Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:2.7.11.22 (
cdc2
)
8,319
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Since the first discovery in 1961, more than 1300
ent
-kaurane diterpenoids have been isolated and identified from different plant sources, mainly the genus
Isodon
. Chemically, they consist of a perhydrophenanthrene subunit and a
cyclopentane
ring. A large number of reports describe the anticancer potential and mechanism of action of
ent
-kaurane compounds in a series of cancer cell lines. Oridonin is one of the prime anticancer
ent
-kaurane diterpenoids that is currently in a phase-I clinical trial in China. In this review, we have extensively summarized the anticancer activities of
ent
-kaurane diterpenoids according to their plant sources, mechanistic pathways, and biological targets. Literature analysis found that anticancer effect of
ent
-kauranes are mainly mediated through regulation of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and metastasis. Induction of apoptosis is associated with modulation of BCL-2, BAX, PARP, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3, -8, and -9, while cell cycle arrest is controlled by cyclin D1, c-Myc, p21, p53, and
CDK
-2 and -4. The most common metastatic target proteins of
ent
-kauranes are MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR whereas LC-II and mTOR are key regulators to induce autophagy.
...
PMID:Mechanistic Pathways and Molecular Targets of Plant-Derived Anticancer
ent
-Kaurane Diterpenes. 3196 4
