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 758 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Trigonal crystals of the integral membrane protein porin from Escherichia coli have been grown and characterized. They belong to space group P321 with unit cell constants a = b = LL8.4, c = 52.7 A, alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. The crystals grow as well-defined hexagonal prisms to a size of 0.25 mm in all dimensions, and diffract to 2.7 A. The molecular symmetry coincides with 3-fold crystallographic symmetry, giving two trimers per unit cell (1 monomer/asymmetric unit). This corresponds to VM = 2.9 A3/Da. Native X-ray data to 3.0 A resolution have been collected on a FAST area detector and a search for heavy atom derivatives is underway.
J Mol Biol 1991 Apr 05
PMID:Trigonal crystals of porin from Escherichia coli. 185 1

The nucleotide sequence of the Fast-Chateau Douglas isolate of the thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase allele is compared with the sequences of the Slow and Fast alleles of Drosophila melanogaster. Conceptual translation of the FChD sequence indicates that the thermostable polypeptide has the diagnostic FAST amino acid replacement at residue 192 and an additional replacement of serine for proline at residue 214. This suggests a Fast origin for the thermostable Adh allele. However, some of the biochemical properties of the FCHD protein resemble those of the SLOW rather than the FAST polypeptides. The serine for proline replacement confers upon the thermostable polypeptide substrate specificities and some kinetic parameters similar to the SLOW protein. The same replacement substitution within the third coding exon also appears to alter the ADH protein concentration to a level similar to the SLOW polypeptide and the probable effect is at the level of mRNA concentration. The low level of nucleotide sequence variation, other than that leading to the amino acid substitution, suggests a recent origin for the thermostable allele. The time since divergence of the FChD sequence from Fast is estimated to be approximately 260,000-470,000 years.
J Mol Evol 1988
PMID:Recent origin for a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase allele of Drosophila melanogaster. 313 52

The bilin binding protein of the butterfly Pieris brassicae has been prepared, crystallized and its crystal structure determined at high resolution using film and FAST area detector intensity data. The crystallographic asymmetric unit contains a tetramer of identical subunits with a molecular weight of about 90,000. The crystal structure was determined by isomorphous replacement. Use was made of the molecular symmetry to improve phases. A molecular interpretation of the electron density distribution and partial tracing of the polypeptide chain was possible without amino acid sequence information, as the fold is very similar to retinol binding protein. It is characterized by a beta-barrel formed by two orthogonal beta-sheets and an alpha-helix. The bilin pigment seems to be bound within the beta-barrel analogously to retinol in retinol binding protein. The tetramer in the crystal has C2 symmetry and is a dimer of dimers of quasi-equivalent subunits.
J Mol Biol 1987 May 20
PMID:Crystallization, crystal structure analysis and preliminary molecular model of the bilin binding protein from the insect Pieris brassicae. 365 19

Homology detection in large data bases is probably the most time consuming operation in molecular genetic computing systems. Moreover, the progresses made all around the world concerning the mapping and sequencing of the genome of Homo Sapiens and other species have increased the size of data bases exponentially. Therefore even the best workstation would not be able to reach the scanning speed required. In order to answer this need we propose an algorithm, A2R2, and its implementation on a massively parallel system. Basically, two kinds of algorithms are used to search in molecular genetic data bases. The first kind is based on dynamic programming and the second on word processing, A2R2 belongs to the second kind. The structure of the motif (pattern) searched by A2R2 can support those from FAST, BLAST and FLASH algorithms. After a short presentation of the reconfigurable hardware concept and technology used in our massively parallel accelerator we present the A2R2 implementation. This parallel implementation outperforms any kind of previously published genetic data base scanning hardware or algorithms. We report up to 25 million nucleotides per scanning seconds as our best results.
Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol 1994
PMID:High speed pattern matching in genetic data base with reconfigurable hardware. 758

Pitx2 is left--right (L--R) asymmetrically expressed initially in the lateral plate and later in primordial visceral organs. The transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that underlie L--R asymmetric expression of Pitx2 were investigated. Mouse Pitx2 has a left side-specific enhancer (ASE) that mediates both the initiation and maintenance of L--R asymmetric expression. This element contains three binding sites for the transcription factor FAST. The FAST binding sites function as Nodal-responsive elements and are sufficient for the initiation but not for the maintenance of asymmetric expression. The maintenance requires an Nkx2-5 binding site also present within the ASE. These results suggest that the left-sided expression of Pitx2 is directly initiated by Nodal signaling and is subsequently maintained by Nkx2. Such two-step control may represent a general mechanism for gene regulation during development.
Mol Cell 2001 Jan
PMID:Two-step regulation of left-right asymmetric expression of Pitx2: initiation by nodal signaling and maintenance by Nkx2. 1117 19

The Smad family of proteins are critical components of the TGFbeta superfamily signalling pathway. Ligand addition induces phosphorylation of specific receptor-regulated Smads, which then form heteromeric complexes with the common mediator Smad, Smad4. This complex then translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Once there, the R-Smad/Smad4 complex interacts with a variety of DNA binding proteins and is thereby targetted to a diverse array of gene promoters. The Smad-containing DNA binding complex can then positively or negatively regulate gene expression through the recruitment of co-activators and co-repressors. Xenopus FAST (now known as FoxH1) was the first Smad DNA binding partner identified and the FoxH1 family now includes related proteins from mouse, human and Zebrafish. In all organisms examined, FoxH1 is expressed primarily during the earliest stages of development and thus FoxH1 is thought to play a critical role in mediating TGFbeta superfamily signals during these early developmental stages. Other Smad partners range from those that are ubiquitously expressed to others that are present only in specific cell types or developmental stages. Thus, it is the interaction of Smads with a wide range of specific transcriptional partners that is important for the generation of diverse biological responses to TGFbeta superfamily members.
Mol Cell Endocrinol 2001 Jun 30
PMID:The transcriptional role of Smads and FAST (FoxH1) in TGFbeta and activin signalling. 1145 66

