Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase)
 34,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) AT(1A) receptors are localized to renomedullary interstitial cells (RMIC) in the inner stripe of the outer medulla but not in the inner medulla. Thus, there seems to be a correlation between decreases in AT(1A) receptor binding to RMIC and increases in interstitial osmolality, suggesting that osmolality is important in determining Ang II binding to RMIC. Cultured RMIC were incubated in media of differing osmolalities (330, 630, 930, and 1230 mOsm/kg H(2)O). (125)I-[Sar(1), Ile(8)] Ang II binding to AT(1A) receptors on RMIC grown in hyperosmolal media (930 mOsm/kg H(2)O) was reduced compared with isoosmolal (330 mOsm/kg H(2)O) media and was progressively reduced with further increases of osmolality. Similar studies were performed using bradykinin (BK) as a control peptide. Binding of the BK receptor ligand (125)I-[HPP-Hoe 140] to B(2) receptors was not affected by varying osmolality of the media. Reverse transcriptase-PCR demonstrated the presence of the mRNA expression for both AT(1A) and B(2) receptors at each osmolality. The conclusion is that osmolality modulates Ang II binding to RMIC; in these cells, this phenomenon is restricted to Ang II as BK binding is not affected. Osmolality-induced changes in Ang II binding may modulate the actions of this peptide on RMIC and provide an important mechanism by which these cells modulate renal medullary function.
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PMID:Angiotensin II binding to renomedullary interstitial cells is regulated by osmolality. 1118 92

The microbial enantioselective reduction of acetylpyridine derivatives was studied. Many microorganisms were found to reduce 5-acetylfuro[2,3-c]pyridine (AFP) to (S)-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)furo[2,3-c]-pyridine (FPH). Candida maris IFO10003 reduced AFP to (R)-FPH with high enantioselectivity. The microbial reduction reaction was optimized. The aeration conditions and glucose concentration affected the yield and stereoselectivity. The cells accumulated 17.5 g/l (107 mM) of (R)-FPH with a 99% yield and 97% enantiomeric excess (e.e.). A cell-free extract of C. maris accumulated 91.5 g/l (559 mM) with over 99% e.e. with enzymatic NADH regeneration. (R)-FPH is an important intermediate for the synthesis of HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, and other optically active 1-(pyridyl)ethanol derivatives are versatile chiral building blocks for asymmetric synthesis.
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PMID:Microbial enantioselective reduction of acetylpyridine derivatives. 1278 22