Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.11.8 (FAST)
 758 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnosis of IgE-dependent food allergy relies on the demonstration of specific IgE by prick tests or biological tests. A radioimmunoassay (RAST Phadebas) is completed by several immuno-enzymatic methods: RAST Phadezym, FAST, MAST-CLA, AlaSTAT, etc. The allergen is bound to solid or liquid phases, by different binding agents. Various enzyme-substrate systems, and several systems for expression are used (RIA, fluorescence, chemoluminescence, colorimetry, etc.). Another aspect of modern technics is the trend towards high automated processes. A second group of tests aims to detect the release of mediators from sensitized basophils: leucocyte histamine release test, human basophil degranulation test and a leucocyte leukotriene release test. The specificity of tests for detection of anti-food IgE is lessened by numerous cross reactivities between pollens, fruit, and vegetable. The study of the sensitivity of such tests needs strictly standardized food challenge tests in order to firmly establish the diagnosis of food allergy. Multiscreen tests have to be assessed, in order to validate their efficacy for detecting frequency allergens. Whatever the test to be used, its positivity means only sensitization, and food challenge tests are mandatory to recognize true food allergy, as latent sensitization to food is a current phenomenon in atopic children. The possibility of reliable diagnosis of food allergy by using challenge tests makes now possible and advisable to set up quality controls for all biological tests applied to the detection of antifood IgE, thanks to the possibility to dispose of reference sera.
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PMID:Detection of antifood IgE by in vitro tests and diagnosis of food allergy. 831 47

In 14 occupationally active bee-keepers, who tolerated stinging well, two diagnostic tests have been performed: 1. skin test at the venom concentration of 10(-3) g/l, 2. both total and venom specific IgE and IgG4 assessments. The study group consisted of 13 male and 1 female aged 34-56 (mean age 44.3). 7 out of 14 bee-keepers (50%) had positive skin tests; mean size being mean = 3.57 +/- 4.07 mm. None of the subjects showed increased total IgE levels, but 71.4% showed bee venom specific IgE (mean mean 1.64 +/- 1.34 FAST). Specific bee venom IgG4 occurred in 13 out 14 individuals (92.8%). Their average serum level was mean 21.74 +/- 17.16 IU/ml.
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PMID:[Skin tests, total IgE and venom specific IgE and IgG4 in serum of bee-keepers]. 840 38

The aim was to study the value of the CAP system (Pharmacia) in comparison with the FAST method (Bio Whittaker) in determination of total IgE, specific IgE and IgG4 during specific immunotherapy (sIT). The studies were carried out on a group of 67 patients with pollinosis treated with various pollen allergen extracts. The immunological studies were performed before and after several courses of sIT. A higher reproducibility and sensitivity of the CAP System was shown. The values of specific IgE were somewhat higher on using the CAP system than using the FAST method. The CAP system seems to be of great value in diagnostics and monitoring sIT, especially in birch pollen allergy.
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PMID:[CAP system methods versus FAST methods in immunologic monitoring of specific immunotherapy in pollen allergy]. 864 Jan 48

We examined 83 infants suffering from spastic bronchitis and cow milk protein allergy and analyzed the diagnostic value of two allergic tests (Mancini, FAST) commonly used for measuring total IgE (t-IgE) level in serum. The aim of the study was to establish the sensitivity of these two methods. Our statistical analysis proved FAST test to be more sensitive than Mancini one (p < 0.01).
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of immunoglobulin E in serum of infants with spastic bronchitis and cow milk protein allergy depending on the method of examination]. 875 62

The aim of this study was to determine the allergen skin test positivity and total serum IgE of adult patients in Singapore with clinical features suggestive of allergic rhinitis. The study was carried out prospectively from January to August 1990. All patients had one or more of three symptoms (1) rhinorrhoea or nasal congestion, (2) itching nose or throat and (3) sneezing, as well as pale edematous nasal mucosa. Twenty inhalant allergens (Greers Laboratory, USA) were used for skin prick test (SPT). Serum total IgE was measured using 3M FAST test. Eighty-five consecutive patients, 54 males and 31 females, were studied. Their mean age (SD) was 26.8 (6.1) years. More than half (55.3%) had severe symptoms affecting work. Twenty percent did not have any positive skin reaction compared with 44.9% of age-matched healthy controls; 62.4% had 2 or more positive reactions compared to only 37.2% of controls. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.002). The two most commonly, positive allergens were Dermatophagoides farinae (76.5%) and house dust (61.2%). No significant difference was found in the skin test positivity between males and females. Forty-three patients also had serum total IgE measurement and their geometric mean IgE was 240 IU/I which was significantly higher than the geometric mean IgE of healthy controls (88 IU/I, P = 0.0005).
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PMID:Allergen skin test and total IgE in adults with rhinitis in Singapore. 898 Jul 94

