Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.1.79 (hormone-sensitive lipase)
 2,163 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently, we showed that short-term training induced a rapid increase in IMCL whilst insulin sensitivity tended to improve. Here we investigate molecular adaptations accompanying this physiological training-induced accumulation of IMCL. Nine untrained men (age: 23.3 +/- 3.2 y; maximal power output: 3.8 +/- 0.6 W/kg body weight) trained for two weeks. Before and after training, subjects cycled for three hours and biopsies were taken before and after exercise. mRNA concentrations of ACC2, HSL, LPL, Glut4 and HKII were quantified by RT-PCR and association of Glut4 with the membrane was quantified by immunohistochemical method. Endurance training resulted in a decrease of 29.1 % in ACC2 mRNA (p = 0.02). After training, ACC2 mRNA tended to decrease with acute exercise (- 24.4 % [p = 0.06]). HSL mRNA decreased with acute exercise after training (- 37.3 % [p = 0.002]). LPL mRNA concentrations increased with acute exercise before training (+ 42.4 % [p = 0.05]) and HKII mRNA increased with acute exercise before (+ 72.5 % [p = 0.025]) and after training (+ 99.3 % [p = 0.05]). After acute exercise, more Glut4 was associated with the membrane than before exercise, but it was not affected by training. We conclude that the training-induced increase in IMCL was accompanied by molecular adaptations in muscle to improve fat oxidative capacity, while markers of glucose metabolism were not yet changed. The present data are in line with the hypothesis that the fat oxidative capacity might be more important than the IMCL content in determining insulin sensitivity.
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PMID:Short-term training is accompanied by a down regulation of ACC2 mRNA in skeletal muscle. 1658 31

Higher fat and lower carbohydrate and amino acid oxidation are observed in women compared with men during endurance exercise. We hypothesized that the observed sex difference is due to estrogen and that menstrual cycle phase or supplementation of men with 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) would coordinately influence the mRNA content of genes involved in lipid and/or carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle. Twelve men and twelve women had muscle biopsies taken before and immediately after 90 min of cycling at 65% peak oxygen consumption (Vo(2peak)). Women were studied in the midfollicular (Fol) and midluteal (Lut) phases, and men were studied after 8 days of E(2) or placebo supplementation. Targeted RT-PCR was used to compare mRNA content for genes involved in transcriptional regulation and lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism. Sex was the greatest predictor of substrate metabolism gene content. Sex affected the mRNA content of FATm, FABPc, SREBP-1c, mtGPAT, PPARdelta, PPARalpha, CPTI, TFP-alpha, GLUT4, HKII, PFK, and BCOADK (P < 0.05). E(2) administration significantly (P < 0.05) affected the mRNA content of PGC-1alpha, PPARalpha, PPARdelta, TFP-alpha, CPTI, SREBP-1c, mtGPAT, GLUT4, GS-1, and AST. Acute exercise increased the mRNA abundance for PGC-1alpha, HSL, FABPc, CPTI, GLUT4, HKII, and AST (P < 0.05). Menstrual cycle had a small effect on PPARdelta, GP, and glycogenin mRNA content. Overall, women have greater mRNA content for several genes involved in lipid metabolism, which is partially due to an effect of E(2).
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PMID:Exercise, sex, menstrual cycle phase, and 17beta-estradiol influence metabolism-related genes in human skeletal muscle. 1980 40

This study aimed to assess the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) and fat intake on the expression of key genes related with nutrient partitioning and metabolism in main tissues involved in energy metabolism (white adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle). Rats were studied under different conditions: feeding state, 24 h fasting, and 12 h refeeding after 24 h fasting with isocaloric amounts of CHO or fat. Fat, but not CHO, refeeding was associated with an increase in serum and liver triglyceride content. Main changes in gene expression elicited by CHO compared with fat refeeding were: 1) higher expression levels of genes related with lipogenesis (PPARgamma2, ChREBP, FAS), glucose uptake and metabolism (GLUT4, HKII), fatty acid uptake (LPL, CD36), and lipolysis (ATGL, HSL) in white adipose tissue; 2) higher expression levels of genes related with lipogenesis (FAS, SCD1) but lower ones related with fatty acid uptake (CD36) and oxidation (PPARalpha, CPT1, PDK4) in liver; and 3) higher expression levels of GLUT4 but lower ones related with fatty acid oxidation (PDK4 and UCP3) in muscle. It is worth mentioning that both CHO and fat refeeding resulted in a robust increase in both hepatic mRNA and circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor-21, compared with fasted levels. In summary, these results, showing marked differences in gene expression after CHO and fat refeeding, can explain diet-associated differences in fuel handling and partitioning between tissues; in addition, a role of fibroblast growth factor-21 in metabolic adaptations, not only in the ketotic state but also to face an unbalanced nutritional situation, is suggested.
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PMID:Response to carbohydrate and fat refeeding in the expression of genes involved in nutrient partitioning and metabolism: striking effects on fibroblast growth factor-21 induction. 1983 71

The aim was to characterize the expression pattern of genes involved in lipid metabolism in internal (retroperitoneal, mesenteric) and subcutaneous (inguinal) adipose tissue depots in rats and their relation with site-specific morphological- and metabolic-features. Gene expression by RT-qPCR, western blot and morphometric analyses were performed. Lipogenesis-related genes (PPARgamma2, SREBP1c, ACC1, GPAT, LPL, CD36, GLUT4) showed higher mRNA levels in the retroperitoneal depot versus the mesenteric and the inguinal depots; the expression of PPARgamma;2, ACC1, CD36, and GLUT4 in the mesenteric depot was also higher than in the inguinal depot. HKII was similarly expressed in the retroperitoneal and mesenteric depots and higher than in the inguinal one. The expression of lipolysis-related genes (HSL, ATGL) was higher in the retroperitoneal than in the mesenteric and inguinal depots, while the expression of fatty-acid oxidation-related genes (PPARalpha, CPT1) was lower in the retroperitoneal depot compared with the mesenteric and the inguinal depots. Thus, a higher expression of lipogenesis- and lipolysis-related genes and lower expression of fatty-acid oxidation-related genes in internal depots (particularly in the retroperitoneal, which also presents the largest adipocyte size) can explain its higher triacylglyceride turnover rates and hence account for the differential behavior of fat depots in physiological situations and its involvement in obesity-linked metabolic disorders.
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PMID:Gene expression patterns in visceral and subcutaneous adipose depots in rats are linked to their morphologic features. 1991 Jun 95