Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A rapid, efficient and inexpensive method was developed to concentrate poliovirus type 1 (PV1), rotavirus (RV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) from artificially spiked samples of tap and surface water. The method consists of adsorbing the viruses to silicon dioxide (SiO2) in the presence of 0.5 mM AlCl3 and adjustment of the pH to 3.5. The silica-adsorbed virus was collected by low speed centrifugation. Viral RNA was then extracted with guanidium thiocyanate (GT), and environmental nucleases and inhibitors of reverse transcriptase and Taq polymerase were further eliminated from concentrates by sequential treatment with GT, ethanol and acetone. Subsequent RT-PCR allowed the detection of as few as 1 to 10 TCID50 of PV1, RV, and HAV in seeded 1 liter samples of tap water. The same protocol was then used with effluents from two local sewage treatment plants. These samples, found to be free of HAV, were most commonly contaminated with enteroviruses and rotaviruses. Addition of 1000 TCID50 of HAV, PV1 or RV to a second 1 liter sample, taken at the same time from the corresponding surface waters allowed detection of the input virus without discernible inhibition by amplification inhibitors. The newly established method seems amenable to scaling up and promising for virus monitoring in different water types. The method is rapid and results can be obtained within 24 to 36 hours.
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PMID:Use of silica as a carrier to recover and prepare waterborne enteric viruses for detection by RT-PCR. 963 82

The aim of this study was to survey on the presence and distribution of rotavirus in sewage treatment plants (STPs) and surface water samples in Beijing. Also, the rotavirus removal efficacies of wastewater treatment processes in three STPs were discussed. SiO2 was used to concentrate rotavirus particles from environmental water samples. A reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR) method was used for detection of rotavirus. Rotavirus could be detected from almost all samples collected from STP waters (10/10 influents, 100%; 10/10 secondary effluents, 100%; 9/10 reclaimed effluents, 90%) and river waters (14/14 samples, 100%), and from some lake waters (37/45 samples, 82.2%), canal waters (7/22 samples, 31.8%), as well as wetland waters near drinking water resource (5/26 samples, 19.2%). Our results showed that rotaviruses were widely distributed in different types of waters in Beijing during sampling period. Sewage treatment processes in STPs were not efficient to eliminate rotavirus, which may lead to its spread to surface waters from August to January. This study highlights the interest to detect rotaviruses from water samples in big cities, where many gastroenteritis outbreaks occur each year in China and the results necessitate the further study on monitoring rotavirus in source drinking water.
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PMID:Detection and distribution of rotavirus in municipal sewage treatment plants (STPs) and surface water in Beijing. 1827 49