Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently occluded saphenous vein grafts (SVG) contain abundant thrombus. Distal embolization and myocardial infarction often occur when recanalization of such SVG is attempted. In 80 patients with occluded SVG, we employed transcatheter devices to lyse, compress or extract thrombus. Primary treatment for these SVG was performed in the following manner; PTCA 29, intragraft urokinase 12, TEC atherectomy 39. Following urokinase or atherectomy, adjunctive PTCA was performed to diminish the residual stenosis. All patients had class III or IV angina. Clinically, SVG occlusions were 3 days to 3 months old. TIMI flow was grade 0, and occlusion length was greater than 6 cm for all SVG. Each strategy resulted in a similar procedure success rate. However, when used as a primary treatment, TEC may be associated with lower rates of distal embolization and myocardial infarction.
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PMID:PTCA, thrombolysis or atherectomy: rational treatment of recently occluded saphenous vein grafts. 871 2

Percutaneous revascularization of thrombus containing saphenous vein grafts is associated with a high incidence of acute complications. This case report describes successful revascularization of an occluded vein graft employing angioscopically guided sequential urokinase infusion, TEC atherectomy and stent implantation.
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PMID:Efficacy of angioscopy in determining the effectiveness of intracoronary urokinase and TEC atherectomy thrombus removal from an occluded saphenous vein graft prior to stent implantation. 871 86

The development of an efficient immune response depends on the capacity of antigen-specific lymphocytes to migrate into secondary lymphoid organs. The first step in the process of lymphocyte extravasation involves lymphocyte binding to the vascular endothelium. Although several adhesion receptors have been implicated in the migration of lymphocytes to inflamed tissue, their role in the extravasation of these cells to normal lymphoid organs is not yet clearly established. The involvement of adhesion molecules in lymphocyte entrance to secondary lymphoid organs can be better assessed in an in vitro system using endothelial cells in culture. Here we report on the isolation and culture of a homogeneous population of adherent cells of endothelial origin derived from human tonsils (TEC) and on adhesion studies performed with these cells. Beginning from primary cultures of human tonsils, we isolated a population of cells that we show by FACScan analysis to present the intracellular endothelial cell marker Von Willebrand factor and LVAP-2, a surface molecule present in venules from lymphoid organs. The cells are negative for FDC, IDC and macrophage markers. They express ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD40 both constitutively and in inducible forms and are induced by IFN-gamma to express major histocompatibility complex class II antigens. As opposed to endothelial cells from human umbilical cord (HUVEC), they do not need to be activated by cytokines to bind lymphoid cells via VLA-4. The mAb HP2/1 directed to the integrin VLA-4 blocks adhesion of Ramos and Daudi cells to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-treated HUVEC and to untreated TEC but not of tonsil-derived MNC. On the other hand, an anti-VCAM-1 antibody that blocks adhesion of Ramos and Daudi cells to TNF-alpha-treated HUVEC, does not block adhesion of these cells to TEC, suggesting the presence on the tonsillar endothelial cells of a ligand for VLA-4 different from VCAM-1. We show here that this ligand is not fibronectin.
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PMID:Lymphocyte adhesion to endothelium derived from human lymphoid tissue. 873 20

