Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase)
 34,946 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present a modification of mRNA differential display in which increased throughput results from the use of an automated fluorescent sequencer. The sequence analysis is performed directly on purified fragments without further cloning. The amplified fragments carry a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence tag for in vitro transcription of riboprobes for nonradioactive in situ hybridization. We compared changes in gene expression in the liver and colon of group II phospholipase A2 transgenic and group II phospholipase A2 deficient mice during the course of experimental Escherichia coli infection. Fluorescent mRNA differential display comprising a 7 x 24 set of primers was used to study a total of 31,257 amplified cDNA fragments. Sequence analysis of the displayed fragments associated with infection identified classical acute-phase proteins in the liver and host defense proteins in the colon. The displayed mRNAs associated to transgenicity were the transgene itself, i.e., human group II phospholipase A2, and glutathione-S-transferase in the liver. In the colon, the displayed mRNAs associated with transgenicity were the pancreatitis-associated protein and mucin. The results show that fluorescent mRNA differential display is a reliable method to identify differences in the expression of the genes of acute-phase proteins.
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PMID:mRNA differential display of acute-phase proteins in experimental Escherichia coli infection. 1100 10

Extrahepatic cholestasis often evokes liver injury with hepatocyte apoptosis, aberrant cytokine production, and-most importantly-postoperative septic complications. To clarify the involvement of aberrant cytokine production and hepatocyte apoptosis in impaired resistance to bacterial infection in obstructive cholestasis, C57BL/6 mice or Fas-mutated lpr mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(7) colony-forming units of Escherichia coli 5 days after bile duct ligation (BDL) or sham celiotomy. Cytokine levels in sera, liver, and immune cells were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. BDL mice showed delayed clearance of E. coli in peritoneal cavity, liver, and spleen. Significantly higher levels of serum interleukin (IL) 10 with lower levels of IL-12p40 were observed in BDL mice following E. coli infection. Interferon gamma production from liver lymphocytes in BDL mice was not increased after E. coli infection either at the transcriptional or protein level. Kupffer cells from BDL mice produced low levels of IL-12p40 and high levels of IL-10 in vitro in response to lipopolysaccharide derived from E. coli. In vivo administration of anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody ameliorated the course of E. coli infection in BDL mice. Furthermore, BDL-lpr mice did not exhibit impairment in E. coli killing in association with little hepatic injury and a small amount of IL-10 production. In conclusion, increased IL-10 and reciprocally suppressed IL-12 production by Kupffer cells are responsible for deteriorated resistance to bacterial infection in BDL mice. Fas-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in cholestasis may be involved in the predominant IL-10 production by Kupffer cells.
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PMID:Kupffer cell-derived interleukin 10 is responsible for impaired bacterial clearance in bile duct-ligated mice. 1536 46

Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are assumed to be among the main agents that cause severe mastitis disease with clinical signs in dairy cattle. Rapid detection of this disease is so important in order to prevent transmission to other cows and helps to reduce inappropriate use of antibiotics. With the rapid progress in high-throughput technologies, and accumulation of various kinds of '-omics' data in public repositories, there is an opportunity to retrieve, integrate, and reanalyze these resources to improve the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases and to provide mechanistic insights into host resistance in an efficient way. Meta-analysis is a relatively inexpensive option with good potential to increase the statistical power and generalizability of single-study analysis. In the current meta-analysis research, six microarray-based studies that investigate the transcriptome profile of mammary gland tissue after induced mastitis by E. coli infection were used. This meta-analysis not only reinforced the findings in individual studies, but also several novel terms including responses to hypoxia, response to drug, anti-apoptosis and positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter enriched by up-regulated genes. Finally, in order to identify the small sets of genes that are sufficiently informative in E. coli mastitis, the differentially expressed gene introduced by meta-analysis were prioritized by using ten different attribute weighting algorithms. Twelve meta-genes were detected by the majority of attribute weighting algorithms (with weight above 0.7) as most informative genes including CXCL8 (IL8), NFKBIZ, HP, ZC3H12A, PDE4B, CASP4, CXCL2, CCL20, GRO1(CXCL1), CFB, S100A9, and S100A8. Interestingly, the results have been demonstrated that all of these genes are the key genes in the immune response, inflammation or mastitis. The Decision tree models efficiently discovered the best combination of the meta-genes as bio-signature and confirmed that some of the top-ranked genes -ZC3H12A, CXCL2, GRO, CFB- as biomarkers for E. coli mastitis (with the accuracy 83% in average). This research properly indicated that by combination of two novel data mining tools, meta-analysis and machine learning, increased power to detect most informative genes that can help to improve the diagnosis and treatment strategies for E. coli associated with mastitis in cattle.
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PMID:Integration of machine learning and meta-analysis identifies the transcriptomic bio-signature of mastitis disease in cattle. 2947 Apr 89