Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.7 (DNA polymerase)
 17,007 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Archaea is the third domain which is phylogenetically differentiated from the other two domains, bacteria and eucarya. Hyperthermophile within the archaea domain has evolved most slowly retaining many ancestral features of higher eukaryotes. Pyrococcus kodakaraensis KOD1, which grows at 95 degrees C optimally, is a newly isolated hyperthermophilc archaeon. The KOD1 strain possesses a circular genome, whose size is estimated to be approximately 2,036 kb. KOD1 enzymes involved in the genetic information processing system, such as DNA polymerase, Rec protein, aspartyl tRNA synthetase and molecular chaperonin, share features of eukaryotic enzymes. Rapid and accurate PCR method by KOD1 DNA polymerase and enzyme stabilization system by KOD1 chaperonin are also introduced in this article.
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PMID:Archaeon Pyrococcus kodakaraensis KOD1: application and evolution. 989 Jan 43

We have isolated recombination deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis on the basis of their sensitivity to methyl-methane-sulfonate or ultraviolet light, or of their inability to be transformed on solid medium. We have analyzed the mutants for several recombination and repair properties; we have grouped them in 5 classes on the basis of their phenotype and tested them for the activity of several enzymes acting on DNA, ie. DNA polymerase, polynucleotide ligase, ATP dependent DNase, and a DNase acting on single-stranded DNA. One mutant was found reduced in the latter DNase. Some of the mutants have been mapped, and they correspond to three different genes denominated rec D, rec F and rec G. All the recombination deficient mutants of B. subtilis described in the literature have been grouped in 7 classes; the mutations belong to 13 (and possibly 15) different genes distributed along the map. A coherent nomenclature and the criteria for a standard study of the rec mutants are proposed.
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PMID:Genetic and enzymic studies on the recombination process in Bacillus subtilis. 1609 63

The ability of Bacillus subtilis exolectin to modulate the effect of antibiotics acting as metabolic inhibitors, which can suppress the biosynthesis of cell wall glycans (ampycillin), replication (mitomycin C) and transcription (rifampycin), have been investigated on mutants of B. subtilis. Extracellular lectin was produced by B. subtilis strains B-7014 isolated from new-born calve's intestines. It was shown that the exolectin displays affinity for to sialic and uronic acids in the decreasing order: mucin, glycuronic acid, N-acetylneuraminic acid, galacturonic acid. It was established by the diffusion method and by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) that B. subtilis exolectin had selective activity as to bacteriostatic effect of antibiotics under study. The activity depended on the antibiotic structure and on mutant genotype defective as to the state of its replication and repair system. The lectin under study had no modulating effect on ampycillin action. There was a tendency to lower the bacteriostatic effect of rifampycin on the growth of strain BD170 (rec+) with the help of exolectin. Only in the case of mitomycin C the significant modulating effect of the bacterial lectin was manifested and its dependence on the mutant genotype was shown. The mutants sensitivity to exolectin effect decreased in the order: BD293 (polC), SB25 (recP), BD224 (recE), BD170 (rec+). Revealed ability of B. subtilis exolectin to protect the action of mitomycin C on growth of mutant BD293 (polC) with defect in the enzyme-DNA polymerase III permits supposing that the process of DNA replication is the most sensitive target for the lectin. The found dependence of modulation of the mitomycin C effect by the bacterial lectin on the genotype of mutants (rec-) demonstrated that the lectin acted following a complex mechanism mediated by a replicative and reparative complex.
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PMID:[Investigation of Bacillus subtilis exolectin ability to modulate the antibiotics effect on growth of Bacillus subtilis mutants]. 1710 Mar 27

The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are located in a tandem array of about 150 repeats. Using a diploid with markers flanking and within the rDNA array, we showed that low levels of DNA polymerase alpha elevate recombination between both homologues and sister chromatids, about five-fold in mitotic cells and 30-fold in meiotic cells. This stimulation is independent of Fob1p, a protein required for the programmed replication fork block (RFB) in the rDNA. We observed that the fob1 mutation alone significantly increased meiotic, but not mitotic, rDNA recombination, suggesting a meiosis-specific role for this protein. We found that meiotic cells with low polymerase alpha had decreased Sir2p binding and increased Spo11p-catalyzed double-strand DNA breaks in the rDNA. Furthermore, meiotic crossover interference in the rDNA is absent. These results suggest that the hyper-Rec phenotypes resulting from low levels of DNA polymerase alpha in mitosis and meiosis reflect two fundamentally different mechanisms: the increased mitotic recombination is likely due to increased double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) resulting from Fob1p-independent stalled replication forks, whereas the hyper-Rec meiotic phenotype results from increased levels of Spo11-catalyzed DSBs in the rDNA.
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PMID:Low levels of DNA polymerase alpha induce mitotic and meiotic instability in the ribosomal DNA gene cluster of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1858 28

The objective of this study was to detect and characterise the biovar of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) from submandibular lymph nodes (SMLNs) and trigeminal ganglia from 153 equids undergoing routine postmortem examination for various medical and surgical reasons. A combination of nucleic acid precipitation and preamplification steps was used to increase the analytical sensitivity of the analysis. The presence of latent EHV-1 was determined when tissue samples were PCR-positive for the glycoprotein B (gB) gene and the DNA polymerase (ORF 30) gene of EHV-1 in the absence of detectable late structural protein gene (gB gene) mRNA. The SMLNs of five of the study animals (3.3 per cent) were PCR-positive for the gB gene of EHV-1. Two SMLNs carried a latent neurotropic strain of the virus, whereas three SMLNs were PCR-positive for both neurotropic and non-neurotropic EHV-1. A total of 30 trigeminal ganglia collected from 19 horses were PCR-positive for the gB gene of EHV-1. Nine trigeminal ganglia harboured either latent non-neurotropic or neurotropic EHV-1 strains. Twelve trigeminal ganglia contained both latent neurotropic and non-neurotropic EHV-1. The prevalence and distribution of EHV-1 biovars among the study horses appeared to be influenced by their breed and the type of tissue tested.
Vet Rec 2010 Sep 04
PMID:Prevalence of equine herpesvirus type 1 in trigeminal ganglia and submandibular lymph nodes of equids examined postmortem. 2081 99


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