Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.12.2 (MEK)
 18,161 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using an activated carbon felt (ACF, KF-1600), the applicability of an ACF passive sampler in monitoring organic vapors was evaluated. The evaluated results of the ACF passive sampler were compared with those of a 3 M (Model 3500) passive sampler. At low-humidity condition (8 +/- 3% RH), the sampling rates of the ACF passive sampler for volatile organic vapors were within the range of +/-25% from the results of a charcoal tube, which was the reference method recommended by NIOSH. However, at high humidity condition (90 +/- 5% RH), even though the sampling rates for toluene, MIBK, and PCE were within the range of +/-25%, the sampling rates of ACF sampler for n-hexane and MEK decreased steeply with time after being high at the beginning of the exposure time. Under this condition, the sampling rate of the 3 M passive sampler for MEK was also high at the beginning of the exposure time. In case of the ACF passive sampler, the sampling rates of the relatively strong adsorbates such as toluene, MIBK, and PCE were much less affected by humidity than those of n-hexane and MEK which were weak adsorbates.
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PMID:Evaluation of an activated carbon felt passive sampler in monitoring organic vapors. 924 26

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are composed of MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs), MAPK kinases (MAPKKs), and MAPKs. In this study, we characterize components of a MAPK cascade in Neurospora crassa (mik-1, MAPKKK; mek-1, MAPKK; and mak-1, MAPK) homologous to that controlling cell wall integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Growth of basal hyphae is significantly reduced in mik-1, mek-1, and mak-1 deletion mutants on solid medium. All three mutants formed short aerial hyphae and the formation of asexual macroconidia was reduced in Deltamik-1 mutants and almost abolished in Deltamek-1 and Deltamak-1 strains. In contrast, the normally rare asexual spores, arthroconidia, were abundant in cultures of the three mutants. Deltamik-1, Deltamek-1, and Deltamak-1 mutants were unable to form protoperithecia or perithecia when used as females in a sexual cross. The MAK-1 MAPK was not phosphorylated in Deltamik-1 and Deltamek-1 mutants, consistent with the involvement of MIK-1, MEK-1, and MAK-1 in the same signaling cascade. Interestingly, we observed increased levels of mRNA and protein for tyrosinase in the mutants under nitrogen starvation, a condition favoring sexual differentiation. Tyrosinase is an enzyme that catalyzes production of the secondary metabolite l-DOPA melanin. These results implicate the MAK-1 pathway in regulation of development and secondary metabolism in filamentous fungi.
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PMID:Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade required for regulation of development and secondary metabolism in Neurospora crassa. 1884 72