Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.11.22 (cdc2)
 8,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A yeast two-hybrid screening by using PAP1 was performed to identify targets for PAP1-PHO85 cyclin-CDK complex. N-terminal fragment of protein YLR190w, a yeast gene encoding a 491 amino acids peptide, was identified, and its coding region was amplified by PCR. The interaction of PAP1 and YLR190w was confirmed by both two-hybrid assay and GST pull-down assay in vitro. The PAP1-PHO85 kinase complex obtained from the immunoprecipitates could phosphorylate GST-YLR190w expressed in E.coli, and the phosphorylation of YLR190w was affected by the phosphate concentration, and the phosphorylation sites of YLR190w were Ser/Thr-Promotif, as revealed by protein mutation assay. In another library screen, YAF9, a yeast homolog of human AF9, was isolated using the two-hybrid system with YLR190w as the bait. It was revealed that interaction of YLR190w and YAF9 was affected by phosphate concentration. When all Ser/Thr in Ser/Thr-Pro motif were mutated to Ala, the interaction of YLR190w (mutant) and YAF9 was weakened, and the effect of phosphate concentration was impaired. Ylr190w was not involved in the PHO system by the acid phosphatase activity assay. Deletion of Ylr190w was constructed by homologous recombination and the doubling time of Ylr190w mutant strain as longer than that of wild type.
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PMID:[Phosphorylation of YLR190w by PAP1 PHO85 kinase complex]. 1200 94

Functional differences between healthy progenitor and cancer initiating cells may provide unique opportunities for targeted therapy approaches. Hematopoietic stem cells are tightly controlled by a network of CDK inhibitors that govern proliferation and prevent stem cell exhaustion. Loss of Inca1 led to an increased number of short-term hematopoietic stem cells in older mice, but Inca1 seems largely dispensable for normal hematopoiesis. On the other hand, Inca1-deficiency enhanced cell cycling upon cytotoxic stress and accelerated bone marrow exhaustion. Moreover, AML1-ETO9a-induced proliferation was not sustained in Inca1-deficient cells in vivo. As a consequence, leukemia induction and leukemia maintenance were severely impaired in Inca1-/- bone marrow cells. The re-initiation of leukemia was also significantly inhibited in absence of Inca1-/- in MLL-AF9- and c-myc/BCL2-positive leukemia mouse models. These findings indicate distinct functional properties of Inca1 in normal hematopoietic cells compared to leukemia initiating cells. Such functional differences might be used to design specific therapy approaches in leukemia.
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PMID:Maintenance of leukemia-initiating cells is regulated by the CDK inhibitor Inca1. 2552 9

Translocations of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene occur in 60% to 80% of all infant acute leukemias and are markers of poor prognosis. MLL-AF9 and other MLL fusion proteins aberrantly recruit epigenetic regulatory proteins, including histone deacetylases (HDAC), histone methyltransferases, bromodomain-containing proteins, and transcription elongation factors to mediate chromatin remodeling and regulate tumorigenic gene expression programs. We conducted a small-molecule inhibitor screen to test the ability of candidate pharmacologic agents targeting epigenetic and transcriptional regulatory proteins to induce apoptosis in leukemic cells derived from genetically engineered mouse models of MLL-AF9-driven acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that the CDK inhibitor dinaciclib and HDAC inhibitor panobinostat were the most potent inducers of apoptosis in short-term in vitro assays. Treatment of MLL-rearranged leukemic cells with dinaciclib resulted in rapidly decreased expression of the prosurvival protein Mcl-1, and accordingly, overexpression of Mcl-1 protected AML cells from dinaciclib-induced apoptosis. Administration of dinaciclib to mice bearing MLL-AF9-driven human and mouse leukemias elicited potent antitumor responses and significantly prolonged survival. Collectively, these studies highlight a new therapeutic approach to potentially overcome the resistance of MLL-rearranged AML to conventional chemotherapies and prompt further clinical evaluation of CDK inhibitors in AML patients harboring MLL fusion proteins.
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PMID:The CDK9 Inhibitor Dinaciclib Exerts Potent Apoptotic and Antitumor Effects in Preclinical Models of MLL-Rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia. 2662 13