Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The WT1 gene is highly expressed in various types of leukemia, particularly in acute type leukemia. The extent of minimal residual disease (MRD) of leukemia can be evaluated by measuring the WT1 gene expression level using a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. The WT1 transcript assay can be applied to almost all patients with leukemia regardless of the presence or absence of chimeric DNA markers. Furthermore, because of the fact that WT1 expression levels increase significantly at relapse compared with those at the time of diagnosis, and because of the decrease in background levels of WT1 expression in bone marrow following allogeneic SCT, the WT1 transcript assay possesses a high degree of sensitivity following allogeneic SCT. Frequent monitoring of the WT1 gene expression level predicts the risk of relapse following allogeneic SCT, and furthermore, the kinetics of WT1 transcripts predict the efficacy of immunomodulation therapy such as donor leukocyte infusion.
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PMID:WT1 gene transcript assay for relapse in acute leukemia after transplantation. 1522 32

Cellular responses of STC-1 cells to two bitter tastants (denatonium and caffeine) were investigated using a calcium-imaging technique and compared with the response to bombesin. Caffeine is known to stimulate taste receptor cells, but the properties of its signaling have not been well studied. STC-1 cells responded to all three molecules in a dose-dependent manner, and when a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for denatonium receptor was performed, the product of predicted size was detected in STC-1 cells. Furthermore, all three signaling pathways were blocked by a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, demonstrating the essential involvement of PLC in cellular responses. To study the regulatory system of G protein signaling in STC-1 cells, we searched G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) by the degenerate-primer PCR method and found that GRK2 is expressed. We also demonstrated that three GRKs (GRK2, GRK3 and GRK5) are differentially distributed in the circumvallate papilla while only GRK2 is present in taste bud cells. Finally, we overexpressed GRK2 in SCT-1 cells and found that bombesin-induced response was strongly inhibited by GRK2 but denatonium-activated signaling was not affected. In the case of caffeine, response was decreased by expression of GRK2 only when cells were activated by 1 mM caffeine. Thus, we showed that STC-1 cells emerge as a cell model for studying the molecular mechanism of bitter taste signaling, and could indicate properties of caffeine-induced signaling in comparison with other signaling.
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PMID:Characterization of bitter taste responses of intestinal STC-1 cells. 1574 96