Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase)
 28,390 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were described, in whom hypercholinesterasemia was found. Histochemical examinations revealed that there was a significantly increase in enzyme activity of cholinesterase in liver tissue slice obtained from the part of carcinoma in case 1. It was found that cholinesterase activity in homogenized liver tissue in part of carcinoma was much higher than that of non-carcinoma, and even in other HCC cases, hepatic cirrhosis and control liver tissues. These results suggested that HCC cells were capable of producing cholinesterase and, therefore, that hypercholinesterasemia was an additional paraneoplastic syndrome in HCC.
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PMID:Hypercholinesterasemia in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a new paraneoplastic syndrome. 630 85

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is an idiopathic or paraneoplastic syndrome producing antibodies against presynaptic voltage-gated P/Q calcium channels. This decreases calcium entry into the presynaptic terminal, which prevents binding of vesicles to the presynaptic membrane and acetylcholine release. LEMS is most often associated with small cell lung cancer, although idiopathic presentations comprise approximately 40% of the cases. The most common initial complaint is proximal muscle weakness involving the lower extremities more than the upper extremities. Depressed deep tendon reflexes and autonomic dysfunction are frequently present. Involvement of the bulbar or respiratory muscles is rare. Diagnosis is confirmed by electrophysiological testing, which demonstrates small compound muscle action potentials and facilitation with exercise or 20-Hz repetitive stimulation. A serum test for voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies is commercially available. Treatment involves removing the cancer associated with the disease. If cancer is not found, immunosuppressive medications and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used with moderate success. Patients with idiopathic LEMS should be screened every 6 months with chest imaging for cancer.
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PMID:Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. 1525 11

A 64-year-old man presented with diplopia, muscle weakness, a pulmonary nodule and mediastinal widening on a chest radiograph. He was diagnosed with clinical stage IIIA (T2aN2M0) lung cancer. His neurological symptoms worsened following the initiation of thoracic radiation therapy (60 Gy) and chemotherapy. A diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG) was confirmed with a repetitive nerve stimulation test that showed a waning pattern, and a positive edrophonium test, although neither anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies nor anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibodies were detected. The ptosis and limb muscle weakness improved with prednisolone and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment, and a partial response of the lung cancer to chemoradiotherapy was obtained. However, the ptosis and limb muscle weakness worsened again following a recurrence of the lung cancer. The herein described case, in which lung cancer and MG occurred and recurred simultaneously, suggests that MG can develop as a paraneoplastic syndrome of lung cancer.
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PMID:Lung cancer associated with seronegative myasthenia gravis. 2602 91

Neurological signs and serum acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab) levels before and after thymectomy were monitored in a 6-year-old male cat with acquired Myasthenia Gravis (MG) as a paraneoplastic syndrome of thymoma. Soon after surgery, the neurological symptoms relapsed, and the cholinesterase inhibitor was administered to control them. The AChR-Ab levels increased postoperatively until 90 days after surgery. This is the first report on long term measurements of serum AChR-Ab levels in a cat with MG. Although thymectomy is valuable for the removal of thymoma, it may not resolve MG symptoms, neurological signs and serum AChR-Ab levels, without medication early after surgery. Also, this case report indicates that the AChR-Ab level might be a guide to detect a deterioration of MG symptoms.
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PMID:Temporal deterioration of neurological symptoms and increase of serum acetylcholine receptor antibody levels after thymectomy: a case report of a cat with myasthenia gravis. 2759 82