Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.7.48 (transcriptase)
 9,479 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enteroviruses generally cause mild and self-limited diseases, but they have been found to affect neonates much differently, and often more severely than older children. Clinical manifestations are difficult to differentiate from those of bacterial sepsis, such as fever, poor feeding, lethargy, respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Severe life threatening complications, including hepatic necrosis with coagulopathy, meningoencephalitis and myocarditis, usually present during the first week of life. Factors affecting severity and outcome include virus serotype, mode of transmission, and presence or absence of passively acquired, serotype-specific maternal antibodies. Echoviruses and coxsackievirus B viruses are most common serotypes associated with the neonatal sepsis. An awareness of the clinical syndromes, recognition of the risk factors and monitoring parameters associated with severe cases and use of rapid reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test for viral load may help physicians in diagnosing severe cases in a timely manner. Prompt aggressive treatment including early intravenous immunoglobulin treatment may help in reducing morbidity and mortality. Enterovirus infections in neonates are common and should be routinely considered in the differential diagnosis of febrile neonates, particularly during enterovirus season. This article provides an overview of what is known about non-polio enteroviruses in neonates including epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
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PMID:Enteroviral infection in neonates. 3160 72

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has substantially disrupted many processes of care related to emergency cardiac conditions, while there has been no clinical guidance regarding the management of type A aortic dissection. A retrospective multicenter study involving 52 consecutive patients (mean age 52.3, 28.9% women) with type A aortic dissection during COVID-19 pandemic was conducted at tertiary aortic centers in Michigan, Wuhan and Changsha (China). Twenty-four (46.2%) were considered clinically suspicious for COVID-19 based on radiographic lung lesions (70.8%) followed by dyspnea (25.0%), cough (12.5%), and fever (12.5%). Overall, 47 (90.4%) underwent an operation and 5 (9.6%) managed nonoperatively. All suspected patients underwent a reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction at arrival, whereas 82.1% in the nonsuspected (P = 0.054). Among the 24 patients either nonoperatively managed or whose operation was delayed for >24 hours, only 1 (4.2%) died. A total of 3 (6.4%) operated patients had a positive reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction at various timings, including 1 nonsuspected patient preoperatively and 2 with very recent COVID-19 infection. The first patient died of respiratory failure despite uneventful surgical repair and maximal medical management. The postoperative course of both patients with recent COVID-19 was characterized by severe coagulopathy requiring massive transfusions and prolonged ICU stay. However, both survived to hospital discharge. In light of the possible dismal outcomes associated with dual diagnoses of type A aortic dissection/COVID-19 and the higher-than-expected number of asymptomatic carriers, all type A dissection patients should be immediately tested for COVID-19. Surgical interventions in patients recovered from recent COVID-19 may be safe.
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PMID:Type A Aortic Dissection During COVID-19 Pandemic: Report From Tertiary Aortic Centers in the United States and China. 3317 Dec 43