Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C)
 49,245 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Aspirin-like drugs (ALD) induce calcium mobilization, an essential component of T cell activation, but do not induce the biosynthesis of IL-2. To understand the extent to which ALD may mimic mitogenic stimulation, we studied cytoplasmic and nuclear signaling steps in ALD-treated T cells. We found that ALD induce a transient activation of protein kinase (PKC) but have no effect (in comparison to anti-CD3 antibodies) on protein tyrosine phosphorylation nor on PCL gamma 1 tyrosine phosphorylation. ALD-induced calcium mobilization and PKC activation are independent of tyrosine protein kinase activity as shown by the lack of effect of herbimycin, a tyrosine-protein kinase-specific inhibitor. Although we detected no IL-2 mRNA in ALD-treated cells, the nuclei of these cells contain proteins capable of binding to three regulatory sequences in the IL-2 promoter region: NFAT, NF kappa B, and AP-1. These binding activities are expressed only in activated T cells. The expression of AP-1 depended on calcium mobilization and PKC activation. These data suggest that ALD cause transient but significant changes in T cell transmembrane signaling, although some events induced by stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies are not induced by ALD. The signal is transmitted to the nucleus and induces DNA-binding activity by several transcription factors. However, the ALD stimulus is not capable of causing complete T cell activation.
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PMID:Induction of transcription factors in human T lymphocytes by aspirin-like drugs. 772 85

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of quercetin-filled phosphatidylcholine liposomes (PCL-Q) on the currents carried by large conductance Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels (BK(Ca)) in rat thoracic aorta following non-fatal whole-body ionizing irradiation. Using patch-clamp technique, it is found that the outward K(+) currents of isolated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) stimulated by depolarizing voltage steps were sensitive to BK(Ca) inhibitor, paxilline, and this kind of outward K(+) currents in SMCs from irradiated animals demonstrated a significant decrease in amplitude. Radiation-induced BK(Ca) suppression was evident 9 days post-irradiation and progressively increased over 30 days of experimental period. Thus, the vasorelaxing force of these SMCs may be diminished following irradiation. PCL-Q effectively restored BK(Ca) function in post-irradiated SMCs. It is noteworthy that the constituents of PCL-Q, i.e., free quercetin (Q) and "empty" liposomes (PCL), being taken separately, showed a decreased ability to recover BK(Ca) function as compared with combined composition. These results suggest that PCL-Q is able to regain normal function of BK(Ca) following irradiation. The protective effects of PCL-Q can be explained by its antioxidant and membrane repairing properties as well as its ability to inhibit protein kinase C activity. Thus, the lipid encapsulation of flavonoid, PCL-Q, appears to be a potential medication in the case of ionizing irradiation accident, and for the patients with neoplasm who have to receive external radiotherapy as well.
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PMID:Quercetin-filled phosphatidylcholine liposomes restore abnormalities in rat thoracic aorta BK(Ca) channel function following ionizing irradiation. 1953 31

Retinal transplantation experiments have advanced considerably during recent years, but remaining diseased photoreceptor cells in the host retina and inner retinal cells in the transplant physically obstruct the development of graft-host neuronal contacts which are required for vision. Recently, we developed methods for the isolation of donor photoreceptor layers in vitro, and the selective removal of host photoreceptors in vivo using biodegradable elastomeric membranes composed of poly(glycerol-co-sebacic acid) (PGS). Here, we report the surface modification of PGS membranes to promote the attachment of photoreceptor layers, allowing the resulting composite to be handled surgically as a single entity. PGS membranes were chemically modified with peptides containing an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) extracellular matrix ligand sequence. PGS membranes were also coated with electrospun nanofiber meshes, containing laminin and poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL). Following in vitro co-culture of biomaterial membranes with isolated embryonic retinal tissue, composites were tested for surgical handling and examined with hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical markers. Electrospun nanofibers composed of laminin and PCL promoted sufficient cell adhesion for simultaneous transplantation of isolated photoreceptor layers and PGS membranes. Composites developed large populations of recoverin and rhodopsin labeled photoreceptors. Furthermore, ganglion cells, rod bipolar cells and AII amacrine cells were absent in co-cultured retinas as observed by neurofilament, PKC and parvalbumin labeling respectively. These results facilitate retinal transplantation experiments in which a composite graft composed of a biodegradable membrane adhered to an immature retina dominated by photoreceptor cells may be delivered in a single surgery, with the possibility of improving graft-host neuronal connections.
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PMID:The use of surface modified poly(glycerol-co-sebacic acid) in retinal transplantation. 1996 54