Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The social and economic impact of AIDS add to those of a recent civil war in 1997. There were fratricidal confrontations before and after this period. Pointe-Noire, the second city of Congo and the economic Capital, was on the whole spared. We carried out a survey of 292 high-school students: 39% of girls and 61% of boys, from 14 old to 25 years old (average age of 19 years). They were from 5 general and technical schools, which are representative of the school recruitment of the city of Pointe-Noire. This study made in 1998 was the second part of a work achieved in France in 1997 with 1,859 high-school students: 70% of girls and 30% of boys, mean age 17.7 years, range 15-25 years. They came from 3 general, technical and professional schools of two departments of the region "Centre" ("Indre-et-Loire" and "Loir-et-Cher"). The material, corresponding to this study, is an anonymous self-questionnaire of 55 closed items presented in the form of assertions to which the student respond either yes or no. Items investigated: 1) pubertal maturation and subjective maturation; 2) different aspects of sexual experience in adolescence (components of sexual experience) [9] and 3) sexual behaviour (including sexual risk taking). All items have been formulated in the most accessible possible way for the youngsters. Previously, in 1996, we had made a pre-test with this material near sample of French people from 16 to 68 years old. The results of the study highlight that the Congolese youngsters present more risk than their French homologues. Although the pubertal status (the menarche and the spermarche) occurs slightly later, Congolese boys present a greater number of sexual partners and greater sexual precocity. Among 54% of Congolese pupils from the sample which had already had a sexual intercourse (68% of boys and 42% of girls) versus 52% of French pupils (58% of boys and 49% of girls), 88% of the Congolese boys have sexual intercourse at the age of 15, versus 72% of the girls at 16.5 versus 65% of the French boys in their 15.5 and 52% of the girls at 16. These differences are significant (p < 0.001) like all the following ones. Congolese students declare more sexual partners (4 during the last 12 months and 5 for all their life versus 3.2 and 4.4 for the French students); the boys more than the girls (6.5 sexual partners on the whole versus 3.7 for the girls in Congo and 5.7 versus 3.8 in France). Congolese girls generally have fewer sexual relations (over 12 months or during their entire life) than French high-school girls (respectively 5.9, 6.9 versus 8.7 and 9.3). We can see with French and Congolese students, a "traditional" dichotomy between boys and girls: that is to say girls tend to engage later in sexual relations and to favour the long and regular relations, while the boys have more short, and spaced sentimental relations. The relations of these last ones tend to evolve on a more preparatory mode, genital and intermittent, contrary to those girls who seem more sentimental and continuous. The use of the condom concerns 72% of the French pupils for the first sexual intercourse (74% of boys versus 72% of girls) - which is close to results of French reference surveys [1, 3]. On the other hand, they are only 39% to make use of it in Congo in this circumstance (36% of the boys and 34% of the girls). All Congolese young people present more STD (6% versus 4% for the French pupils) and more pregnancy (11% versus 3%). The other risky situations appear also more important in Congo: as the fact of having sexual intercourse after having drunk too much (6% of case where it arrives systematically versus 2% in France); to have sexual intercourse with a injecting drug user (4% versus 1%); paying or to have been paid (in a systematic way 7% versus 1%). The Congolese answers concerning the recourse to prostitution are more dissimilar and alarming concerning Congolese young people, especially if one takes into account all the situations where it occurred at least once (29% of the boys and 13% of the Congolese girls who declare to have had a sexual intercourse by paying (with money). Homosexual relations are more frequent in Congo (4 and 6% versus 2 and 3% for France). Homosexual experience concerned 13% of the Congolese pupils versus less than 5% of the French ones. The answers concerning a sexual partner who is "not sure" (20% in Congo versus 2% in France) can get clearer in the Congolese context with an elevated prevalence rate of infection by HIV. However, other cultural factors should not be neglected. The same applies for the answers relative to the sexual intercourse under duress (29% for Congo versus less than 7% in France). The answers relative to the fact of having a sexual intercourse with a much older partner (21% versus 13%) do not seem surprising for Congo. But it does not free risks. All these elements are not associated with a better estimate of the personal risk. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
 ...
PMID:[Survey on sexual behavior by Congolese and French high-school students in an AIDS context]. 1131 32

