Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.7 (DNA polymerase)
 17,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5'-Polyphosphates of N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine and -guanosine which contain a difluoromethylene group in place of a phosphoanhydride oxygen have been synthesized. 5'-[beta,gamma-(Difluoromethylene)triphosphates], including that of 2'-deoxyguanosine, were prepared by reaction of the corresponding 5'-phosphates, activated by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, with difluoromethanediphosphonate. The 5'-[(difluoromethylene)diphosphate] of N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)guanosine was prepared by treatment of a protected 5'-tosyl nucleoside with difluoromethanediphosphonate, followed by deprotection. Condensation of this nucleotide, activated with 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, with orthophosphate gave N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)guanosine 5'-[(alpha,beta-difluoromethylene)triphosphate]. Products were characterized by 31P and 19F NMR spectroscopy. The phosphonates were tested for their ability to displace [3H]GDP from the GTP binding proteins cellular (EC) and oncogenic (Leu-61) Ha-ras p21, and for their ability to inhibit DNA polymerase alpha from Chinese hamster ovary cells. The p21s bound weakly to a triphosphonate when the CF2 group was in the beta,gamma position, but not when it was in the alpha,beta position, and they did not bind to the corresponding (difluoromethylene)diphosphate. In contrast, the CF2 group had no effect on inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by N2-(p-n-butylphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-[(beta,gamma-difluoromethylene)triphospate]. 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-[(beta,gamma-difluoromethylene)triphosphate] was found to be a bona fide substrate for several DNA polymerases and had a lower apparent Km than dGTP with Bacillus subtilis DNA polymerase III.
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PMID:(Difluoromethylene)phosphates of guanine nucleosides as probes of DNA polymerases and G proteins. 211 2

We report a combinatorial approach aimed at producing in a single step a large family of nucleoside triphosphate derivatives that could be tested for their ability to be substrates for DNA polymerases. We propose as a unique triphosphate building block a nucleotide with a hydrazine function anchored to an imidazole ring. Condensation between the 5'-triphosphate derivative of 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-imidazole-4-hydrazide (dY(NH(2))TP) and any aldehyde or ketone, followed by reduction of the intermediate hydrazones dXmTP, resulted in the corresponding hydrazides (dXnTP). Following this scheme, a series of aldehydes having various aromatic parts yielded a number of adducts dY(NHR)TP. Vent (exo-) DNA polymerase is found to be able to catalyse the single incorporation of these bulky triphosphate derivatives. Subsequent extensions of the modified pairs with canonical triphosphates resulted mainly in abortive elongations at primer+2, except after the incorporation of dY(NHben)TP and, to a lesser extent, dY(NHphe)TP opposite C. These results illustrate the potential of this parallel synthetic scheme for generating new substrates or inhibitors of replication in a single step.
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PMID:A parallel synthesis scheme for generating libraries of DNA polymerase substrates and inhibitors. 1246 34

No backbone motif other than phospho-ribose and phospho-deoxyribose has been found in natural nucleic acids, currently restricting the molecular types of replicable biopolymers to DNA and RNA. With the aim of propagating and expressing a third type of nucleic acid in vivo, we assessed the replicability of polynucleotides with a phospho-hexitol backbone (HNA) in vivo and in vitro. Faithful polymerisation of up to four deoxynucleotides templated by hexitol oligonucleotides was established in vitro using DNA polymerase from Escherichia coli (PolA Klenow exo-fragment) and Thermus aquaticus (Taq polymerase). Condensation of up to three successive hTTPs (hexitol thymidine triphosphate) in responses to a pentameric hexitol template (hA)5 could also be demonstrated in vitro. Such a marginal HNA-dependent HNA polymerase activity of natural polymerases may be evolved in the future to catalyse in vitro amplification of HNA. The transmission of a two-codon-long genetic message carried on a hexameric hexitol template was also established using a selection screen for restoring thymidylate synthase activity in E. coli. These results exemplify the potential that can be explored by converting artificial substrates with natural enzymes in the field of informational polymer synthesis.
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PMID:Replication of hexitol oligonucleotides as a prelude to the propagation of a third type of nucleic acid in vivo. 1474 72