Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase)
 28,390 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and its molecular forms of a precocial murid, Acomys cahirinus, characterized by a large hippocampus, were measured during post-natal development and compared with rat. The activity of soluble AChE in Acomys increased slightly up to 4 weeks after birth. The total AChE activity increased somewhat more but, in rats, this increase was still greater. Three main molecular forms of AChE were separated by 7.5% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Their close similarity to the rat AChE forms was assessed by gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrofocusing. Maturation of these forms, i.e., conversion of simple into more complex forms in the soluble fraction of AChE was, however, considerably delayed reaching only after 4 weeks the pattern comparable to that of rat.
Acta Biochim Pol 1984
PMID:Brain acetylcholinesterase and its molecular forms in a precocial murid, Acomys cahirinus, and rat during post-natal development. 672 Jan 91

In experiments with isolated nerve-diaphragm preparation and intact anterior tibial muscle of the rat, it was found that repeated administration of fluostigmine (1 to 30 days) caused a decrease of the indirectly elicited tetanic response and post-tetanic depression of twitch response. Impairment of neuromuscular transmission increased during the first days of treatment. In the following period marked recovery occurred in spite of further fluostigmine administration. The recovery of neuromuscular function was much more pronounced in diaphragm preparation than in the anterior tibial muscle. It was not associated with any recovery in the activity of inhibited acetylcholinesterase. The sensitivity of the neuromuscular junction to carbachol increased during the first days of treatment and then decreased in the later stage. The sensitivity to d-tubocurarine in the diaphragm preparation decreased on the tenth day of treatment and returned to normal value after 30 days. In the anterior tibial muscle the sensitivity to d-tubocurarine slightly decreased on the fifth day, and after 20 to 30 days, was markedly increased. The underlying mechanisms are discussed.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Neuromuscular function in fluostigmine intoxication. 715 77

Acetylcholine (ACh) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in central nervous system (CNS) and foot muscle (FM) of Laevicaulis alte cresting at 0400 h under LD 12:12 (0600 to 1800 : 1800 to 0600 h) regimen are in phase with each other. Nuli hypothesis (Ho) than for FM AChE, was rejected (A not equal to 0) since F (2,3) (0.05) greater than 9.6 ACh and AChE rhythm phase synchronized motor rhythm of Laevicaulis alte.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Rhythm in acetylcholine-acetylcholinesterase system in the slug, Laevicaulis alte (Ferussac, 1821). 718 53

Intoxication of rats with single doses of Dichlorvos or Trichlorphon corresponding to 50% of the LD50 led to striking changes of blood plasma phosphatase activities. The complex pattern of these changes was not related to the observed inhibition of plasma cholinesterase. The tested pesticides did not inhibit plasma phosphatases in vitro.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:The activity of plasma phosphatases in rats treated with single doses of dichlorvos and trichlorphon. 723 36

The reported investigations were carried out on female Wistar rats aged about 6 weeks, weighing 150 g. During 28 days the fats were given daily organophosphates (DFP, DDVP, Chlorfenvinphos, IPO-62, IPO-63, Phospholine) in a dose of 1/10 LD50 subcutaneously. The observations were conducted on groups of 8 rats. The body weight of the animals was noted on the 10th, 20th and 28th day of the experiment. On the 28th day the rats were killed and the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was determined by the biochemical method of Hestrin in liver homogenate and in the microsomal, mitochondrial and soluble fractions of liver cells. After 28 days of the experiment the body weight of the rats poisoned with these substances amounted to from 80.8% (DFP) to 90.7% (IPO-63) of that in control animals. The AChE activity was also reduced in relation to the control group ranging in the liver homogenate from 49.7% (DFP) to 75.6% (IPO-63), in the microsomal fraction from 33.0% (DFP) to 63.8% (IPO-63), in the mitochondrial fraction from 45.5% (DFP) to 72.9% (IPO-63), and in the soluble fraction from 52.8% (DFP) to 80.5% (DDVP).
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Acetylcholinesterase activity in several rat liver cell fractions after repeated poisoning with some organophosphates. 723 37

