Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.49 (reverse transcriptase)
 31,746 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infantile myofibromatosis (IM) is a distinctive mesenchymal disorder with different clinical forms, including solitary, multicentric, and generalized with visceral involvement. A wide morphologic spectrum is encountered, with the extremes resembling congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIFS) and infantile hemangiopericytoma. We report a series of lesions with mixed features of CIFS and IM and compare them in order to further define their clinicopathologic features and the significance of the so-called composite fibromatosis. Seven lesions with unusual overlapping morphologic "composite" features of both IM and CIFS were selected from a series of 106 myofibroblastic lesions. Three cases classified as composite infantile myofibromatoses (COIM) were highly cellular tumors with a diffuse growth of primitive mesenchymal cells and focal features of IM combined with areas resembling infantile fibrosarcoma (IF). Four cases were classified as IF. Three of these exhibited a biphasic pattern with foci resembling IM, including whorls of primitive and spindle cells and perivascular and intravascular projections of myofibroblastic nodules, and the 4th had a close histologic resemblance to a primitive, immature IM. With reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, the ETV6-NTRK3 transcript was absent in 3 COIM and was detected in 3 CIFS; the other CIFS had typical cytogenetic aberrations. On the basis of currently available information, COIM represents a morphologic variant of IM that can mimic IF. Careful histologic evaluation to detect the typical features of IM is essential to avoid classification as IF. Molecular analysis for the ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion is an important diagnostic tool in this group of lesions.
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PMID:Morphologic Overlap between Infantile Myofibromatosis and Infantile Fibrosarcoma: A Pitfall in Diagnosis. 1900 26

Synovial sarcoma arises in the para-articular tissues, and it can also occur in various unexpected sites. We report a rare case of primary monophasic synovial sarcoma (MSS) arising in the mesentery. A 59-year-old man presented with a palpable abdominal mass. On microscopic examination, the entire tumor comprised a dense proliferation of the spindle cells without epithelial components. The tumor cells were positive for transducin-like enhancer of split 1, bcl-2, epithelial membrane antigen and CD99 but negative for CD34, CD117, alpha-smooth muscle actin, cytokeratin, and calretinin on immunohistochemistry. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed a single 151-bp fragment representing the SYT-SSX2 fusion transcript. Because mesenteric MSS is extremely rare and many cases display histologic findings that overlap with those of more frequently involved tumors such as hemangiopericytoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor, there is a chance of making an incorrect diagnosis that can result in an inappropriate treatment.
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PMID:Primary Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma Arising in the Mesentery: Case Report of an Extremely Rare Mesenteric Sarcoma Confirmed by Molecular Detection of a SYT-SSX2 Fusion Transcript. 2310 99

Hypophosphatemia with osteomalacia may be due to a neoplasm that produces fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), which inhibits phosphate reabsorption in the kidneys. Most of these tumors occur in bone or soft tissue and occasionally in the head, although intracranial occurrence is very rare. This report describes a tumor that caused hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia and was located entirely in the right anterior cranial fossa. Radiologically, the tumor resembled a meningioma; histologically, it was a low-grade phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, mixed connective tissue variant (PMTMCT). After gross-total resection, the patient's symptoms abated and laboratory values normalized. The authors also studied another PMTMCT initially diagnosed as a hemangiopericytoma that involved the left anterior cranial fossa and ethmoid sinus, and reviewed reports of 6 other intracranial tumors that induced osteomalacia, 3 entirely in the anterior cranial fossa, 2 involving the anterior cranial fossa and ethmoid sinus, and 1 in the cavernous sinus. In older children or adults who have hypophosphatemia with osteomalacia and no personal or family history of metabolic, renal, or malabsorptive disease, a neoplasm should be suspected and an imaging workup that includes the brain is warranted, with particular attention to the anterior cranial fossa. Additionally, because there are some overlapping histological features between PMTMCTs and hemangiopericytomas, it may be helpful to assess tumoral FGF-23 expression by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemical analysis in patients with oncogenic osteomalacia from an intracranial tumor diagnosed as, or resembling, hemangiopericytoma.
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PMID:Intracranial phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors: report of 2 cases. 2335 Jul 80

We report the case of a 51-year-old Japanese man with an intracranial dedifferentiated solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) identified morphologically and immunohistochemically, comprised of a typical SFT/HPC with a high-grade pleomorphic component. NAB2-STAT6 fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in both the conventional and high-grade components. The tumor cells in both components showed the nuclear expression of STAT6 protein, indicating the diagnostic value of these examinations. Intracranial dedifferentiated SFT/HPC is a very rare but important differential diagnosis in intracranial pleomorphic tumors.
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PMID:A case of intracranial solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma with dedifferentiated component. 2551 14

Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate biological potential. Herein, we describe the radiological, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features of an SFT arising in the left thigh of a 55-year-old woman. Magnetic resonance imaging exhibited a well-defined mass with intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted sequences and heterogeneous high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences showed strong homogeneous enhancement of the mass. A prominent vascular pedicle was visible. Integrated positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated a moderate 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake (maximum standardized uptake value, 4.45) in the mass. Following an open biopsy, wide excision of the tumor was performed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a proliferation of spindle cells in a fibrous stroma with focal hyalinization. Thin-walled branching hemangiopericytoma-like vessels were observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) but negative for CD34. The MIB-1 labeling index was less than 5%. Subsequent reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis identified a nerve growth factor inducible-A binding protein 2-STAT6 gene fusion. Our case supports the utility of STAT6 immunohistochemistry as an adjunct in the diagnosis of soft-tissue SFT with loss of CD34 positivity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the FDG PET/CT findings of soft-tissue SFT.
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PMID:FDG PET/CT and MR imaging of CD34-negative soft-tissue solitary fibrous tumor with NAB2-STAT6 fusion gene. 2566 82