Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.11.2 (PDK1)
 2,238 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Knowledge of in vivo relationship between the coactivator PPARGC1A and its target genes is very limited, especially in the pig. In this study, a real-time PCR experiment was performed on longissimus dorsi muscle (MLD) and backfat with 10 presumed PPARGC1A downstream target genes, involved in energy and fat metabolism, to identify possible relationships with PPARGC1A mRNA expression in vivo in the pig (n = 20). Except for UCP3 and LPL, a very significant difference in expression was found between MLD and backfat for all genes (P < 0.01). Hierarchical cluster analysis and the significant pairing of mRNA expression data between sampling locations suggested a genetic regulation of the expression of several target genes. A positive correlation with PPARGC1A was found for CPT1B, GLUT4, PDK4, and TFAM (P < 0.0001). A negative correlation was found for UCP2, FABP4, LEP (P < 0.0001), and TNF (P = 0.0071). No significant correlation was detected for UCP3 and LPL. This study provides evidence for a clear difference in mRNA expression of crucial genes in fat and energy metabolism between 2 important tissues. Our data suggest a clear impact of PPARGC1A on energy and lipid metabolism in vivo in the pig, through several of these downstream target genes.
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PMID:Correlation between porcine PPARGC1A mRNA expression and its downstream target genes in backfat and longissimus dorsi muscle. 1987 86

Dairy cows mobilise body tissues to support milk production and, because glucose supplies are limited, lipids are used preferentially for energy production. Lipogenic activity is switched off and lipolytic mechanisms in adipose tissue increase through changes in the expression of several key enzymes. This results in a loss of body condition, together with high circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids. Changes in the synthesis, secretion and signalling pathways of somatotrophic hormones (insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1) and adipokines (e.g. leptin) are central to the regulation of these processes. A high reliance on fatty acids as an energy source in the peripartum period causes oxidative damage to mitochondria in metabolically active tissues, including the liver and reproductive tract. The expression of genes involved in insulin resistance (PDK4, AHSG) is increased, together with expression of TIEG1, a transcription factor that can induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphisms in TFAM and UCP2, two autosomal mitochondrial genes, have been associated with longevity in dairy cows. Polymorphisms in many other genes that affect lipid metabolism also show some associations with fertility traits. These include DGAT1, SCD1, DECR1, CRH, CBFA2T1, GH, LEP and NPY. Excess lipid accumulation in oocytes and the regenerating endometrium reduces fertility via reductions in embryo survival and increased inflammatory changes, respectively.
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PMID:Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow. 2324 28