Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.11.10 (IKK)
 4,900 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The capacity of the flavan-3-ols [(-)-epicatechin (EC) and (+)-catechin (CT)] and a B dimeric procyanidin (DP-B) to modulate phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced NF-kappaB activation in Jurkat T cells was investigated. The classic PMA-triggered increase in cell oxidants was prevented when cells were preincubated for 24 h with EC, CT, or DP-B (1.7-17.2 microM). PMA induced the phosphorylation of IKKbeta and the subsequent degradation of IkappaBalpha. These events were inhibited in cells pretreated with the flavonoids. PMA induced a 4.6-fold increase in NF-kappaB nuclear binding activity in control cells. Pretreatment with EC, CT, or DP-B decreased PMA-induced NF-kappaB binding activity and the transactivation of the NF-kappaB-driven gene IL-2. EC, CT, and DP-B inhibited, in vitro, NF-kappaB binding to its DNA consensus sequence, but they had no effect on the binding activity of CREB or OCT-1. Thus, EC, CT, or DP-B can influence the immune response by modulating NF-kappaB activation. This modulation can occur at early (regulation of oxidant levels, IKK activation) as well as late (binding of NF-kappaB to DNA) stages of the NF-kappaB activation cascade. A model is presented for possible interactions between DP-B and NF-kappaB proteins, which could lead to the inhibition of NF-kappaB binding to kappaB sites.
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PMID:Epicatechin, catechin, and dimeric procyanidins inhibit PMA-induced NF-kappaB activation at multiple steps in Jurkat T cells. 1463 Jul

Activation of the polyol pathway has been linked to the development of secondary diabetic complications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To probe the contribution of this pathway, we examined whether inhibition of aldose reductase, which catalyzes the first step of the pathway, affects hyperglycemia-induced activation of the inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells with the aldose reductase inhibitors tolrestat and sorbinil prevented high-glucose-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activation, nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, phosphorylation of IKK, and the increase in the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and aldose reductase. High-glucose-induced NF-kappaB activation was also prevented by the PKC inhibitors chelerythrine and calphostin C. Ablation of aldose reductase by small interference RNA (siRNA) prevented high-glucose-induced NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation but did not affect the activity of SP-1 or OCT-1. Stimulation with iso-osmotic mannitol activated NF-kappaB and increased the expression of aldose reductase but not ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Treatment with aldose reductase inhibitors or aldose reductase siRNA did not affect mannitol-induced NF-kappaB or AP-1 activation. Administration of tolrestat (15 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1)) decreased the abundance of activated NF-kappaB in balloon-injured carotid arteries of diabetic rats. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibition of aldose reductase, which prevents PKC-dependent nonosmotic NF-kappaB activation, may be a useful approach for treating vascular inflammation caused by diabetes.
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PMID:Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB by hyperglycemia in vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated by aldose reductase. 1550 72