Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1) gene encodes a serine protease which was found to be down-regulated in breast cancer. There is evidence that NES1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer cells. To further understand its role in breast tumorigenesis, we investigated the effect of estrogens, androgens, and progestins on NES1 gene expression, in the breast cancer cell line BT-474, at the transcription level. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method was used to monitor changes in the NES1 mRNA. Our experiments showed that NES1 gene expression is up-regulated promptly in response to 17 beta-estradiol, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and norgestrel stimulation. NES1 gene mRNA started to increase 2 hours after estradiol stimulation and 8 hours after DHT stimulation. The stimulation of NES1 by estradiol can be dramatically blocked by the estrogen antagonists ICI 182,780 and 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Mifepristone (a synthetic antiprogestin) can partially block the up-regulation of the NES1 gene by norgestrel. Dose-response experiments indicated that the lowest stimulatory concentration of 17 beta-estradiol, DHT, and norgestrel is 10(-11) M, 10(-10) M, and 10(-10) M, respectively. The production of NES1 mRNA increased coordinately with increasing concentration of the stimulants. These results suggest that the NES1 gene is primarily regulated by estrogen, but also by androgen and progestin in the breast cancer cell line BT-474. It appears that NES1 may be involved in a pathway that counter balances the action of estrogens and androgens in steroid hormone responsive tissues.
 ...
PMID:The normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1) gene is up-regulated by steroid hormones in the breast carcinoma cell line BT-474. 1081 Mar 85

The normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1) gene (official name kallikrein gene 10; KLK10) is a new member of the expanding human kallikrein gene family and encodes for a secreted serine protease. Experimental evidence suggests that NES1 controls normal cell growth and may function as a tumour suppressor. NES1 is down-regulated during breast cancer progression. The NES1 gene is highly expressed in testicular as well as in other tissues. In this study, we investigated the expression level of the NES1 gene in cancerous and normal testicular tissues with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. In all 14 primary testicular germ-cell tumours examined, the NES1 gene expression was markedly reduced compared to adjacent (paired) normal tissues. We further examined 6 randomly selected primary germ-cell tumours and 8 normal tissues (obtained from different individuals). We confirmed the differential expression of the NES1 gene in germ-cell tumours (GCT) and pre-malignant carcinoma in situ (CIS). Our findings suggest that NES1 may act as a tumour suppressor and may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of this malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Expression of the normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1; KLK10) candidate tumour suppressor gene in normal and malignant testicular tissue. 1146 Oct 80