Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.48 (transcriptase)
 9,479 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The existence of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) on lymphocytes remains controversial. We attempted to show the existence of nAChR on murine lymphocytes. The intraperitoneal injection of nicotine induced the lymphocytosis in the spleen on day 3. Although freshly isolated lymphocytes bound small quantities of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha BuTx), they began to bind alpha BuTx after incubation in medium. In contrast to granulocytes, various lymphocyte subsets obtained from various lymphoid organs were found to bind alpha BuTx. Affinity purification of alpha BuTx-binding protein revealed that lymphocytes expressed the same nAChR molecules as those of muscle. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that lymphocytes expressed the alpha-subunit mRNA of nAChR. These results suggest that lymphocytes carry nAChR on the surface and are stimulated directly via their nAChR by parasympathetic nerve stimuli.
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PMID:Identification of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on lymphocytes in the periphery as well as thymus in mice. 941 27

Skeletal muscle involvement can occur at all stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and may represent the first manifestation of the disease. Myopathies in HIV-infected patients are classified as follows: (1) HIV-associated myopathies and related conditions, including HIV polymyositis, inclusion-body myositis, nemaline myopathy, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS), HIV-wasting syndrome, vasculitic processes, myasthenic syndromes, and chronic fatigue; (2) muscle complications of antiretroviral therapy, including zidovudine and toxic mitochondrial myopathies related to other nucleoside-analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome, and immune restoration syndrome related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); (3) opportunistic infections and tumor infiltrations of skeletal muscle; and (4) rhabdomyolysis. Introduction of HAART has dramatically modified the natural history of HIV disease by controlling viral replication, but, in turn, lengthening of the survival of HIV-infected individuals has been associated with an increasing prevalence of iatrogenic conditions.
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PMID:Skeletal muscle involvement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). 1590 90

We report the case of a 49-year-old man who experienced dry cough and itching eruption for 2 months. The patient had Gottoron's sign, mechanic's hand, and high levels of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and surfactant protein D, but was negative for anti-aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase antibodies. High-resolution chest computed tomography revealed subpleural band-like or patchy consolidation with predominance in the bilateral lower lobe. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed increased total cell counts with lymphocytosis. Video-assisted thoracic surgery specimens were consistent with fibrocellular non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) accompanied by accumulation of lymph follicles within fibrosis. After combination therapy with prednisolone and cyclosporin A, his clinical symptoms improved gradually. Finally, an anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody was detected. No relapse of the disease has been observed for 2 years. This is the first reported case in which anti-MDA5 antibody-positive clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis associated with fibrocellular NSIP characterized by subacute onset was found to have favourable prognosis.
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PMID:Fibrocellular non-specific interstitial pneumonia with favourable prognosis in clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis. 2812 33