Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.11.8 (FAST)
 758 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Omeprazole and three of its metabolites, the sulfone (H 168/66), the sulfide (H 168/22) and the hydroxy metabolite (H 195/80), are determined in plasma and urine by liquid chromatographic methods. The compounds are extracted from the biological sample and the extract is subjected to liquid chromatographic separation, either directly or after evaporation of the organic solvent and dissolution in a polar phase. The effluent from the column is UV-monitored at 302 nm and the quantitative evaluation performed by electronic integrator. Both a method with manual sample work-up and automatic injection and a fully automated system, Technicon FAST-LC, have been employed for the analyses. More than 25 000 samples have been assayed so far by these two methods.
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PMID:Determination of omeprazole and metabolites in plasma and urine. 385 77

Prick skin testing and IgE FASTTM results were compared in eight atopic patients, using a comparable class system. Identical results were found in 53.5% of the cases; a total of 85.7% of the results were within one class difference. Sera from 436 patients were assayed for specific IgE to 94 allergens for a total of 436 test comparisons using IgE FASTTM and modified RAST. Identical results were found in 41.7% of cases; a total of 81.4% of the tests differed by one class or less. The IgE FAST showed good correlation both with prick testing and modified RAST. IgE FAST appears to be a valid non-radioactive, time-efficient method for detecting specific IgE to common inhalant and environmental allergens.
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PMID:Correlation of allergy test results obtained by IgE FAST, RAST, and prick-puncture methods. 388 Oct 59

It is possible to treat vertebral disc hernias by chemonucleolysis because of the enzymatic properties of chymopapain extracted from Carica papaya. But, 1% of the general population would seem to have a latent sensitivity to this protein, and would thus be at risk of presenting life-threatening anaphylactic shock. Recent clinical studies have identified different risk factors: atopy, previous food and drug allergies. A case is here reported of a 35 year old woman with a history of urticaria following anti-tetanus serum and penicillin injections, who frequently ate exotic fruit, and who was intolerant to alcohol. HBDT and prick tests confirmed both drug allergies. A prick test to chymopapain 1 mg X ml-1 gave a borderline result; the HBDT was positive, with 45% degranulation. Both these tests had been previously assessed by a study of 20 volunteers in good general health: negative prick tests in all 20, and negative HBDT in 19 out of the 20, with chymopapain concentrations ranging from 10 micrograms X ml-1 to 1 micrograms X ml-1. The one volunteer with a positive HBDT probably had latent sensitivity to the enzyme. The great sensitivity of both prick tests and HBDT in detecting IgE specific for food proteins is recalled. It is suggested that a routine predictive immuno-allergological assessment be carried out, with prick tests to the standard airbone allergens (to find a possible atopy), and a prick-test with 1 mg X ml-1 chymopapain, and a HBDT to the enzyme. A sample of serum should be kept for possible RAST and FAST carried out later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Allergy to chymopapain: value of predictive tests before chemonucleolysis]. 389 37

The development of FAST is of great importance to clinicians in identifying possibly remediable complications of Alzheimer's disease and distinguishing them from the characteristic progression of the illness. Premature loss of speech in an otherwise uncomplicated Alzheimer's-type presentation should lead the clinician to strongly suspect focal cerebral pathology, especially cerebral infarction.
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PMID:Dementia: a systematic approach to identifying reversible causes. 394 65

An IgE FAST(TM) inhibition protocol has been developed as a rapid in vitro method for determining relative potencies of in vivo allergenic extracts. Results are obtained within one day and correlate well with those of the RAST inhibition protocol (r = .96), making the FAST assay a preferable procedure for inprocess potency determination during the manufacture of standardized allergenic extracts.
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PMID:IgE FAST inhibition: a rapid technique for the standardization of pollen allergen extract potency. 395 62