The aim of this study was to assess whether the lives of Australian people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have improved to the extent hoped for following the introduction of new antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for HIV. In 1997, 925 Australian PLWHA completed the first national survey of the social impacts of HIV/AIDS. In 1999, 924 Australian PLWHA were recruited for a repeat of the survey. Study participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. The data revealed that although new ARV drugs have improved the clinical profiles of many PLWHA, there have not been corresponding improvements in the physical well-being, levels of employment, or financial circumstances of many PLWHA. Nevertheless, PLWHA express favourable attitudes toward ARV drugs. Australian PLWHA have a complex relationship with their ARV medication that is likely to change over time as their HIV disease progresses and new treatments become available.
Int J STD AIDS 2001 Oct
PMID:More cautious, more optimistic: Australian people living with HIV/AIDS, 1997-1999. 1156 35

An anonymous postal survey was used to assess the views of general practitioners (GPs) on the expected contents of the Department of Health National Sexual Health and HIV Strategy for England prior to release. One hundred and seventeen GPs in four London Primary Care Groups took part (response rate=50%). The majority felt they currently have about the right amount of involvement in patient care (HIV 70%: GUM 66%); 88% of GPs felt they offer general sexual health care (Level one), and most wished to continue with this (85%). However, a sizeable minority of GPs wanted to be involved in the development of care guidelines (HIV 17%; GUM 22%), and 10% considered that they might wish to offer more specialist services (Level two). To achieve a Strategy goal to integrate sexual healthcare services in England, it is likely that there will need to be local consultation and support for GPs.
Int J STD AIDS 2002 Apr
PMID:Sexual health provision and the Sexual Health and HIV Strategy for England: a questionnaire survey of general practitioners' views. 1188 6

We aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and associated risk factors among Montrealers of Haitian origin. We carried out a voluntary, anonymous survey in 7 primary care medical clinics in Montreal among 5039 persons aged 15 to 49 years born in Haiti or with at least one parent born in Haiti. The participation rate was 94.3%. Overall, HIV prevalence was 1.3% (1.6% in men and 1.1% in women). The HIV prevalence was lower among those born in Canada or who had resided in Canada longer. The prevalence among subjects who had travelled to Haiti in the previous 5 years was 2.0%, twice the rate of those who had not. The adjusted population attributable fraction of HIV infections associated with having had unprotected sex in Haiti was 10.2%. This study identified risk factors which will help in the design of more effective prevention programmes among Montrealers of Haitian origin.
Int J STD AIDS 1999 Apr
PMID:Migration and HIV: an epidemiological study of Montrealers of Haitian origin. 1203 76

In order to plan a health education programme in high schools in Southern Latium, a survey on knowledge, attitude and behaviour about Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS was carried out among students of three high schools in Cassino. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was submitted to all students of the last two years in those schools. The results show a good knowledge of Cassino's students about HIV transmission, in similar or higher proportion respect to analogous surveys conducted in Italy or abroad. We found a good knowledge only about AIDS, Herpes genitalis and Syphilis, while knowledge about Hepatitis B, Condyloma acuminatum and Gonorrhoea is not satisfactory. Considering that 38% of male and 17% of female students declared to have already had their first sexual intercourse, the results suggest that there is a strong need to implement an educational intervention on sexuality and STD.
 ...
PMID:[Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding sexually transmitted diseases among students in 3 high schools in Cassino]. 1216 21

This article outlines the measures undertaken by the Government of Kyrgyz Republic to combat the STD epidemic, particularly syphilis, which has plagued the country since 1991. A decree entitled "Emergency Situation Due to the STD Epidemic" was adopted on June 30, 1997. The policies encompassed and encouraged by the decree are enumerated as follows: widespread implementation of the outpatient approach for syphilis treatment, which has already increased the percentage of patients treated as outpatients from 9.2% in 1995 to 49.4% in 1997, the expansion of the anonymous examination and treatment that has been provided in all Dermatology and STD clinics since 1996, Broad use of mass media for popularization of safe sex principles (so far this has included a hot line service for consultation on STD and AIDS issues and the distribution of 50,000 leaflets, brochures and booklets), and increased financing for STD services. The article closes by mentioning the opening of the Center on STD Care for Sex Workers at the Dermatology and STD Clinic. At the Center sex workers will be treated to prevent the spread of STDs and trained on the principles of safe commercial sex.
 ...
PMID:Kyrgyzstan: STD management during the syphilis outbreak. 1222 8

