Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.11.10 (IKK)
 4,900 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) responds to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as erlotinib. However, secondary somatic EGFR mutations (e.g., T790M) confer resistance to erlotinib. BMS-690514, a novel panHER/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor described here, exerted antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on NSCLC cell lines, with prominent efficacy on H1975 cells expressing the T790M mutation. In this model, BMS-690514 induced a G(1) cell cycle arrest, as well as ultrastructural hallmarks of apoptosis, mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspases involved in the intrinsic (e.g., caspase-2, caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9), but not in the extrinsic (e.g., caspase-8), pathway. Caspase inhibition conferred partial protection against BMS-690514 cytotoxicity, pointing to the involvement of both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent effector mechanisms. Transcriptome analyses revealed the up-regulation of proapoptotic (e.g., Bim, Puma) and cell cycle inhibitory (e.g., p27(Kip1), p57(Kip2)) factors, as well as the down-regulation of antiapoptotic (e.g., Mcl1), heat shock (e.g., HSP40, HSP70, HSP90), and cell cycle promoting [e.g., cyclins B1, D1, and D3; cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1); MCM family proteins; proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] proteins. BMS-690514-induced death of H1975 cells was modified in a unique fashion by a panel of small interfering RNAs targeting apoptosis modulators. Down-regulation of components of the nuclear factor-kappaB survival pathway (e.g., p65, Nemo/IKK gamma, TAB2) sensitized cells to BMS-690514, whereas knockdown of proapoptotic factors (e.g., Puma, Bax, Bak, caspase-2, etc.) and DNA damage-related proteins (e.g., ERCC1, hTERT) exerted cytoprotective effects. BMS-690514 is a new pan-HER/VEGFR inhibitor that may become an alternative to erlotinib for the treatment of NSCLC.
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PMID:A novel epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor promotes apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells resistant to erlotinib. 1761 83

The human runt-related transcription factor 3 gene (RUNX3) is considered to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene in gastric carcinoma. However, the role of RUNX3 in the regulation of cell proliferation remains unclear. In the present study, we constructed an adenoviral vector encoding human RUNX3 cDNA under the control of a Tet-responsive promoter (Ad-Tet-FLAG-RUNX3), which regulates the expression of RUNX3 in the presence or absence of doxycycline. A recombinant adenoviral expression vector encoding LacZ (Ad-Tet-LacZ) was used as a negative control. The effect of the transduction of RUNX3 on cell growth was examined using the Tet-On system in a human gastric carcinoma cell line, MKN-1. Exogenous RUNX3 expression was induced successfully by Ad-Tet-FLAG-RUNX3, but not Ad-Tet-LacZ, in the presence of doxycycline in the MKN-1 cells. At 72 h after infection, the proliferative activity in RUNX3-expressing cells was 55% or less of that of the control cells. Flow cytometry revealed that the sub-G(1) peak was increased in cells expressing RUNX3 (34.11%), indicating that the inhibition of cell growth was due to apoptosis, which was confirmed based on Hoechst 33258 staining, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and detection of cleaved caspase-3 by western blotting in MKN-1 cells. Comprehensive analysis using a cDNA microarray showed that RUNX3 upregulated 17 apoptosis-related genes (including FADD, TRAF6, caspase-2, ING1, ING4, Calpain 10, and DNase1) and downregulated 135 apoptosis-related genes (including FLIP, PEA15, TXN2, HSPD1, IKK, and TIAL1) in MKN-1 cells. Pathway analyses to generate functional networks of the genes suggested that promotion of the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex and activation of the mitochondria-mediated pathway were associated with RUNX3-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that exogenous RUNX3 expression suppressed cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via the death-receptor mitochondria-mediated pathway in MKN-1 cells.
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PMID:Apoptotic pathway induced by transduction of RUNX3 in the human gastric carcinoma cell line MKN-1. 1795 89