This work presents a piezoelectric (Pz) immunosensor for the quantification of total human IgE in serum samples. The anti-human IgE is deposited on the surface of the 10 M Hz AT-cut gold coated crystal resonator by self-assembled technique, and serves as a receptor layer. The highly ordered self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) ensure well-controlled surface structure and offer many advantages to the performance of the sensor. The fabricated Pz sensor can quantitatively detect human serum IgE in the range of 5-300 IU/ml with high precision (CV < 8%). A total of 28 patient serum samples are detected by the Pz sensor, and the results agree well with those given by two commercially provided test kits (Total IgE FAST Test, Pharmacia-CAP). The correlation coefficients are 0.94 between FAST and Pz sensor, and 0.90 between CAP and Pz sensor, respectively. After regeneration with urea and glycine buffer the coated crystal can be reused five times without appreciable loss of activity. Compared with conventional cross-linking methods, nonspecific binding caused by the SAM binding method is three to five times less.
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PMID:Self-assembled monolayer-based piezoelectric crystal immunosensor for the quantification of total human immunoglobulin E. 1045

Passive sensitization of human airways in vitro causes increased responsiveness to histamine and induces specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E-dependent contractile responsiveness to allergen. Leukotrienes (LTs) and, to a lesser extent, histamine are the major mediators of allergen-induced contraction. Since it is unclear whether passively sensitized airways are also hyperresponsive to cysteinyl leukotrienes, this study investigated the effect of passive sensitization on LTC4-, in addition to histamine- and allergen-induced contractions in vitro. Bronchial rings from nine nonatopic patients were sensitized overnight with serum containing high levels of total IgE (>250 U x mL(-1)) and allergen-specific IgE against Dermatophagoides farinae (fluorescence allergosorbent test) (FAST class > or =3). The potency (-log10 of the mediator concentration causing a half maximal response (pEC50) of histamine was significantly increased in serum-sensitized tissues compared to nonsensitized controls ((mean+/-SEM) pEC50 5.20+/-0.27 versus 5.64+/-0.18; p=0.02) and maximal contractions were enhanced (877+/-47 versus 543+/-51 mg; p<0.0001). Similarly, the potency of LTC4 was significantly increased in sensitized compared to nonsensitized bronchial rings (pEC50 9.37+/-0.20 versus 8.66+/-0.26; p=0.004); maximal contractions were also enhanced (811+/-57 versus 361+/-86 mg; p<0.0001). These data demonstrate that passive sensitization of human airways induces an increase not only in histamine but also in leukotriene responsiveness. Therefore, it might be speculated that allergen responses in sensitized airways are effected through a combination of increased mediator release from inflammatory cells and increased responsiveness of airway smooth muscle.
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PMID:Passive sensitization of human airways increases responsiveness to leukotriene C4. 1051 7

The described in vitro test system for allergy diagnosis is based on microscope glass slides activated with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane. Allergen solutions are immobilized as small droplets (approximately 10 nL) on the activated glass slides with a piezoelectric arrayer. In contrast to other tests for specific IgE, such as Pharmacia CAP FEIA, AlaSTAT, or FAST, only a 25-microL serum sample is needed for the screening of allergen-specific IgE against a multitude of allergens and the test can be performed in less than 1 h. Compared with multiallergen dipstick screening tests (e.g., IgEquick, CMG Immunodot) based on multiallergen-coated nitrocellulose strips, the measurement of the microarray-based system can be performed automatically. The chemiluminescence intensities are detected with a sensitive CCD camera. Allergen extracts and recombinant/purified allergens (24 preparations) have been used on the same modified surface for the screening of allergen-specific IgE. With these disposable microarray slides, it is possible to distinguish between patients with and without elevated levels of allergen-specific IgE. Repeated measurements of serum samples demonstrated a sufficient reproducibility. Detection limits (microg/L) of 0.35 (r Betvl), 0.16 (PLA2), and 1.9 (Der p1) were achieved.
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PMID:Microarrays for the screening of allergen-specific IgE in human serum. 1258 84

The possibility of forecasting of atopic dermatitis (AD) course is limited. The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic usefulness of determination of total and specific IgE concentrations and the results of immediate skin tests in AD patients. The study included 480 adult patients with AD. Immediate skin tests with extracts of 18 aeroallergens and 10 food allergens were performed by PRICK method. Total IgE concentration and concentration of specific IgE (sIgE) against 13 aeroallergens and 12 food allergens were determined by the FAST method. For the assessment of the degree of pathologic process intensity the occurrence was determined of selected AD features according to Hanifin and Rajka exerting direct effect on the severity of the disease, urticaria, extensive cutaneous lesions and remission of the disease. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. In patients in whom total IgE concentration was significantly increased and/or hypersensitivity was found to aeroallergens, coexistence of atopic diseases of the airways, ectodermal defect, urticaria and extensive skin lesions was more frequently observed. Extensive skin lesions were also more frequent in patients with hypersensitivity to food allergens. The studies performed demonstrated that the diagnostic tests discussed are useful for prognostication of AD course. The presence of SIgE, positive results of immediate skin tests and high total IgE concentration prognosticate a more severe course of the disease.
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PMID:[Total and specific IgE and immediate skin tests in the prognosis of atopic dermatitis]. 1517 98


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