Many young men and women in Malawi are infected with HIV and dying from AIDS. The head of the Malawi AIDS Control Program estimates that as many as 10% of all adults in the country may be infected with HIV, with the rate being higher in urban areas. While more than 90% of the population is now aware of the existence of AIDS and its dangers, changes in behavior have not taken place and HIV continues to spread. Early campaigns attempted to generate condom use through peer educators among bar girls, truck drivers, and STD patients. Many men state, however, that they prefer to have sex without condoms because it is more exciting. Others cite alcohol consumption, ignorance of the dangers of HIV infection, and/or a fear of suggesting mistrust in a partner as reasons for not using condoms. Many women also find it difficult to negotiate condom use among reluctant men. Making condoms readily accessible and giving them a positive image may help increase their rate of use; the opposition of some religious groups must be thwarted and the distribution system needs to be improved to realize these ends. Condoms are provided to Malawi free of charge by the US Agency of International Development. Supplies are then either distributed free through health centers and bars or sold in shops. The failure of free condoms to be readily available in rural areas where 90% of the population resides, however, poses concern. Finally, training programs, counseling, anonymous HIV testing centers, and peer educators are among some of the interventions being made against AIDS in Malawi.
 ...
PMID:AIDS epidemic in Malawi: shaking cultural foundations. 1234 76

An estimated 800,000 Tanzanians had been infected with HIV by the end of 1992. Since working-age people spend 75% of their time at work, the African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF), the Tanzanian Council for Social Development, and the Organization of Tanzanian Trade Unions organize and implement workplace-based HIV/AIDS prevention programs. For example, anonymous HIV screening conducted by AMREF at Tanzania Breweries Limited in September 1993 found 11.4% of the brewery's truck drivers to be HIV-seropositive. The men subsequently participated in an informal AIDS education session conducted by peer educators with help from the brewery's STD/AIDS coordinator. These sessions are a regular part of workplace AIDS prevention programs supported by the US Agency of International Development's Tanzania AIDS Program implemented by the AIDS Control and Prevention Project (AIDSCAP). The author considers motivating managers, peer education, condoms, behavior change, and expansion and sustainability.
 ...
PMID:Workplace prevention programs promote behavior change in Tanzania. 1234 75

The objective was to investigate the financial situation of people living with HIV in Europe. Two surveys using an anonymous questionnaire were organized in Europe among people living with HIV, the first in 1996-97 and the second in 1998-99. One thousand one hundred and sixty-one people from the 1996-97 survey and 899 from the 1998-99 survey were included. Four hundred and fifty-seven (42%) of the 1996-97 participants reported that their income had decreased since HIV diagnosis. The latter participants reported significantly more often difficulties in paying for housing (27% vs 20%), food (18% vs 12%) and transport (17% vs 12%) compared to 1998-99 participants. In multiple regression analysis, severity of HIV disease, not being on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), younger age, lower education level and living in the South of Europe were associated with having financial difficulties. We concluded that since the introduction of HAART, the financial situation of persons living with HIV in Europe has improved, but a relatively large percentage of them still have financial difficulties.
Int J STD AIDS 2002 Oct
PMID:Financial situation of people living with HIV in Europe. 1239 40

We performed a study to estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody-testing behaviour among youth in Hong Kong. It was a population-based cross-sectional study. Questions on HIV testing were asked as part of a youth sexuality study conducted in July to December 1996 among young adults in Hong Kong. A total of 517 (53.6%) males and 447 (46.4%) females aged 17 to 28 years completed an anonymous structured self-administered questionnaire. Respondents had good knowledge about correct modes of HIV transmission and prevention. 9.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.0, 12.3) of males and 6.4% (95% CI: 4.3, 9.1) of females had been tested for HIV through blood donation. Excluding blood donation, 3.7% (95% CI: 2.2, 5.7) of males and 3.6% (95% CI: 2.1, 5.9) of females had been tested (voluntary testing). 47.5% (95% CI: 44.4, 50.7) of subjects reported at least one major risk factor for HIV infection. In multivariate analyses, factors independently associated with both voluntary HIV testing and HIV testing by blood donation were age and having had sex with multiple partners. A higher educational level was a predictor of HIV testing by blood donation. Self-assessment of having sufficient sex education was also significantly associated with voluntary HIV testing. HIV testing is not widespread in Hong Kong and those at risk are more likely to have been tested. It is of concern, however, that many of those reporting risk factors have not been tested.
Int J STD AIDS 2003 Feb
PMID:Voluntary HIV antibody testing amongst youth in Hong Kong. 1266 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>