Comprehensive recommendations are presented for conducting sound field audiometry with frequency specific stimuli. These recommendations are primarily based on a series of investigations by the authors. The rationale for each recommendation is presented, together with a brief overview of the supporting research. The preferred stimuli are frequency modulation tones, triangularly or sinusoidally modulated at a rate of about 20 Hz, or suitably generated narrow bands of noise. The optimal bandwidths of the stimuli, expressed in percentages of the center frequency, vary with frequency. Stimuli suitable for most purposes have bandwidths ranging from about 30% at 0.25 kHz to about 10% at 4 kHz. Stimuli having narrower or broader bandwidths are desirable for some special purposes. The test room should be as nonreverberant as possible and the subject should be seated on an adjustable height chair with headrest. The control microphone method of calibration is preferred but a method is also presented for carrying out the traditional precalibration procedure. The SPL of the complex stimulus should be taken as the peak deflections on a sound level meter set to "RMS-FAST." A conversion table is presented which allows thresholds obtained in the sound field to be expressed as dB HTL. With the materials and methods described here it is possible to achieve the same reliability for sound field testing as for audiometry under earphones.
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PMID:Sound field audiometry: recommended stimuli and procedures. 670 21

The concentration of chloramphenicol (CAP) in milk following parenteral administration to cows was determined by FAST Liquid Chromatography. This method is 200 times more sensitive than microbiological procedures and may be used in examination on an extensive scale. The lowest detection limit is 0.05 ppm. Residues of CAP could be detected in the milk up to and including 32 hours after i.m. administration to three cows of a preparation containing 200 mg of CAP per ml.
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PMID:[Chloramphenicol excretion in milk studied with a FAST (fully automated sample treatment) liquid chromatography method. Preliminary communication]. 683 51

Two procedures are described for the fully automated analysis of several therapeutic drugs in serum, using HPLC with on-line pretreatment (solvent extraction) of the sample. The FAST-LC system (Technicon Instruments) was used for the assay of mixtures of 1) acetaminophen, theophylline, and/or caffeine, or 2) phenylethylmalonamide, primidone, phenobarbital, carbamazepine epoxide, phenyltoin, and/or carbamazepine. The rate of sample analysis was 15/hr for the theophylline group of drugs and 12/hr for the six anticonvulsants. The precision of resulting assays was about 3% (CV), and only 75 microliter of sample was required. The precision of resulting assays, in terms of a previously reported model, is also discussed.
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PMID:Automated analysis of acetaminophen and caffeine in serum using the FAST-LC system: contributions to assay imprecision in procedures based on HPLC with sample pretreatment. 710

We describe a single procedure for assay of seven tricyclic antidepressant drugs and metabolites in serum or plasma: protriptyline, nortriptyline, amitriptyline, desmethyldoxepin, doxepin, desipramine, and imipramine. With the Technicon "FAST-LC" system, samples are aspirated directly into the unit and pretreated via double extraction; the concentration of each drug is then determined by "high-performance" liquid chromatography. Final chromatograms are monitored at 205 nm, at analysis rates of 7.5 samples/h. Concentration and absorbance are linearly related for each drug from 0 to 1400 micrograms/L. Day-to-day CVs averaged 5 to 6% for each drug, and there is good correlation of FAST-LC values with those obtained by gas-chromatographic methods. Total sample volume is 750 microliters.
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PMID:Liquid-chromatographic analysis for common tricyclic antidepressant drugs and their metabolites in serum or plasma with the technicon "FAST-LC" system. 723 64

A comprehensive theory has been presented elsewhere (Anal. Chem. 53: 877-884, 1981) for the various contributions to assay imprecision in procedures that are based on sample extraction followed by "high-performance" liquid chromatography. Experimental data (1800 assays, 8400 results) for the Technicon FAST-LC system are used with this theory in an effort to understand and control the precision of clinical-laboratory procedures, both automated and manual. This study provides specific conclusions and recommendations on matters such as: standardization procedures and protocols, physical properties requires in internal standards, the relative importance of different sources of imprecision and means for improving precision, the relative importance of temperature control in pretreatment and liquid-chromatographic analysis, and the precision obtainable with small sample volumes or with samples containing very low concentrations of analyte (e.g., in assays for free drugs). Automation evidently can lead to twofold greater assay precision, other factors being equal, for liquid-chromatographic procedures that include sample pretreatment. Similarly, internal standardization, properly applied, can decrease assay imprecision by twofold.
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PMID:Precision of "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic assays with sample pretreatment. Error analysis for the Technicon "FAST-LC" system. 723 89


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