Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.11.22 (cdc2)
 8,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The family of protein kinases includes many oncogenes and growth-factor receptors, as well as genes that are involved in cell-cycle regulation. We have identified protein kinases expressed in a human breast-cancer cell line, 600PEI, and a primary human breast carcinoma, using PCR cloning techniques based on consensus sequences in the kinase domain. Twenty-five different protein kinases were isolated, including 3 novel putative tyrosine kinases (designated TK1, TK2, and TK5), and 2 novel putative cell-cycle-associated serine/threonine kinases (designated STK1 and STK2). TK1 is a new member of the src family of kinases that is expressed predominantly in epithelial cells. TK2 is homologous to the receptor kinase, HEK, and TK5 appears to be another member of the JAK family of kinases. The novel serine/threonine kinases, designated STK1 and STK2, were homologous to the human cdc2 and the Aspergillus nimA genes. We subsequently analyzed the levels of expression of all of these protein kinases in a panel of human breast carcinomas, using PCR-based methods. This analysis revealed different expression profiles in different primary breast carcinomas and, therefore, may determine new molecular sub-sets of human breast cancer.
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PMID:Novel protein kinases expressed in human breast cancer. 809

Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods, we have isolated cDNA clones of two new members of serine/threonine kinases, STK1 and STK2, from a cDNA library constructed from the BT-20 human breast cancer cell line. STK1 is transcribed as a 1.4 kilobase (kb) mRNA encoding for a protein of 346 amino acids. Based on amino acid sequence analysis, STK1 is 86% identical to the Xenopus p40mo15, a cdc2-related serine/threonine kinase recently found to be the activating kinase for p34cdc2 and p33cdk2. Thus, STK1 is most likely the human homologue of MO15. An alternatively spliced STK1 message expressed variably in cell lines and in primary carcinomas generates a predicted 58 amino acid protein that lacks the kinase domain. STK2 is transcribed into a 4.0 kb mRNA encoding for an 841 residue protein which exhibits 50% identity in the kinase domain with the mouse nek1 gene product, the relative of the fungal G2-M regulator, nimA. STK1 and STK2 display a variable pattern of expression among a series of primary carcinomas as well as cancer cell lines. Both STK1 and STK2 were expressed at the highest levels in the heart but were also detected in all other organs tested. In embryonal tissues, lower levels of expression were noted. Using cell cycle inhibitors, we have shown that both STK1 and STK2 mRNA levels remain relatively invariant through the cell cycle. Chromosomal assignment has localized STK1 on chromosome 2pcen-2p15, a region implicated in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma, and STK2 on chromosome 3p21.1, a region frequently showing chromosomal alterations in renal cells carcinomas.
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PMID:Two novel human serine/threonine kinases with homologies to the cell cycle regulating Xenopus MO15, and NIMA kinases: cloning and characterization of their expression pattern. 820 44