Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.7.48 (transcriptase)
 9,479 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Some natural and glycon-modified dNTPs with beta,gamma-pyrophosphate substitution at the triphosphate residue were synthesized and studied to evaluate the effect of these modifications on substrate properties of dNTPs in DNA synthesis catalyzed by human placental DNA polymerases alpha and beta, avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase, and calf thymus terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Reverse transcriptase proved to be the enzyme least specific to such modifications; the substrate activity of beta,gamma-methylenediphosphonate substituted dTTP and 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-dTTP decreased in the following order: CF2 = CHF > CBr2 > CFMe >> CH2. This order is individual for each DNA polymerase. It is interesting to mention that beta,gamma-CBr2 substituted dTTP is neither a substrate nor an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta. This specificity distinguishes DNA polymerase beta from other DNA polymerases studied.
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PMID:Effect of triphosphate modifications in 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates on their specificity towards various DNA polymerases. 923 75

The expression and immunoreactivity of endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) were examined in the renal tissue of rats with experimental congestive heart failure (CHF). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that ECE mRNA was more abundant (about twofold) in the renal medulla than in the cortex. Induction of heart failure caused a significant enhancement in the expression of this key enzyme in the renal cortex of rats with compensated CHF (delta + 28%) and in animals with decompensated heart failure (delta + 58%). An identical trend was also observed in the renal medulla, although these increases were moderate compared to those in the cortex. Similar findings were observed with Western blot techniques applying two monoclonal antibodies to rat ECE (AEC32-236 and AEC27-121). Taken together, these data suggest that upregulation of ECE is an important component in the activated renal ET system in CHF.
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PMID:Renal endothelin-converting enzyme in rats with congestive heart failure. 959 92

A recent report has shown that in vitro the RAMP2/CRLR complex is a functional adrenomedullin receptor in human endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. However, in vivo, it is well known that CGRP receptors are expressed in human coronary arteries and that a beneficial effect is observed in patients after CGRP infusion of patients with congestive cardiac failure. This contrast may be explained by the in vivo impregnation of major hormones, so we have tested if glucocorticoids were able in vitro to enhance the expression of the RAMP1/CRLR expression leading to functional CGRP receptors. The expression of RAMP1, RAMP2, CRLR, and adrenomedullin was evaluated by semiquantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using (33)P in human coronary arteries vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) cultured in the presence of dexamethasone. Under basal conditions, the CRLR mRNA was expressed, but RAMP2 mRNA was clearly more abundant than RAMP1 mRNA. Increases in CRLR and RAMP1 mRNA expressions occurred 4 h after treatment of VSMC with 10(-7) M dexamethasone and no change was found for RAMP2 mRNA. Adrenomedullin mRNA increased later, i.e., 8 and 16 h after dexamethasone treatment. The RAMP1 mRNA expression was elevated with doses of dexamethasone ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M, thus a 5-fold increase in the ratio between RAMP1 and RAMP2 was observed with the lowest dose of dexamethasone and a 2-fold rise at 10(-7) M. CRLR mRNA levels were half-reduced with the two lowest doses of dexamethasone (10(-10) and 10(-9) M), but increased from 10(-8) to 10(-7) M. Thus, we suggest that, in vivo, glucocorticoids are involved in the expression of CGRP receptors by human coronary VSMC.
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PMID:Dexamethasone increases RAMP1 and CRLR mRNA expressions in human vascular smooth muscle cells. 1077 50