Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

High glucose concentration has been shown to induce the overexpression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 mRNA and protein in different cell types, including murine mesangial cells, thus possibly accounting for the expansion of mesangial extracellular matrix observed in diabetic glomerulopathy. In the present study, we evaluated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-chain and PDGF-beta receptor gene expression in human mesangial cells (HMCs) exposed to different concentrations of glucose and then sought a possible relationship between a PDGF loop and the modulation of TGF-beta 1 expression. HMC [3H]thymidine incorporation was upregulated by 30 mmol/L glucose (HG) up to 24 hours, whereas it was significantly inhibited at later time points. Neutralizing antibodies to PDGF BB abolished the biphasic response to HG, whereas anti-TGF-beta antibodies reversed only the late inhibitory effect of hyperglycemic medium. HG induced an early and persistent increase of PDGF B-chain gene expression, as evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, whereas PDGF-beta receptor mRNA increased by twofold after 6 hours, thereafter declining at levels 70% lower than in controls after 24 hours. 125I-Labeled PDGF BB binding studies in HMCs exposed to HG for 24 hours confirmed the decrease of PDGF-beta receptor expression. TGF-beta 1-specific transcripts showed 43 and 78% increases after 24 and 48 hours of incubation in HG, respectively, which was markedly diminished by anti-PDGF BB neutralizing antibodies or suramin. We conclude that HG induces an early activation of a PDGF loop that, in turn, causes an increase of TGF-beta 1 gene expression, thus modulating both HMC proliferation and mesangial matrix production.
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PMID:High glucose concentration induces the overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta through the activation of a platelet-derived growth factor loop in human mesangial cells. 895 42

To assess the chronic in vivo effects of OPC-21268, a vasopressin-V1 receptor antagonist, on renal injury, we investigated the mRNA expressions of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-chain, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the glomeruli of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) treated with OPC-21268 for 3 weeks. SHR aged 10 weeks were given 2% NaCl in drinking water for 3 weeks. The OPC group was fed a 0.5% OPC-21268-containing diet for 3 weeks and the control group was given a normal diet. There were no significant changes in the time course of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, urine volume, or urinary sodium, protein and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion between the two groups. Serum electrolytes, protein and creatinine levels also did not differ between the groups. The mRNA expressions of PDGF B-chain, TGF-beta1 and PCNA in the glomerulus were examined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. The mRNA expressions of PDGF B-chain and PCNA among these were significantly suppressed in the OPC group. No significant differences in renal histology including the organ weights were found between the two groups; however, the glomerular size tended to be enlarged in the OPC group. These findings suggest that chronic V1-receptor blockade directly inhibits the glomerular proliferative injury of salt-loaded SHR at the established hypertension stage.
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PMID:Effects of OPC-21268, a vasopressin V1-receptor antagonist, on expression of growth factors from glomeruli in spontaneously hypertensive rats. 965 81