Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.7 (DNA polymerase)
 17,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infection of BSC-1 cells by SV40 brings about an increase of 7--11-fold in DNA polymerase activity, found in the nuclei and cytoplasm, respectively. The overall ratio between activites of DNA polymerase beta (3.1S) and DNA polymerase alpha (5.5S) remains fairly constant throughout infection. However,there is a large increase in DNA polymerase alpha2 (7.1S) in the cytoplasm, and its appearance in the nuclei late in infection. The addition of 1 M NaCl to infected cytoplasm,causes an aggregation of DNA polymerase alpha into a higher sedimenting form (9.8S), termed DNA polymerase alpha3. DNA polymerase alpha1, alpha2 and alpha3 are different molecular forms of the same enzyme, as can be seen by their similar inhibition by N-ethyl-maleimide, heparin and NaCl. However, this new activity, alpha3, is stimulated by dithiothreitol to a greater extent at pH 9.30 than at pH 7.94. The conformational changes induced in DNA polymerase and its increase in activity during infection with SV40 are discussed.
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PMID:Fluctuation in activity of the molecular forms of cellular DNA polymerase during infection by SV40. 1 62

Infection of WI-38 human fibroblasts with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) led to the stimulation of host cell DNA polymerase synthesis and induction of a novel virus-specific DNA polymerase. This cytomegalovirus-induced DNA polymerase was purified and separated from host cell enzymes by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose column chromatographies. It can be distinguished from host cell enzymes by chromatographic behavior, template primer specificity, sedimentation property, and the requirement of salt for maximal activity. This virus-induced enzyme has a sedimentation coefficient of 9.2S and is found in both the nuclei and cytoplasm of virus-infected cells, but not in uninfected cells. This enzyme could efficiently use activated calf-thymus DNA, oly(dA)-oligo(dT)12-18, and poly(dC)-oligo(dG)12-18 as template primers, especially poly(dA)-oligo(dT)12-18, but it could not use poly(rA)-oligo(dT)12-18, poly(rC)-oligo(dG)12-18, or oligo(dT)12-18. The enzyme requires Mg2+ for maximal activity, is sensitive to p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, and is not a zinc metalloenzyme. In addition, the cytomegalovirus-induced DNA polymerase activity can be enhanced by adding 0.06 to 0.12 M NaCl or 0.03 to 0.06 M (NH4)2SO4 to the reaction mixture.
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PMID:Human cytomegalovirus. III. Virus-induced DNA polymerase. 16 4

Infection of arrested mouse kidney cells by polyoma virus results in the induction of the cellular 6-8S DNA polymerase activity. Levels of this enzyme increase two- to threefold in the cytoplasm but seven- to tenfold in nuclei and nuclear extract, suggesting an accumulation of the enzyme in the nucleus. Experiments using the inhibitor of DNA synthesis, fluordeoxyuridine, indicate that this accumulation is linked to active DNA synthesis. The activity and cellular distribution of the small 3.4S DNA polymerase remains unchanged.
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PMID:DNA polymerases in polyoma virus-infected mouse kidney cells. 17 41

Replication of herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) was studied in various cell lines of rat nervous system origin. Infection of neonatal rat glial primary cells with HSV-I, strain KOS, produced normal yields of progeny virus. Glioma lines B9 and B15 were permissive, the neuronal line B50 was partially restricted (10 to 100-fold reduction) and the neuronal line B103 was non-permissive (greater than 1000-fold reduction) for HSV-I (KOS) replication. Synthesis of virus DNA in infected B103 cells was not detected. However, at least some virus macromolecular synthesis was induced, including production of thymidine kinase, DNA polymerase and virus structural proteins.
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PMID:Infection by herpes simplex virus and cells of nervous system origin: characterization of a non-permissive interaction. 20 30

Infection of WI-38 human fibroblasts with varicella-zoster virus led to the stimulation of host cell DNA polymerase synthesis and induction of a new virus-specific DNA polymerase. This virus-induced DNA polymerase was partially purified and separated from host cell enzymes by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose column chromatographies. This virus-induced enzyme could be distinguished from host cell enzyme by its chromatographic behavior, template specificity, and its requirement of salt for maximal activity. The enzyme could efficiently use poly(dC).oligo(dG)12-18 as well as poly(dA).oligo(dT)12-18 as template-primers. It required Mg2+ for maximal polymerization activity and was sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid, to which host alpha- and beta-DNA polymerase were relatively resistant. In addition, this induced DNA polymerase activity was enhanced by adding 60 mM (NH4)2SO4 to the reaction mixture.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of varicella-zoster virus-induced DNA polymerase. 20 86