Computer system mRNA-FAST (mRNA--Function, Activity, STructure; http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/dbases/trsig/) is described. The system has been developed to analyze nucleotide sequences of mRNA and to measure their essential properties. The system compiles the data base on translation signals including nucleotide sequences of the regulatory regions with structural and experimental information on their specific activities. It also contains programs to search for local homology between mRNA and translation signals, to search for potential signals basing on analysis of the oligonucleotide dictionaries, and to model secondary RNA structure. Possible applications of the system mRNA-FAST are discussed.
Mol Biol (Mosk)
PMID:[mRNA-FAST (mRNA-Function, Activity, STructure) computer system]. 1177 Nov 28

Protein array technology has emerged as a new tool to enable ordered screening of proteins for expression and molecular interactions in high throughput. Besides classical solid-phase substrates, such as micro-titre plates and membrane filters, protein arrays have recently been devised with chip-sized supports. Several applications on protein chips have been described, but to our knowledge no studies using plant protein chips were published so far. The aim of this study was to generate Arabidopsis protein chips and to demonstrate the feasibility of the protein chip technology for the investigation of antigen-antibody interactions. Therefore, Arabidopsis cDNAs encoding 95 different proteins were cloned into a GATEWAY-compatible Escherichia coli expression vector. RGS-His6-tagged recombinant proteins were purified in high throughput and robotically arrayed onto glass slides coated either with a nitrocellulose based polymer (FAST slides) or polyacrylamide (PAA slides). Using an anti-RGS-His6 antibody all proteins were detected on the chips. The detection limit was ca. 2-3.6 fmol per spot on FAST slides or 0.1-1.8 fmol per spot on PAA slides. The Arabidopsis protein chips were used for the characterisation of monoclonal antibodies or polyclonal sera. We were able to show that a monoclonal anti-TCP1 antibody and anti-MYB6 and anti-DOF11 sera bound specifically to their respective antigens and did not cross-react with the other 94 proteins including other DOF and MYB transcription factors on the chips. To enable screening of antibodies or other interacting molecules against thousands of Arabidopsis proteins in future, we generated an ordered cDNA expression library and started with high-throughput cloning of full-length cDNAs with GATEWAY technology.
Plant Mol Biol 2003 Jul
PMID:Generation of Arabidopsis protein chips for antibody and serum screening. 1455 60

The effect of microwave pasteurization of cow's milk on its nutritional quality was examined by the FAST method (Fluorescence of Advanced Maillard products and Soluble Tryptophan). Raw milk samples were submitted to different laboratory scale in batch microwave treatments using a central composite experimental design based on specific power and treatment time. The FAST index and bacterial count were monitored to assess protein denaturation, modification by the Maillard reaction and pasteurization efficiency, respectively. High discrimination between samples indicated that the FAST method is a potent tool for estimating the deterioration of the milk quality during experimental microwave treatment. Thus, the FAST index can be effectively used as the continuous response in experimental designs set up and to maximize information economically. In short, the FAST method allows us to retain the rapidity of experimental design while providing the advantages of convenience and low cost.
Mol Nutr Food Res 2006 Sep
PMID:The fluorimetric FAST method, a simple tool for the optimization of microwave pasteurization of milk. 1691 11

Classic hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by iron overload and sequence variants in the HFE gene. The HFE gene is located at 6p21.3 and contains 2 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) C282Y and H63D, which are routinely tested for in the molecular diagnostics laboratory. In this study, we used DNA samples from 59 patients in which clinicians wanted to confirm or rule-out hereditary hemochromatosis that had been previously tested for the HFE SNPs using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay and the ABI 7700 real time PCR assay with a MGB Eclipse ASR Probe system. The new assay used TAQman SNP Genotyping Assays, which were performed on the ABI 7500 FAST real time PCR platform. Allelic discrimination was determined during a postamplification plate read. Of the 59 samples genotyped, 7 were homozygous for C282Y, 6 were heterozygous for C282Y, 9 were homozygous for H63D, 10 were heterozygous for H63D, 6 were compound heterozygotes, and 20 were wild type. With the exception of one sample that was indeterminate by the TAQman SNP Genotyping Assay, all others showed 100% concordance between the 3 assays. The one indeterminate sample was heterozygous for C282Y by the PCR-RFLP and ABI 7700 real time PCR assays, but there was an insufficient quantity of DNA to perform the TAQman SNP Genotyping Assay. Our study suggests that the ABI 7500 FAST TAQman SNP Genotyping Assay is comparable with the PCR-RFLP and ABI 7700 real time PCR methods in detecting and characterizing these 2 HFE SNPs. Improved software and thermocycling capabilities have resulted in a very robust TAQman assay with the advantage of a much improved turn-around-time and throughput.
Diagn Mol Pathol 2007 Jun
PMID:Detection of the C282Y and H63D polymorphisms associated with hereditary hemochromatosis using the ABI 7500 fast real time PCR platform. 1752 82


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