Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase)
 28,390 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brief treatment with 10(-4)M diisopropylfluorophosphate (DEP) irreversibly inactivates acetylcholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.7; acetylcholine hydrolase) (AChE) activity in 10 day old chick embryonic muscle cultures. Electron microscopic cytochemistry was employed to follow the distribution of new AChE during recovery from DEP treatment. In normal 10 day cultures of embryo pectoralis muscles AChE is localized in the nuclear envelope, perinuclear sarcoplasm, sarcotubular system, subsurface vesicles and bound outside the cells. Immediately after DFP treatment AChE activity is absent in large myotubes. Within 15 min, activity is randomly present in small amounts in the sarcotubular system and nuclear envelope. There is a dramatic increase in activitv in the nuclear envelope during the 1st hr of recovery, and connections between the nuclear envelope and sarcotubular system are often seen. The next few hr of recovery show increased AChE activity. By 4 hr activity approaches that of controls. Six to 8 hr after treatment, AChE activity can be detected spectrophotometrically in the medium and can be seen bound outside the cells with the electron microscope. The spatial and temporal patterns of AChE activity demonstrate that the recovery of AChE and its mobilization and release from DFP-treated cells are not governed solely by the levels attained by the enzyme in the cultured embryo muscle.
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PMID:Ultrastructural localization of acetylcholinesterase in cultured cells. III. DFP treated embryo muscle. 56 40

Butyryl cholinesterase activity in Glossimetra orientalis was studied histochemically with Gomori's method using butyrylthiocholine as substrate. Eserine sulphate (10(-5) M) was used as inhibitor for AChE. The study reveals that the enzyme is present mainly in the musculature of the reproductive system, excretory canal, nerve cells and fibers, tegument and subtegumentary cells and suckers. The testes, ovary and parenchyma are completely negative. The functional significance of the enzyme in the various locations have been discussed.
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PMID:Histoenzymological compartmentation of butyryl cholinesterase in the Glossimetra orientalis Mehra 1937. 59 93

Menstrually related temporary remissions of myasthenic symptoms are reported to occur in 25 to 50% of female patients. Even though this has been attributed to hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle the underlying mechanism of this hormonal influence has remained elusive. The present study demonstrated a cyclical variation in the activity of red cell acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) enzyme (AChE) with a marked reduction at the time of menstrual remission of symptoms of myasthenia. These cyclical changes were abolished by thymectomy. It appears, therefore, that menstrual remission in myasthenia is at least partly due to hormone-induced changes in AChE activity. This process seems to be under the control of the thymus gland.
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PMID:Acetylcholinesterase activity and menstrual remissions in myasthenia gravis. 59 53

An investigation was undertaken to study the neuro-histochemistry of tonue of Gallus domesticus (white Leghorn) by cholinesterase technique under maintained pH of 5.2, temperature 40 degrees C and incubation period 20 h, and Ungewitter's silver impregnation method. Fungiform (8--16 in number), filiform (5--16 in number), circumvallate and foliate (numerous) were recorded profusely innervated in the various regions of the tongue. Neuro-muscular spindles related either with the non-myelinated, myelinated nerve fibres or with the ganglia via pre- or postganglionic nerve fibre showed cholinesterase (AChE) positive activity in the form of dark brown patches. Neural network over the glands, formed the basket envelope likestructures. Glands showed positive cholinesterase (AChE) reaction on the periphery. Dot-like nerve endings were connected with the neural terminal network in the foliate papillae region and motor end plate like endings on blood vessel, were occasionally recorded. Parasympathetic ganglia of various shape and sizes, arranged in chain-like fashion were observed in the connective tissue space between the fungiform and circumvallate papillae and foliate papillae region. The pre- and postganglionic fibres of these ganglia were related with the anteriorly and posteriorly located papillae via the neural terminal network. Cholinesterase (AChE) activity was marked either in the centre, of the fungiform or on the periphery of the filiform, circumvallate and foliate papillae.
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PMID:Neuro-histochemical study of the tongue of Gallus domesticus (White Leghorn). 61 92

Presence and the relation of the nerve endings with associated structures in the lund of Rattus rattus rufescens (Indian black rat) and Francolinus pondicerianus (grey partridge or safed teeter) has been studied by cholinesterase technique. Dot, plate, and Vater pacini Corpuscles like nerve endings in the lung of Rattus and dot, and bulb like nerve endings with axis cylinder covered with myelinated sheath in the lung of Francolinus were recorded. The nerve endings were AChE-positive.
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PMID:Histochemical study on the nerve endings in the lung of Rattus rattus rufescens and Francolinus pondicerianus. 61 95