Visceral candidiasis is nonspecific in the clinical presentation and a microbiological diagnosis is often difficult to make. Currently, several techniques are available for detection of the antigen and antibody and/or fungal product. We report the results of an investigation in immunodiagnosis and blood biochemical diagnosis of visceral candidiasis and suggest the cutoff limits of positive, from these findings and those reported by others. The efficiency and specificity were 36.4% approximately 60% and 94% approximately 100% for the mannan detection kit from Kyokuto Co., Ltd. and 57.1% approximately 100% and 25% approximately 69.6% for the CAND-TEC, and 28.6% and 91.7% for PASTOREX CANDIDA. For kits using a blood biochemical assay; the efficiency and specificity were 10% approximately 56.7% and 91.4% approximately 100% with detection of D-arabinitol (cutoff limits; 20 mumol/ml < or =), and 70% approximately 75% and 91.7% approximately 100% for Fungal Index (cutoff limits; 60pg/ml < or =). We investigated the evaluation of LA test to detect candidal mannan antigen in sera obtained from experimental gastric candidiasis of mice with or without treatment. There was a good correlation between the change of the titer of mannan antigen and the severity of infections, and gastric lesions healed histopathologically 3 weeks after disappearance of mannan antigen in sera obtained from mice treated with an antifungal agent. These findings indicate that the antifungal therapy is necessary for more than 3 weeks after the candidal mannan antigen disappeared from sera.
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PMID:[Immunodiagnosis and blood biochemical diagnosis of visceral candidiasis and the cutoff limits of positive]. 875 26

Absidiosis was produced experimentally in rabbits by intravenous inoculation of 1.4 x 10(5) spores of Absidia corymbifera. Infected rabbits exhibited a rise in body temperature, anorexia, dullness, listlessness, diarrhoea, occasional blindness, convulsions and death in some cases. Mortality occurred mainly between 6 to 9 days post infection (DPI) and overall mortality was 50 per cent during the three week observation period. No significant difference was observed in erythrocytic indices viz., Hb, PCV, TEC in control and infected rabbits. However, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was considerably increased in the infected rabbits. A state of leucocytosis was observed in the infected rabbits, which was due to increase in the relative percentage of neutrophils and decrease in lymphocytes. There was a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen concentrations of infected rabbits from 3 to 14 DPI as compared to controls, but serum creatinine values were not significantly altered at any stage of infection. The cause of death was attributed to kidney failure and uraemia in infected rabbits. The rabbit was found to be a suitable model for the study of absidiosis.
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PMID:Experimental Absidia corymbifera infection in rabbits: clinicopathological studies. 881 36

A case of catheter-related fungemia due to Hansenula anomala is reported. A 61-year-old male was diagnosed as having stage 3 ascending colon carcinoma stenosing the colon severely and was admitted to our hospital to receive an operation of the carcinoma. Just after admission, an intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) catheter was inserted and IVH was started to prevent development of ileus and to prepare for laparotomy. Nine days later, he developed a fever. On the next day, the IVH catheter was removed and cultures of blood and the catheter revealed the presence of yeast-like organisms that were identified as H. anomala. Laboratory data showed hypogranulocytemia, slight disturbances of liver and kidney, a prolongation of PT, an increase of FDP and positive reaction of candida antigen by CAND-TEC. He improved after the removal of the catheter, and treatment with intravenous infusion of fluconazole 2 days after the removal was thought to be useful for recovery and to prevent the reappearance of infection though susceptibility to fluconazole was not good. Human infections due to H. anomala are rare and this is the 8th case of H. anomala fungemia in Japan. From this report and a review of the literature, risk factors for developing this fungemia include the use and abuse of central venous catheters such as IVH-catheter. It appears that H. anomala has recently emerged as a potential pathogen in the immunocompromised hosts and patients after insertion of central venous catheters and that these organisms should be added to the growing list of unusual fungal pathogens in these patients.
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PMID:[Hansenula anomala fungemia in a patient undergoing IVH-treatment with ascending colon carcinoma]. 885 93

Conflicting reports claim that circulating interleukin (IL)-6 promotes or suppresses renal disease. Although autoimmune MRL-lpr mice have an increase in serum IL-6, and kidneys can produce IL-6, the relevance of systemic and local exposure remains undefined. To investigate the impact of IL-6 on kidney disease, we constructed a gene transfer approach to deliver sustained, stable IL-6 into the kidney and circulation. We infused syngeneic genetically modified tubular epithelial cells (IL-6-TEC) under the renal capsule of autoimmune and nonautoimmune mice. IL-6-TEC did not incite renal injury in any strain. Furthermore, serum IL-6 levels, which were increased three- to fivefold by IL-6-TEC, did not alter the contralateral kidney. Therefore, neither local nor systemic exposure to IL-6 promoted renal injury. As opposed to IL-6, we previously established that granulocyte macrophage (GM)-colony-stimulating factor (CSF) initiates renal injury in autoimmune mice. To determine whether IL-6 could suppress GM-CSF-incited damage, we infused GM-CSF-TEC TEC along with IL-6-TEC. Local production of IL-6 into the kidney did not alter the tempo or severity of GM-CSF-induced injury. Thus neither local nor systemic delivery of IL-6 promotes or suppresses kidney disease.
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PMID:A gene transfer system establishes interleukin-6 neither promotes nor suppresses renal injury. 885 22

