Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Angiogenesis or the development of new blood vessels from the surrounding vasculature is essential for the growth and progression of solid tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a positive regulator of angiogenesis, plays a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis and shows a high expression in almost all known tumors, including transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. A novel isoform, VEGF(165)b containing a novel exon 9, was recently identified in renal cell carcinoma and was shown to be down-regulated and inhibitory in nature. We aimed to analyze quantitatively expression of this isoform, VEGF(165)b, in TCC of the bladder and compare it to the benign part of the same organ. A real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction protocol was set up to quantitate simultaneously the messenger ribonucleic acid levels of VEGF and VEGF(165)b from 34 clinical samples representing bladder cancer and matched benign tissue. Expression of VEGF(165)b showed a >or=3.0-fold change in 27 of 34 (79%) bladder tumors than the benign samples. Increased expression of VEGF(165)b was seen in superficial tumors as compared to invasive tumors, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Therefore, VEGF(165)b was up-regulated in TCC of the bladder.
 ...
PMID:Differential expression of vascular endothelial growth factor165b in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. 1762 98

The ability of cancer cells to promote angiogenesis has been associated with a transition from a micrometastatic phenotype to a state in which large solid metastases can form. We describe a case of metastatic melanoma that presented with large numbers of circulating tumor cells and tissue infiltration without large solid metastases. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to study the expression of melanoma tumor markers in circulating tumor cells. A tumor cell line was established from the patient and analyzed for adhesion molecule expression, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, and the ability to inhibit solid tumor formation by other melanoma cells implanted as a xenograft. Examination of the circulating tumor cells confirmed they were of melanoma origin. Analysis of the tumor cell line obtained from this patient demonstrated intact expression of alpha and beta integrins but poor production of vascular endothelial growth factor, and also the ability to inhibit solid tumor formation of third-party melanoma tumors, suggesting a strong antiangiogenic activity. Our results indicate that lethal metastatic melanoma can occur even if tumor angiogenesis is defective, an observation that has implications for potential limits of antiangiogenic therapies.
 ...
PMID:Melanoma presenting as circulating tumor cells associated with failed angiogenesis. 1862 15


<< Previous 1 2