Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase)
 28,390 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The relationship between Km and assay temperature was examined in three tropical and two temperate Drosophila species, and in the cosmopolitan species, D. melanogaster, for isocitrate dehydrogenase and acetylcholinesterase. 2. For both enzymes Km patterns were similar among species from the same habitat, and different between habitats. No such parallelism was seen with respect to thermal inactivation. 3. The Q10 values in general reflected temperature dependent changes in Km, but exceptions were noted.
 ...
PMID:Adaptation of Drosophila enzymes to temperature--I. Acetylcholinesterase and NADP-dependent isocitrate-dehydrogenase. 31 70

Specific activities of NADP isocitrate dehydrogenase and acetylcholinesterase were significantly higher in muscle fibres differentiated, in vitro, from myoblasts of adductor magnus (red) than pectoralis major (white) muscles 10-day-old chick embryos. This is evidence, as far as enzyme activities are concerned, that myoblasts from different types of skeletal muscles are able to give, in tissue culture, muscle fibres of different properties, even in the absence of nerve supply.
 ...
PMID:Enzymatic activities of muscle fibres differentiated, in vitro, from pectoralis major (white) and adductor magnus (red) muscles of chick embryos. 89 21

The effects of treating adult wethers with 2 or 4 mg of coumaphos/kg of body weight each day for 6 days were investigated. The smaller dose produced a gradual decrease of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (to maximum average reduction of approximately 45%), but without the appearance of signs of toxicosis. The larger dose appeared to be toxic. Treatment with the drug did not seem to alter significantly the anticholinesterase effects of a 2nd treatment made 6 weeks later. Coumaphos did not significantly affect serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (glutamic oxalacetic transaminase) or isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD) and concentrations of serum sodium and plasma calcium. A marked decrease in blood serum potassium and an increase in plasma magnesium occurred in all wethers that died after treatment with coumaphos, whereas appreciable changes did not occur in the survivors of the treatment given 6 weeks earlier. Treatment of sheep with an intravenous injection of the organophosphorous compound trichlorfon, insufficient to produce a significant effect on erythrocyte cholinesterase activity, produced additive effects with those of coumaphos.
 ...
PMID:Repeated oral administration of coumaphos in sheep: effects on erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and other constituents. 111 26

Total serum protein, serum albumin, total urine protein excretion, and the serum activity of several enzymes--aldolase (ALS), cholinesterase (CHS), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)--were estimated in rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 30 days after a single injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). It was found that: (a) total serum protein and serum albumin diminished on day 4 and returned to control values on days 20 and 30, respectively; (b) total urine protein excretion rose on day 4, reached a peak value on day 8, and then fell substantially but still remained higher than control values on day 30; (c) ALS and CHS activities increased; (d) LAP, ICD, and AST activities showed a biphasic pattern, first increasing and then decreasing; (e) ALT, LDH, HBD, CK, and ALP activities decreased; and (f) GGT activity remained unchanged. The differences in the profiles of the enzyme activities suggest their independent regulation in experimental NS induced by PAN.
 ...
PMID:Activity of serum enzymes in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome. 146 3

Changes in oxidative metabolism of hepatopancreas and muscle tissues of penaeid prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros was studied, following its exposure to selected organophosphorous insecticides phosphamidon, dichlorovos and methylparathion. The OPI are found to inhibit the activity levels of acetylcholinesterase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome-c-oxidase and cause accumulation of acetylcholine in the hepatopancreas and muscle tissues. These changes in the activity levels of selected oxidative enzymes during insecticide exposure in these tissues of prawn indicates the shift in the metabolic emphasis from aerobic to anaerobic conditions and is interpreted as a functional adaptation to insecticide induced metabolic stress. These observed changes at cellular level pave way for successful survival of prawns in insecticide polluted environ.
 ...
PMID:Phosphamidon, methylparathion and dichlorvos impact on tissue oxidative metabolism in penaeid prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros. 187 82