By reverse phase PCR and Northern blotting, RNA of the 14 kDa galactose-binding protein (galectin-1) could be identified in primary cultures of human tubular epithelial cells. To assess protein synthesis and the possible function of galectin-1 on TEC, the cellular proteins were biosyntheticically labeled with [34S]-methionine and absorbed to immobilized laminin. Multiple radiolabeled proteins were eluted, a strong band in the area of 14 kDa was seen, coinciding with the galectin-1 band as identified by Western blotting. Surface expression of galectin-1 was seen by cytofluorometry with two different polyclonal antibodies to galectin-1. These data are in line with the finding that tubular epithelial cells adhere to laminin, partly in a Ca(2+)-independent manner.
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PMID:Expression of the 14 kDa galactose-binding protein, galectin-1, on human tubular epithelial cells. 887 48

Six test media, m-TEC, m-TEC with 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide (MUG), lauryl tryptose agar (LTA) with MUG, LTA with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-glucuronide (X-Glue), EC medium with MUG, and lauryl tryptose broth with MUG, were evaluated for their usefulness in enumerating Escherichia coli in nonpotable waters on a routine basis. The media were chosen for their case of interpretation of target colonies, ability to allow enumeration at low and high concentrations, and ability to inhibit nontarget microorganisms. The recoveries on the test media were compared with those on three reference media, R2A, m-FC, and m-Endo, by analysis of spiked samples of filter-sterilized waters. The test media were then further tested for their ability to differentiate nontarget but closely related microorganisms. Statistical analysis indicated that the best recoveries were obtained with lauryl tryptose agar with added MUG and X-Gluc. The media were then tested with surface waters that could be expected to have high levels of total and fecal coliforms along with Escherichia coli.
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PMID:Evaluation of test media for routine monitoring of Escherichia coli in nonpotable waters. 889 94

Oxytocin (OT) has been shown to be the dominant peptide of the neurohypophysial family expressed by thymic epithelial and nurse cells (TEC/TNC) in various species. Thymic OT is not secreted but, after translocation of a hybrid neurophysin/MHC class I protein, is integrated within the plasma membrane of TEC, thus allowing its presentation to pre-T cells. In order to further demonstrate that thymic OT behaves like a membrane antigen, we assessed the effect of mAbs to OT on cytokine productions by cultures enriched in human TEC. 75-85% pure TEC cultures were prepared from human thymic fragments. Using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, ir-OT, ir-interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), ir-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ir-leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) could be detected in these TEC cultures. ir-OT was restricted to TEC, while some ir-IL-6 and ir-LIF were also seen in occasional fibroblasts. In basal conditions, ir-IL-6 and ir-LIF (but not ir-OT and ir-IL-1 beta) were detected in the supernatants of human TEC cultures. MAbs to OT induced a marked increase of ir-IL-6 and ir-LIF secretion in TEC cultures. No significant effect was observed using mAbs against vasopressin, mouse immunoglobulins, or control ascitic fluid controls. These data show that OT is fully processed and recognized by specific mAbs at the outer surface of TEC plasma membrane. They further support that thymic OT behaves as the self-antigen of the neurohypophysial family.
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PMID:Cytokine production by human thymic epithelial cells: control by the immune recognition of the neurohypophysial self-antigen. 895 4


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