Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of a biphasic synovial sarcoma, arising on the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall of a 13-year-old girl, is reported. Although the tumor showed rather typical histological and immunohistochemical features for synovial sarcoma, its unusual clinical presentation and anatomical location caused diagnostic difficulty, especially with regard to differentiation from a malignant mesothelioma. Applying reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, the SYT-SSX2 chimeric gene transcripts that result from the translocation, t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2), found in most synovial sarcomas could be demonstrated. Thus, this RT-PCR approach is a reliable method for confirming the diagnosis of synovial sarcomas in unusual locations.
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PMID:Biphasic synovial sarcoma of the peritoneal cavity with t(X;18) demonstrated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. 931 Oct 17

Mesothelial cells are of mesenchymal origin, although they also have epithelial characteristics. Such cells obtained from benign effusions are not terminally differentiated and can be kept in short-term cultures. These cultures grow with an either epithelial or fibroblast-like phenotype, a pattern which is stable through the early passages. Several factors have been associated with mesothelial differentiation. The Wilms' tumour susceptibility gene 1 (WT1) is expressed during transitions of mesenchyme to epithelial tissues, as in the embryonic kidney, and it has been suggested as a marker for the mesothelial lineage. The proteoglycans (PGs) and hyaluronan are also differentially synthesised by epithelial and fibroblastic malignant mesothelioma cells and the cell surface PGs seem to indicate phenotypic differentiation even in epithelial tumours. To investigate how the epithelial and fibroblast-like differentiation of benign mesothelial cells was correlated to WT1, PGs and hyaluronan synthase, we studied their expression by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses. The expressions of these genes were all associated with a variation in phenotypic differentiation. Cell lines with epithelial morphology expressed more mRNA coding for WT1 and cell surface PGs than did the fibroblastic ones, the difference being greatest for syndecan-4 and glypican. The increase in WT1-associated mRNA was about as great as that of syndecans. Fibroblast-like cells, on the other hand, expressed substantially more of the matrix PGs versican and biglycan, while decorin expression was detected in only trace amounts in both morphological phenotypes. Hyaluronan synthase varied individually between the cell lines, although epithelial cells often expressed higher levels. The results indicate that the regulation of mesothelial differentiation is multifactorial and also involves WT1 and several PGs.
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PMID:Expression of genes coding for proteoglycans and Wilms' tumour susceptibility gene 1 (WT1) by variously differentiated benign human mesothelial cells. 1055 May 42

As there are currently no absolute immunohistochemical positive markers for the definite diagnosis of malignant epithelioid mesothelioma, the identification of additional "positive" markers that may facilitate this diagnosis becomes of clinical importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify novel positive markers of malignant mesothelioma. Whole genome gene expression analysis was performed using RNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of epithelioid mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Gene expression analysis revealed that disabled homolog 2 (DAB2) and Intelectin-1 had significantly higher expression in epithelioid mesothelioma compared with that in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The increased mRNA expression of DAB2 and Intelectin-1 was validated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of RNA from tumor tissue and protein expression was validated by Western blotting of 5 mesothelioma cell lines. The utility of DAB2 and Intelectin-1 in the differential diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma was examined by an immunohistochemical study of 75 cases of epithelioid mesothelioma and 67 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The positive rates of DAB2 and Intelectin-1 expression in epithelioid mesothelioma were 80.0% and 76.0%, respectively, and 3.0% and 0%, respectively, in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the sensitivity and specificity of DAB2 was 80% and 97% and those of Intelectin-1 were 76% and 100% for differentiation of epithelioid mesothelioma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, DAB2 and Intelectin-1 are newly identified positive markers of mesothelioma and have potential to be included in future immunohistochemical marker panels for differentiation of epithelioid mesothelioma from pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Identification of DAB2 and Intelectin-1 as Novel Positive Immunohistochemical Markers of Epithelioid Mesothelioma by Transcriptome Microarray Analysis for Its Differentiation From Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma. 2839 2