The acetylcholinesterase (AHhE) activity in the corpora lutea of ovaries from sheep has been examined at different stages of pregnancy and the oestrous cycle, by both quantitative and histochemical techniques. The enzyme activity rose during the early part of pregnancy and then levelled out; it appeared to fall sharply at term. During the oestrous cycle the AChE activity was much lower but showed time-related changes. A few results from pigs and cows are included. The cows corpora lutea, unlike those of the sheep and pig contained butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) as well as AChE. The results are discussed in terms of the possible function of non-neuronal cholinesterases.
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PMID:Cholinesterase activity in the corpus luteum of the sheep and pig. 61 77

The present investigation was undertaken for the study of the comparative neurohistological observations of pancreatic-Artery (blood vessel) in Gallus domesticus (white leghorn) and Suncus murinus (Indian musk shrew) by cholinesterase technique. In Gallus, the innervation of arteries (blood vessel) was by a good number of non-myelinated nerevs, which formed the periarterial plexus in participation with the postganglionic fibres at one end and the fibres of the nerve cells of the other end. In Suncus, the periarterial and AChE-positive ganglia were arranged in chain-like fashion on the periphery of the artery. Periarterial plexus was formed by tortuous, myelinated nerves and the nerve fibres of the ganglia.
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PMID:Comparative neurohistological observations on the intrinsic innervation of pancreatic artery (blood vessel) in the representative of bird and mammal. 61 54

The histochemical study of the Ear of female Suncus murinus (Indian musk shrew) was studied by the use of the cholinesterase technique. Good and sharp results were obtained while studing the AChE activity in the hair, hair follicle, hair papillae, muscle spindle, and nerve endings. The investigations were performed under constant pH, temperatures 37 degrees C to 40 degrees C, and incubation times, from 16 hours to 18 hours. The hair follicle and hair shafts showed strong positive reaction; hair papillae also showed strong positive reaction of AChE activity, while hair showed the banded appearance and the muscle spindles showed mild reaction of the AChE activity.
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PMID:Histochemical study on the external ear of Suncus murinus (Indian musk shrew). 64 May 15

Specific and non specific cholinesterase activities were demonstrated in the ABRM of Mytilus edulis L. and Mytilus galloprovincialis L. by means of different techniques. The results were found identical for both species: neuromuscular junctions "en grappe"-type scarely distributed within the ABRM, contain AChE. According to the histochemical inhibition tests, (a) the eserine inhibits AChE activity of the ABRM with a level of 5-10(-5) M or higher, (b) the ChE non specific activities are inhibited by iso-OMPA level between 5.10(-5) to 10(-4) M. The histo- and cytochemical observations were completed by showing the existence of neuromuscular junctions containing small clear vesicles: they probably are the morphological support for ACh presence. Moreover, specific and non specific ChE activities were localized in the glio-interstitial cells. AChE precipitates were developed along the ABRM sarcolemma, some muscle mitochondria and in the intercellular spaces remain enigmatic.
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PMID:[Innervation of the anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM) in Mytilus edulis L. and in Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk. V. Cytochemical localization of cholinesterase activities (author's transl)]. 64 Aug 63

A comparative study of pancreatic duct innervation of Francolinus pondicerianus (grey partridge or safed teeter) and Suncus murinus (Indian musk shrew) as revealed by cholinesterase technique has been done for investigation. In Suncus pancreas, the AChE-positive ganglia, elongated and irregularly shaped, medium and large-sized, were recorded either on the periphery of the excretory duct or on the wall of the duct. No ganglia were recorded on the periphery, although the fibres of the ganglia were in close association with the periductular plexus and the fibres of the peri-insular plexus in Francolinus. In Suncus, multipolar and AChE-positive ganglia of various shapes, arranged in chain-like fashion on the duct, were recorded, whereas in Francolinus the multipolar ganglia of AChE-positive nature and of various shapes, arranged in chain-like fashion, were observed in the duct region.
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PMID:Comparative neurohistological observations on the pancreatic duct in certain birds and mammals as revealed by cholinesterase technique. 64 32


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