Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.7 (DNA polymerase)
 17,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Progressive pneumonia virus, the causative agent of a slow, pulmonary disease of Montana sheep, was shown to be antigenically related to two other slow viruses of sheep, visna and maedi. Electron microscopic examination of infected cells revealed that the virus matures by a budding process and that the budding particles as well as the mature, extracellular virions bear striking resemblances to the oncogenic ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses. Recent findings of an RNA-dependent deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase associated with the virions of this group of slow viruses lend further support to the notion that they may tentatively be classified with the oncogenic RNA tumor viruses.
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PMID:Antigenic and morphological similarities of progressive pneumonia virus, a recently isolated "slow virus" of sheep, to visna and maedi viruses. 410 Dec 23

The physical and biochemical characteristics of progressive pneumonia virus were found to be remarkably similar to those of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) tumor viruses. Significant findings included the presence of a 60 to 70S RNA genome, RNA-dependent deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase activity, and common morphological properties. This information correlates with previously reported biological observations and supports the provisional inclusion of enveloped RNA-containing "slow viruses" within the RNA tumor virus group.
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PMID:Physical and biochemical properties of progressive pneumonia virus. 410 74

A virus (151) isolated from synovial membrane explant cultures from a goat with arthritis-synovitis was characterised with respect to cytopathic effect in synovial membrane cell cultures, virus morphology, buoyant density and presence of RNA dependent DNA polymerase. Virus 151 was shown to be a retrovirus with similar properties to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in the United States of America. Inoculation of the virus into uninfected goats caused the development of arthritis-synovitis lesions and the virus was recovered from affected joints and lung 361 days post-inoculation. The development of antibody to virus 151 was detected using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Other goats with arthritis-synovitis, progressive pneumonia or viral leukoencephalomyelitis all had antibody that reacted in this ELISA. Viruses similar to virus 151 were recovered from a number of cases. Goats inoculated with one of the viruses produced serum antibody that cross-reacted in ELISA using maedi-visna virus and virus 151 as antigens.
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PMID:Characterisation, experimental infection and serological response to caprine retrovirus. 632 Jul 90

The recognition of viruses as causes of pneumonia in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts has expanded dramatically. The number of therapeutic agents available for treatment of these illness also has increased in the last decade. Each of these agents has demonstrated a limited therapeutic indication for treatment of viral pneumonia. Many of these agents inhibit viral DNA synthesis through actions as nucleoside analogs (such as acyclovir and ganciclovir). However, a variety of alternative mechanisms of inhibition of viral replication are used. Ribavirin, while being a nucleoside analogue, also appears to exert broad antiviral activity by a variety of enzymatic inhibitory mechanisms. Foscarnet, an inorganic pyrophosphate analogue, offers additional treatment options for herpesviruses by acting as a direct virus DNA polymerase inhibitor. The tricyclic amines amantadine and rimantadine inhibit influenza A replication by interfering with viral uncoating after cell penetration. Thus, these two agents are largely effective as prophylaxis. The search for novel antiviral drugs, such as neuraminadases inhibitors with selective influenza activity, is currently in progress.
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PMID:Anti-infective therapy for viral pneumonia. 866 55

Over a period of 6 years, antemortem and postmortem examinations were performed on a number of donkeys suffering from respiratory disease. For many cases, initial diagnostic efforts failed to identify an etiology consistent with the pathologic findings. However, retrospective examination of these cases using consensus primer polymerase chain reaction, designed to recognize herpesviruses from all 3 subfamilies of the Herpesviridae, amplified a fragment of the highly conserved herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene from a number of these animals. Two novel herpesviruses, herein designated asinine herpesvirus 4 (AHV4) and asinine herpesvirus 5 (AHV5), were consistently detected in lung tissue from donkeys in which the histopathology was characterized by interstitial pneumonia and marked syncytial cell formation but not in lung tissue from donkeys with evidence of bacterial or verminous pneumonia. Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis places these new viruses within the Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily and indicates that they are most closely related to the recently identified zebra herpesvirus and wildass herpesvirus as well as equine herpesviruses 2 and 5.
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PMID:Association of two newly recognized herpesviruses with interstitial pneumonia in donkeys (Equus asinus). 1215 5

