Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase)
 28,390 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muscle biopsies from three patients with cardiomyopathy, mental retardation and increased serum creatine kinase levels revealed scattered fibers with tiny intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing basophilic and acid phosphatase-positive material and slightly increased amounts of PAS-positive granules. These findings are consistent with those seen in the so-called lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase. In addition to the vacuoles, there were occasional folds or indentations in the sarcolemma which were connected to the membrane enclosing the vacuoles. These membranes were well demonstrated histochemically by the nonspecific esterase and acetylcholinesterase stains. On electron microscopy, most of the vacuoles were bounded by membranes with basal lamina. The vacuolar membrane stained positively with antibodies raised to dystrophin, dystrophin-associated glycoproteins, laminin and type 4 collagen, and it was identical to the sarcolemma and its basal lamina. Therefore, the membrane abnormality which causes sarcolemmal folding is probably critical to understanding the pathomechanism of this disease.
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PMID:Sarcolemmal indentation in cardiomyopathy with mental retardation and vacuolar myopathy. 753 16

Inorganic sulfites are chemical compounds with antioxidative, antibacterial and antimycotic properties diffusely employed in agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. In spite of their continuous use there still are many questions regarding their safety, and their possible influence in several nutrients and enzymatic systems, as according to reports in the literature cited. In this study it is determined the effect of increasing doses of sodium bisulphite, 10 to 50 mg/kg/day, injected intramuscularly during seven days on the activity of the following serum enzymes: phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT), cholinesterase (CHE), arginase, acid maltase (AM), alkaline phosphatase (AIP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), transaminases (GOT and GPT) and 5'-nucleotidase (5'-N) on male Wistar rats (treated groups). The results indicate that in rats treated with sodium bisulphite there is a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the activity of PHI, gamma-GT, arginase, AIP, GOT, GPT and 5'-N as well as an equally significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the activity of LDH, AM and CHE; these variations are proportional to the doses of the compound applied. These findings indicate there is cellular damage to rat liver, kidney or others organs as a result of bisulphite injected or by its metabolic derivatives. It is suggested that measurements of serum levels of LDH, AM and CHE are particularly helpful in the clinical assessment of pathologies caused by sulfites in allergology.
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PMID:[Changes in serum enzymes in rats treated with sodium bisulfite]. 1146 Jul 97

In the present work the effect of intramuscular administration of 30.000, 50.000 and 100.000 IU of vitamin A palmitate daily for seven days, respectively, on the liver enzyme activity in 45 white male Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks and weighing 180-200 g, have been studied. The group control was integrated by 15 healthy rats with similar characteristics (strain, gender, age and weight) to treated animals. Food and water consumption and body weights were recorded at the end of the experimental period. Rats were observed for clinical signs of toxicity. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed under ether anesthesia. Liver samples were taken for the determination of enzyme activity. Administration of excess of vitamin A produced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the content of liver vitamin A, determined diverse and variable clinical signs (such as, anorexia, loss of body weight, alopecia, conjunctivitis, external and internal hemorrhages, skin abnormalities and death) and increased (p < 0.05) the activity of the following enzymes: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, acid maltase (acid alpha-1,4-glucosidase), acid proteases, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase while glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase, alpha-amylase, cholinesterase and arginase decreased (p < 0.05) as compared with untreated controls. These changes depend on the doses given of vitamin A. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that short-term administration of high doses of vitamin A determined diverse and variable clinical signs and produces a marked alteration of activity of liver enzymes.
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PMID:[Clinical and biochemical alterations in rats treated with high doses of vitamin A]. 1827