Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.1.53 (sialidase)
 2,694 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combined models of cytokine-induced inflammation in the skin and spinal cord of the rat were utilised to demonstrate in vivo that circulating lymphocytes depend upon sialylated adhesion molecules on their surface for maximal recruitment into inflammatory sites in both tissues. When radiolabelled normal spleen cells were incubated with sialidase from Vibrio cholerae or Clostridium perfringens, or with the specific sialic acid-binding lectin from Limax flavus, prior to being washed and injected intravenously into rats, they accumulated significantly less than untreated control cells into tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-activated spinal cord and skin. Pretreatment of splenocytes with sialidase plus the competitive inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DDN) partially restored the accumulation of radiolabelled cells at both inflammatory sites, providing evidence for the specificity of sialidase treatment and the importance of sialyl residues. Pretreatment of macrophage-depleted spleen lymphocytes, or ovalbumin-specific W3/25+ (CD4) cell line T lymphocytes with sialidase produced similar decrements in accumulation at inflammatory sites, demonstrating that lymphocytes, including memory T cells, were relying on sialyl ligands for maximal recruitment. Results from this in vivo study are interpreted as providing indirect evidence that inducible sialyl-binding molecules, probably of the 'selectin' type, occur to a functionally significant extent on activated central nervous system (CNS) endothelium. We speculate that such carbohydrate-binding adhesion molecules may play an important role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells during the formation of CNS lesions in diseases such as the encephalomyelitides and multiple sclerosis.
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PMID:Sialyl ligands facilitate lymphocyte accumulation during inflammation of the central nervous system. 128 23

The present paper proposes a new therapy using Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase to treat diseases with unclear pathogenesis that present in common chronic inflammation and fibrosis. This hypothesis is based on recent findings that co-infection with mycoplasma and chlamydia is present in many of these diseases and that this enzyme was capable to eliminate or decrease the co-infection from the host. We identified that mycoplasmas and chlamydias are present in atherosclerosis, aortic valve stenosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, chronic chagasic myocarditis and cancer. We hypothetized that mycoplasmal infection may induce immunodepression in the host, favoring proliferation of pre-existent chlamydial infection and that elimination of mycoplasma would lead to improvement of the immune system resistance and the control of chlamydial proliferation. Mycoplasma has a particular parasitic relationship with host cells, involving strong adherence of their membranes, making it extremely difficult to eradicate mycoplasmal infection from the host. A new therapeutic approach is suggested using one or more agents that prevent or inhibit the adherence of mycoplasma to host cell membranes by removing sialic acid residues and preventing oxidation of the cells. The use of a neuraminidase enzyme, particularly the T. cruzi trans-sialidase enzyme, associated with treatment using anti-oxidating agents is proposed. Preliminary experimental animal and laboratory tests showed good results. The proposal that trans-sialidase from T. cruzi is efficient in combating co-infection of mycoplasma and chlamydia is based, at least in part, on the observation that chagasic patients suffering from T. cruzi infection present less mycoplasma and chlamydia infection in their tissues. Also, a lower incidence of the diseases above described to be related to mycoplasma infection is observed in chagasic patients. It is also hypothesized that co-infection with mycoplasma and chlamydia may induce oxidation of the host cells. Anti-oxidants such as those present in plant extracts may also be used in the treatment. Other diseases such as chronic hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's Syndrome and idiopathic encephalitis are other examples of chronic diseases where mycoplasma and chlamydia might be present, as they have the characteristics of unknown etiology, persistent chronic inflammation and fibrosis.
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PMID:Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a new therapeutic tool in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases: possible action against mycoplasma and chlamydia. 1532 5