A plaque-forming lambdapolA phage was isolated from a population of transducing phage made in vitro from Escherichia coli DNA and a phage vector digested with restriction endonuclease HindIII. Amber mutations, in genes whose products are necessary for late protein synthesis (Q) and cell lysis (S), were crossed into the lambdapolA phage. Infection of either polA+ or polA- bacteria with this phage, under conditions permitting DNA replication but preventing phage production and lysis, elevated the levels of DNA polymerase I to between 75- and 100-fold that detected in a wild-type strain. The kinetics of enzyme production suggest that the polA gene is transcribed from its own promoter rather than from any of the well-characterized phage promoters. The fragment of E. coli DNA within the lambdapolA phage comprises approximately 5000 base pairs, sufficient to accommodate the polA gene and one, or two, coding sequences for smaller proteins.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of a lambdapolA transducing phage. 34 Nov 64

In order to evaluate the potential infectivity of blood of hepatitis B patients, the Dane particle associated DNA polymerase was determined, which is a reliable marker for the presence of complete viral particles. Enzyme activities were compared with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) titers determined by radioimmunoassay. Detectable DNA polymerase activity was only present in HBeAg positive blood, preferentially in samples with high antigen titers (1 : 1000 and above). These samples therefore have to be considered as highly infectious. However, blood with low HBeAg levels and free of detectable polymerase activity can still be infectious, since the polymerase reaction is rather insensitive compared to the radioimmunological HBeAg determination.
Infection 1979
PMID:Quantitative correlation between the Dane particle-associated DNA polymerase and the hepatitis B e antigen. 51 39

A radioimmunoassay for hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg) and antibody to e (anti-HBe) was developed and sera of 71 asymptomatic chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), in 44 of whom liver biopsy was obtained, were tested. In addition, testing for Dane particle associated DNA polymerase activity was performed in all sera. HBeAg was detected in 14 subjects (19.7%) and anti-HBe in 46 (64.8%). The highest proportion of HBeAg positivity (40%) was found among carriers with histological evidence of chronic hepatitis, whereas anti-HBe was present in 80% of carriers with normal liver histology, in 58% of carriers with non-specific reactive hepatitis and in 60% of carriers with chronic liver lesions. DNA polymerase activity was present in 92.8% of sera positive for HBeAg, in 13% of sera positive for anti-HBe, and in 9% of sera negative for both markers. Our results demonstrate that not all HBsAg carriers reactive to HBeAg show evidence of chronic hepatitis nor, conversely, that anti-HBe is invariably associated with the healthy carrier state of HBsAg. Finally, circulating Dane particles, as revealed by the presence of serum specific DNA polymerase activity, may also be present in anti-HBe positive sera other than those of some HBsAg carriers lacking both HBeAg and anti-HBe.
Infection 1979
PMID:Radioimmunoassay in the detection of the hepatitis B e antigen/antibody system in asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. Correlation with serum Dane particle associated DNA polymerase activity. 54 99

Infection of synchronized bovine fetal spleen cells with bovine parvovirus results in changes in the levels and patterns of DNA polymerases alpha and gamma during the cell cycle. The pattern of DNA polymerase alpha activity closely paralled viral DNA synthesis and the production of progeny virus, and levels, of this enzyme were threefold greater than in mock-infected cells during the period of maximal viral DNA synthesis. DNA polymerase gamma activity remained slightly elevated during viral DNA replication. Levels and patterns of DNA polymerase beta were similar in mock- and virus-infected cells.
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PMID:Levels of cellular DNA polymerases in synchronized bovine paravovirus-infected cells. 56 97

Infection of primary human cells with a rubella variant carrying DNA polymerase activity resulted in persistent infection; infection with wild type virus caused death of the infected cells and a cytopathic effect.
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PMID:Persistent infection of primary human cell cultures with rubella variant carrying DNA Polymerase activity. 62 92


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