Legionella is a common cause of community-acquired respiratory tract infections and occasionally causes nosocomial pneumonia. Rapid and accurate detection of legionellae is important for diagnosis and treatment of patients. In order to detect legionellae, a new DNA amplification method was designed and evaluated. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method amplifies DNA with high specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity under isothermal conditions at 65 degrees C. This method employs a DNA polymerase with strand displacement activity and a set of four specially designed primers that recognize a total of six distinct sequences on the target DNA. The primers targeting 16S rRNA gene were designed in order to detect a wide range of Legionella species. We could specifically detect Legionella species including Legionella pneumophila, Legionella anisa, Legionella bozemanii, Legionella dumoffii, Legionella erythra, Legionella feeleii, Legionella gormanii, Legionella longbeachae, Legionella micdadei, Legionella oakridgensis, and Legionella sainthelensi. The detection limit of the assay was 6 cfu per test of L. pneumophila strain. Furthermore, all of the positive LAMP results could be obtained within 50 minutes. The LAMP method was able to detect a wide range of Legionella species with high specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, and a simple procedure.
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PMID:[Rapid and simple detection of Legionella species by LAMP, a mew DNA amplification method]. 1498 4

The authors describe a patient with autosomal-recessive severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) with severe, multiorgan cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. In the face of appropriate therapy, the patient developed a 100-fold gradient in viral load across the blood-brain barrier. Disseminated disease, including pneumonitis, contributed to a fatal outcome. Serial genotypic analyses revealed multiple UL97 and UL54 (DNA polymerase) mutations that conferred phenotypic resistance to all currently licensed systemic CMV antivirals.
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PMID:Emergence and compartmentalization of fatal multi-drug-resistant cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with autosomal-recessive severe combined immune deficiency. 1534 89

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a beta-herpesvirus widely spread within a population and has been recognized as a potential significant pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Different clinical manifestations have been described including fever, skin rash, pneumonia, graft rejection and encephalitis. The goal of the study was development of real-time PCR assay for detection of human herpesvirus type 6 DNA in clinical samples, using primers targeting a conserved region of the viral DNA polymerase gene and a specific TaqMan hydrolyzing probe. The analytical sensitivity of assay was tested using serial dilutions of HHV-6 DNA in range between 10(0) and 10(-6). Thirty plasma samples taken from a group of adult recipients of allogeneic HSCT were tested for the presence of HHV-6 DNA in the LightCycler system. For comparison commercial quantitative MutaREAL HHV-6 kit (ALPCO) was used, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Both LightCycler assays, including in-house real-time PCR, detected HHV-6 DNA in 13 specimens. The conclusion is that developed TaqMan-based probes real-time PCR test is very reliable and valuable for detection of low-copy viremia in plasma samples. The high level of sensitivity and accuracy provided by the LightCycler instrument is favorable for the use of this method in the detection of HHV-6 DNA in clinical specimens.
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PMID:[Real-time PCR as an efficient tool for investigating the presence of human herpesvirus 6 DNA]. 1914 80

The prolonged use of the antibiotics over the years has transformed many organisms resistant to multiple drugs. This has made the field of drug discovery of vital importance in curing various infections and diseases. The drugs act by binding to a specific target protein of prime importance for the cell's survival. Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes are the few gram positive organisms that have developed resistance to drugs. It causes pneumonia, meningitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, bacteremia, pericarditis, and arthritis infections. The present study was carried out to identify potential drug targets and inhibitors for beta subunit of DNA polymerase III in these three Streptococcus species that might facilitate the discovery of novel drugs in near future. Various steps were adopted to find out novel drug targets. And finally 3D structure of DNA polymerase III subunit beta was modeled. The ligand library was generated from various databases to find the most suitable ligands. All the ligands were docked using Molegro Virtual Docker and the lead molecules were investigated for ADME and toxicity.
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PMID:Subtractive genomics approach to identify putative drug targets and identification of drug-like molecules for beta subunit of DNA polymerase III in Streptococcus species. 2241 82

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV), also known as human herpes virus-5 (HHV-5), is a common human pathogen acquired early in life in the majority of immunocompetent individuals. Primary infection establishes a state of latency and the virus can be reactivated during immunosuppression. CMV is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns and patients with impaired immune system. Prenatal infection can result in intrauterine growth retardation, hepatitis, myocarditis, pneumonitis, and neurologic abnormalities. Individuals with congenital or acquired immunosuppression can develop a primary CMV infection, infection with another CMV strain or experience reactivation of the latent virus. The hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients are at high risk of developing CMV infection, especially early in a post-transplant period. The definition of CMV disease includes the evidence of end-organ involvement in the presence of CMV detected by a validated laboratory assay. The selection of a laboratory method is highly dependent on the type of sample to be tested and the clinical presentation. In the clinical practice, the quantitative PCR-based assays are most helpful, since they can measure the level of CMV DNA in whole blood, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, tissue, and urine, and follow the kinetics of infection. In this chapter we describe the PCR assay designed to quantify CMV DNA in human plasma by amplifying a 105 base-pair (bp) fragment of the CMV immediate-early DNA polymerase gene.
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PMID:Detection of cytomegalovirus infection by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. 2366 5


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