D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide injected into the lateral brain ventricle (i.c.v.) in a dose of 100 micrograms increased choline acetyltransferase (AchT) activity in the hypothalamus and thalamus. No changes of AchT activity in the striatum, hippocampus and cortex were found. D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide increased also acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity but only in the hypothalamus. Morphine (10 micrograms i.c.v.) increased AchT activity only in the thalamus. Our results and data from the literature suggest that enkephalins may effect the cholinergic neurons in the brain.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Effect of D-Ala2-met-enkephalinamide and morphine on the activity of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in rat brain. 730 95

The interrelationships were studied between catecholaminergic and cholinergic systems in 169 patients with extrapyramidal system diseases: 68 patients with torsion dystonia (58 with the rigid form and 10 with the hyperkinetic form), 10 with Hallervorden-Spatz disease, 61 with hepatolenticular degeneration, and in 40 with idiopathic tremor. The secretion of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) and their precursor--DOPA) as well as the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChe)--the enzyme disintegrating acetylcholine--were determined. In the rigid form of torsion dystonia and in Hallervorden-Spatz disease reduced secretion of all catecholamines (mainly DA) and DOPA was observed, with decreased AChE activity. In the hyperkinetic form of torsion dystonia the secretion of DA was increased and AChE activity was higher. In the patients with idiopathic tremor the secretion of A and NA was decreased and AChE activity was reduced. In patients with hepatolenticular degeneration the secretion of NA and DA was decreased and that of their immediate precursor DOPA was increased. Changes of AChE activity showed a wide range. The observed disturbances reflect various forms of disturbances in the equilibrium between the catecholaminergic and cholinergic systems which are one of the leading pathogenetic mechanisms in the development of various extrapyramidal syndromes.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Characteristics of central neurotransmitter metabolism in hereditary extrapyramidal disorders]. 732 5

The protective effect of ten new synthetized mono- and bis-pyridinium salts on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) against DFP, Chlorphenvinphos, DDVP, IPO 62 and IPO 63 inhibition in vitro and in mice i.p. was studied. Moreover, abolition of tetanic block of the tibialis anterior muscle in rats after intoxication with DDVP by these salts was tested. An increase of the therapeutic effect of atropine after DFP poisoning in mice and a rise of LD50 values from 1.4 (PAN-W-15) to 5.1 times (PAN-W-14) was noted. The effect of PAN-W-14 and PAN-W-18 after inhibition by other organophosphates was found to be highest in human erythrocytes in vitro. In addition, prophylactic administration of PAN-W-14 prevented the tetanic block of the muscle in situ after DDVP intoxication.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Protective effect of some pyridinium salts on acetylcholinesterase against organophosphate inhibition. 737

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) injected into the lateral ventricles of rat bran in a dose of 600 microgram raised the level and increased the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) raising also the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) but had no effect on the activity of cholinesterase (AChE) in rat striatum. Bucuculline (Bk) in doses of 10 mirogram i.c.v reduced ACh synthesis and in 50 and 10 microgram doses reduced the activity of ChAc. No Bk effect on AChE activity was demonstrated. The observed effects of GABA were abolished by pretreatment with Bk in doses of 1, 5 or 10 microgram.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Gamma-aminobutyric acid and bicuculline effects on acetylcholine metabolism in the striatum in rats. 744 42

The reported investigations were carried out on female Wistar rats receiving chlorphenvinphos and phospholine in doses equalling 3/4 LD50 onto the skin and intragastrically. the levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were determined in the erythrocytes, liver and tibialis muscle and in three brain areas: pontomedullary area, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. The activity of the enzyme was determined 15 and 30 minutes, and 3, 24 and 72 hours after poisoning. A high degree of AChE inhibition was observed in the brain after chlorphenvinphos poisoning (activity fall to 15--30%) and a slight decrease of AChE activity after administration of phospholine independently of the route. After oral poisoning with both preparations the AChE activity level in the erythrocytes was from about 27% to 31%, in the liver from 18 to 23%, and in the skeletal muscle from 51 to 54%, while with the transcutaneous route of poisoning these values were: 18--23%, 41--52%, and 36--48% respectively. A high degree of enzyme restoration was observed during 72 hours of observation. AChE activity was then 60--80% of the initial value.
Acta Physiol Pol
PMID:Antiesterase activity of chlorphenvinphos and phospholine in certain rat tissues after administration by different routes. 744 44


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