibility. These results suggest that thawing frozen rat serum by microwave irradiation is rapid and easy and without adverse effects on the blood biochemical values.
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PMID:[The use of microwave ovens to thaw frozen rat serum]. 204 63

C4b-binding protein (C4bp), a glycoprotein involved in regulating the classical pathway of the complement system, binds the activated form of C4b and accelerates the decay rate of the C4b, C2a complex. Recently, sequence analysis of the cDNA for proline-rich protein (PRP) demonstrated that PRP is identical with C4bp. We measured the concentration of C4bp in serum by single radial immunodiffusion in patients with various liver diseases. Concentration of C4bp was significantly lower in hepatic cirrhosis (P = 0.001) and higher in fatty liver (P = 0.0002) than the control values, after adjusting for age, sex, and concentration of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and C-reactive protein. Significant positive correlations were observed between the concentration of C4bp in serum and total protein, albumin, cholinesterase level, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Immunohistochemical analysis of human liver with specific antiserum to human C4bp demonstrated reaction endproducts in the hepatocytes around the central veins. These observations provide evidence that C4bp is synthesized by hepatocytes.
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PMID:Evidence that C4b-binding protein (proline-rich protein) is synthesized by hepatocytes. 204 87

Substance concentrations of plasma cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) were measured in 94 healthy individuals without occupational exposure to known inhibitors (six samples from each individual). Immunoreactive cholinesterase substance concentrations showed an inter-individual variation corresponding to CVtotal = 22% (mean: 5.01 mg/l, SD: 1.11 mg/l). Intra-individual variations of immunoreactive cholinesterase substance concentration were correlated (r = 0.36) to intra-individual variation of albumin. Estimated by a repeated-measures analysis of variance, the observed intra-individual variation of cholinesterase substance concentration corresponded to CV = 8.8% (SD: 0.44 mg/l), which together with a CVerror = 6% (within and between runs), implies a biological intra-individual variation of cholinesterase substance concentration corresponding to CVintra = 6.4%. Specific catalytic activity (kU/mg immunoreactive cholinesterase) was influenced by the ChE-1 phenotype (phenotype U: 1.58 kU/mg, phenotype UA: 1.22 kU/mg), but not by body weight, height, age, and sex. Observed intra-individual variation of specific catalytic activity corresponded to 6.4% (SD: 0.10 kU/mg), which together with an estimated CVerror = 6.2% implies the biological intra-individual variations of specific catalytic cholinesterase activity to be insignificant. The insignificant CVintra makes specific catalytic cholinesterase activity a rational quantity for evaluation of unexpected fluctuations of cholinesterase activity concentrations.
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PMID:Immunoreactive plasma cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) substance concentration, compared with cholinesterase activity concentration and albumin: inter- and intra-individual variations in a healthy population group. 207 98

We studied antipyrine clearance (APC1) in 19 healthy controls, 10 cirrhotic patients, 20 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for liver tumors (14 with cirrhosis and 6 without cirrhosis). The aim of the study was to evaluate if the test represents a measure of the residual hepatic function and a useful index of surgical risk in cirrhotic patients following partial hepatectomy. The APC1 was significantly reduced in cirrhotic patients ws healthy controls. It is reduced following partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic patients (p less than 0.001) and in non cirrhotic patients (n.s.). The APC1 was found to be related with the plasma level of albumin and pseudocholinesterase; it also was related with the Pugh's score for hepatic function. The APC1 is a satisfactory index of residual hepatic function. On the other hand it does not provide more useful information than the Pugh's score for surgical risk in liver resection.
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PMID:[Antipyrine clearance in liver resections]. 208 84

The effects of soman poisoning on hematological (counts of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets and measurement of hematocrit) and coagulation parameters (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and concentrations of fibrinogen, factor V, factor VII, and factor XI) and serum biochemistry (concentration of albumin, protein, calcium, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), magnesium, and creatinine and activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholinesterase, creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and amylase) were determined at 1, 2, 4, 24, and 48 hours after poisoning of rabbits. There were significant (p less than 0.05) decreases in the RBC counts in all treatment groups that were measured initially at 4 hours and were reflected by parallel decreases in the hematocrit values. These changes were probably due to an increase in the hemolysis of the RBC rather than a decrease in the production of RBC. There were minor changes in the coagulation parameters. Generally, the fibrinogen content increased. The activated partial thromboplastin time decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) 24 and 48 hours after soman (50 micrograms/kg) poisoning. Blood cholinesterase values were significantly reduced in all treatment groups at all time periods. The CPK activity was increased after 4 and 24 hours in the 20 and 50 micrograms/kg soman groups. There were minor changes in the other biochemistry values, but none that showed a dose-response relationship; thus, they were considered to be of limited significance with regard to the toxic manifestations of soman exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of soman poisoning on hematology and coagulation parameters and serum biochemistry in rabbits. 212 98


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