Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase)
 34,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sigma-S and the cAMP-CRP complex are global regulatory factors involved in stationary-phase induction of large groups of genes in Escherichia coli. csiE, a gene located at 57.25 min (co-ordinate 2674) of the physical map of the E. coli chromosome, is under the control of both of these factors. Sigma-S plays a positive, though not absolutely essential, role in the expression of csiE. Regulation by cAMP-CRP has both positive and negative elements, with the latter being dependent on the presence of sigma s, whose expression is negatively influenced by cAMP-CRP. csiE has a single transcriptional start site located 33 bp upstream of the initiation codon. By a 5'-deletion approach, we show that 72 bp upstream of the csiE transcriptional start site are sufficient for regulation by sigma s and cAMP-CRP. A deletion upstream of nucleotide -38 with respect to the start site eliminates positive cAMP-CRP control and makes the remaining expression fully dependent on sigma S. Our results indicate that transcription at the csiE promoter can be initiated in vivo by sigma S-containing RNA polymerase alone as well as by sigma 70-containing RNA polymerase in conjunction with cAMP-CRP or a cAMP-CRP-dependent secondary regulator. The promoter region of poxB, the structural gene for pyruvate oxidase, which is also under the control of sigma S and cAMP-CRP, is very similar to the corresponding region of csiE, suggesting a similar regulatory mechanism also for poxB.
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PMID:Regulatory characteristics and promoter analysis of csiE, a stationary phase-inducible gene under the control of sigma S and the cAMP-CRP complex in Escherichia coli. 859 57

In this study, the phosphoproteome of Corynebacterium glutamicum, an industrially important soil bacterium of the Corynebacterium/Mycobacterium/Nocardia (CMN) group of Gram-positive bacteria, was investigated by two different detection methods: first, by in vivo radio-labeling using [(33)P]-phosphoric acid with subsequent autoradiography and second, by immunostaining with phosphoamino acid-specific monoclonal antibodies. After two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), around 60 [(33)P]-labeled protein spots were visualized and around 90 antibody-decorated protein spots detected; 31 of the protein spots were detected with both methods. By peptide mass fingerprinting, 41 different proteins were identified, namely 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase, aconitase, acyl-CoA carboxylase, acyl-CoA synthetase, ATP (synthase alpha- and beta-chain), carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, citrate synthase, cysteine synthase, DnaK, the elongation factors G, P, Ts and Tu, enolase, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, fumarase, Gap dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase I, glycine hydroxymethyltransferase, GroEL2, GTPase, heat-inducible transcriptional repressor DnaJ2, inorganic pyrophosphatase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, ketol-acid reductoisomerase, lactate dehydrogenase, leucine-tRNA ligase, lipoamide dehydrogenase, methionine synthase, O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase, pyruvate carboxylase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate oxidase, ribosomal protein S1, RNA polymerase (beta-subunit), succinyl-CoA:CoA transferase, transketolase and UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine ligase, besides a hypothetical 35k protein and a hypothetical glucose kinase. Both detection techniques were used to create a phosphoproteome map. Additionally, the influence of nitrogen deprivation on the phosphoproteome of C. glutamicum was investigated.
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PMID:Towards a phosphoproteome map of Corynebacterium glutamicum. 1292 88

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the sinonasal cavity mediated, in part, by polymicrobial communities of bacteria. Recent molecular studies have confirmed the importance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in CRS. Here, we hypothesize that interaction between S. pneumoniae and NTHi mixed-species communities cause a change in bacterial virulence gene expression. We examined CRS as a model human disease to validate these polymicrobial interactions. Clinical strains of S. pneumoniae and NTHi were grown in mono- and co-culture in a standard biofilm assay. Reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RTqPCR) was used to measure gene expression of key virulence factors. To validate these results, we investigated the presence of the bacterial RNA transcripts in excised human tissue from patients with CRS. Consequences of physical or chemical interactions between microbes were also investigated. Transcription of NTHi type IV pili was only expressed in co-culture in vitro, and expression could be detected ex vivo in diseased tissue. S. pneumoniae pyruvate oxidase was up-regulated in co-culture, while pneumolysin and pneumococcal adherence factor A were down-regulated. These results were confirmed in excised human CRS tissue. Gene expression was differentially regulated by physical contact and secreted factors. Overall, these data suggest that interactions between H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae involve physical and chemical mechanisms that influence virulence gene expression of mixed-species biofilm communities present in chronically diseased human tissue. These results extend previous studies of population-level virulence and provide novel insight into the importance of S. pneumoniae and NTHi in CRS.
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PMID:Regulation of virulence gene expression resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae interactions in chronic disease. 2216 75