The stability of various marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) plasma constituents was investigated after storage at room temperature, 4 degrees C, and -20 degrees C. The method of sequential analysis ensured that the between-run bias of the methods of analysis used was drastically reduced, and the definitions of stability were linked to the imprecision of these methods. Optimal conditions for storage for as long as 48 h depended on the analyte being measured. Room temperature was optimal for cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase; 4 degrees C for protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase; and -20 degrees C for glutathione reductase and alkaline phosphatase. For aspartate amino-transferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, either 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C would be suitable. Reasons are advanced for some conflicting reports in the published work, and we emphasize the need to investigate each analyte and species separately.
 ...
PMID:Stabilities of some constituents of marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) plasma under various conditions of storage. 641 8

Reference intervals for some clinical chemistry parameters in the marmoset were calculated. The effects of age (250-300 days compared with 500-550 days) and sex on the values found was investigated. Alkaline phosphatase levels decreased with age, young males having higher plasma levels than young females, but no sex differences were discernible for older animals. Levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were higher in older males than in younger females. Higher plasma iron levels were found in the males with increasing age. Age and sex effects for protein and albumin were interactive and further interpretation was therefore difficult. No significant age or sex effects were seen for cholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin.
 ...
PMID:Reference intervals for some clinical chemical parameters in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): effect of age and sex. 643 Nov 85

The regional enzyme activities of glucose metabolism in the rat brain were investigated. Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1), key enzymes for glucose metabolism, showed no changes in activity in all the regions studied of the aging brain as compared with the adult brain. However, the activity of D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30) is low throughout the adult brain and, in contrast with hexokinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase, its activity decreases significantly during aging. Other enzymes that showed significant decreases during aging are aldolase (EC 4.1.2.13), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7), and NAD+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41). The catabolic enzyme in cholinergic metabolism, acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), selected as an example of a non-energy-metabolising enzyme, also showed significant decreases in all regions of the brain in aging, although its highest activity remained in the striatum. These results are discussed with respect to the energy metabolism in various brain regions and their status with aging.
 ...
PMID:Energy-metabolizing enzymes in brain regions of adult and aging rats. 646 Aug 51

We previously demonstrated that feeding rats Steenbock and Black's rickets-inducing diet produces remarkable changes in the metabolic pattern of the intestinal mucosa, kidney, and liver and in some membrane transport systems of intestinal mucosa and kidney. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 administration to rachitic rats did not always prove to be effective in restoring normal values. We have now investigated the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the levels of some metabolites in rat cerebral cortex, on the activity of some enzymes, and on the transport of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-glucose in synaptosomes. Our experiments were carried out on three rat groups: control, rachitic, and rachitic treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The decrease in phosphorus content and the increase in citrate concentration observed in rachitic rat cerebral cortex were corrected by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment. The activity of acetylcholinesterase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and acyl phosphatase significantly increased in rachitic rat synaptosomes, as well as NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase in cerebral cortex mitochondria; the administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to rachitic rats restored enzyme levels to normal. The transport of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-glucose in rachitic rat synaptosomes was lower than in the control group and returned to control values in consequence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment. The results reported here support the hypothesis of a participation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in some aspects of cerebral cortex metabolism.
 ...
PMID:Effect of vitamin D deficiency and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on metabolism and D-glucose transport in rat cerebral cortex. 839 7

We previously demonstrated that feeding rats the Steenbock and Black rickets-inducing diet produces remarkable changes in the metabolic pattern of intestinal mucosa, kidney, liver, cerebral cortex and heart. We have now determined the levels of calcium, phosphorus and citrate in cerebral cortex and the activity of some enzymes in synaptosomes and cerebral cortex mitochondria of three rat groups: control (Group A), fed a vitamin D-deficient diet (Group B), fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Group C). While calcium content increased in Groups B and C, phosphorus concentration increased only in Group C and citrate in Group B in comparison with control. The increase in acetylcholinesterase and citrate synthase registered in Group B was restored to control values by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment, while, neither the decrease in cytochrome c oxidase, nor the increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and NADP+(-)isocitrate dehydrogenase observed in Group B were corrected by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 supply. Acyl phosphatase showed a remarkable increase in consequence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 administration.
 ...
PMID:Vitamin D--related modification of enzyme activities in synaptosomes and mitochondria isolated from rat cerebral cortex. 862 85


1 2 3 Next >>