Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 9 monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 27 multiple myelomas (MM) were studied with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) that recognize B and T lymphocytes and plasma cells. No difference in the percentage of B lymphocytes, identified by B1 and B4 MoAb, was observed in MGUS and MM patients versus normal controls. However, high percentages of circulating lymphocytes expressing plasma cell-associated antigens were detected in MM (HAN-PC1+ = 29.4 +/- 20.4%; TEC-T10+ = 27.8 +/- 19.2%) whereas they were in the normal range in MGUS (HAN-PC1+ = 8.8 +/- 5.8% p = 0.006; TEC-T10+ = 5.7 +/- 4.7% p less than 0.001). Almost identical results were obtained using PCA-1 MoAb in 17 of these patients. TEC-T10+ and PCA-1+ lymphocytes were sorted and re-analyzed with phycoerythrin conjugated MoAb in 3 healthy subjects, 2 MGUS, and 4 MM patients. In normal subjects and in MGUS the majority of PCA-1+ cells belonged to the B lineage (Leu 2-, Leu3-, Leu 15-, HLA-Dr+), whereas the majority of TEC-T10+ cells are represented by activated T cells and NK cells (Leu 15+). In MM an abnormal expansion of T lymphocytes was chiefly responsible for the high values of lymphocytes expressing plasma cell-associated antigens. Moreover, in MM a clinical evaluation showed a correlation between the presence of these lymphocytes and an aggressive disease. Indeed, they can be considered a useful prognostic marker.
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PMID:Human myeloma: several subsets of circulating lymphocytes express plasma cell-associated antigens. 336 19

Immunologists working in the field of autoimmunity tend to concentrate all their efforts on the elucidation of possible malfunctions of the immune system, particularly pathologic changes of immune regulation. Also in the OS model various groups of investigators emphasized this approach, although it was already clear early in the history of this model that SAT has a multigenic background. The fact that this disease cannot be transferred into normal, histocompatible animals without an appropriate non-MHC linked genetic background was a strong indication that detailed studies of thyroid-associated factors may be warranted for the elucidation of the pathogenesis of this disease and perhaps also its human counterpart, Hashimoto thyroiditis. Since several reviews on the immunologic aspects in the OS model have been published in recent years we have in this communication attempted to discuss the - mostly still rudimentary - findings concerning the target organ itself, including morphological changes before the beginning of infiltration, the analysis of Tg, the altered thyroid function before onset of SAT, the results of cross-breeding studies of OS and inbred normal chickens in respect to the susceptibility of the offspring for the transfer of SAT, the possible role of a virus infection and the aberrant expression of MHC class II antigens on TEC. Cross-breeding studies revealed that most probably a single gene is responsible for the primary altered thyroid function and at least 3 genes code for the susceptibility of the OS thyroid gland to the autoimmune attack. It is not yet clear for which of the above-mentioned observations each of these genes is responsible and what is/are the initial triggering mechanism(s). Ongoing studies in our laboratory concentrate on this question, specifically the potential role of endogenous viruses in this process.
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PMID:The role of genetically-determined primary alterations of the target organ in the development of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in obese strain (OS) chickens. 346 60

Eighty-three serum specimens from 24 patients infected with Candida albicans were examined for circulating Candida protein antigens with the Candida Detection System (CAND-TEC; Ramco Laboratories, Inc., Houston, Tex.). The medical records of each patient were reviewed for clinical evidence of Candida colonization or disease, predisposing factors for infection, underlying illness, the presence of a contaminated indwelling venous catheter, intravenous amphotericin B therapy, and outcome. Forty-nine serum specimens with antigen titers of 1:2 or less were obtained either from colonized patients or at a time when disseminated disease was not yet clinically suspected. Except for five specimens from two colonized patients, one with a contaminated arterial line, the other specimens with titers of 1:8 or greater (n = 14) were obtained from patients who had been clinically diagnosed and treated for disseminated candidiasis. Serum specimens with titers of 1:4 were often from patients with deep-seated candidal infection but were not uniformly diagnostic; in this situation additional specimens should be tested for Candida antigen titers. Only 1 of 24 serum specimens from patients with no evidence of C. albicans infection had a Candida protein antigen titer of 1:8. With a 1:8 or greater titer as a criterion for dissemination, the sensitivity of the CAND-TEC system was 71%, with a specificity of 98%. If the 1:8 titer for the colonized patient with a contaminated arterial line is not considered a false-positive result, the CAND-TEC sensitivity was 83%. The latex agglutination assay appears to be a useful, rapid, and noninvasive means of laboratory diagnosis of systemic candidiasis. The recovery of C. albicans from at least three body sites may also be a useful predictor of disseminated disease.
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PMID:Candida detection system (CAND-TEC) to differentiate between Candida albicans colonization and disease. 353 75

Thymic epithelial cells express class II MHC antigens (Ia) in the normal thymus. In a variety of special circumstances, generally associated with decreased or absent thymocyte populations, TEC fail to express Ia antigens. Although such observations might be interpreted based on the hypothesis that TEC Ia antigens have an effect on the differentiation of thymocytes, it is also possible that instead, the thymocytes have an effect on TEC Ia antigen expression.
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PMID:Is Ia antigen expression by thymic epithelial cells constitutive? 386 76

The blood values of two fresh water fishes, Clarias batrachus and Channa punctatus show changes when inhabited by Trypanosoma. Changes in TEC, TLC, DLC and Hb values are incorporated showing marked variations in the normal and infected hosts which is correlated with the parasitemia.
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PMID:Haematological changes due to Trypanosoma batrachi and T. aligaricus infection in two fresh water teleosts. 409 Dec 89

Gram-nagative organisms were tested with commercially available reagentimpregnated strips (PATHO-TEC). Of the 291 strains, all were tested by using seven paper tests and their conventional counterparts. Excellent correlation was obtained with the oxidase, phenylalanine-deaminase, and Voges-Proskauer tests. Indole tests made on liquid medium cultures also gave complete correlation, but some false-negative results with indole-positive Proteus strains were obtained when growth from solid medium was tested by the strip method. Paper strip urease tests were positive within 2 hr with all Klebsiella and some Serratia, Herellea, and Citrobacter strains as well as with Proteus strains. Approximately 15% of citrate strip test results differed from those of the conventional tests, and reproducibility was poor on retest. The lysine decarboxylase strip test showed a number of discrepancies and posed problems of interpretation and readability. Paper reagent strip methods are simple and convenient and merit further development to increase the specificity of those which depend on pH change up to that achieved with the Voges-Proskauer, oxidase, phenylalanine, and indole methods.
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PMID:Comparative study of the efficacy of seven paper-reagent strips and conventional biochemical tests in identifying gram-negative organisms. 490 7

A 10-minute test, utilizing a urease paper-reagent strip (PATHO-TEC), for differentiating Klebsiella and Enterobacter species is described. By using a heavy suspension of organisms and 50 C temperature for incubation, 93% of Klebsiella strains (186/200) were positive and 95% of Enterobacter strains (190/200) were negative with this testing system. The rapid nature of the test (10 min), the facility with which it can be carried out, and the ease with which the strips can be stored and handled may make this a useful aid for the clinical microbiologist.
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PMID:Ten-minute test for differentiating between Klebsiella and Enterobacter isolates. 490 52

Absorption of 14C-labelled poliovirus-2 to sedimentable solids of primary sludge samples collected from a secondary treatment facility during a 6-month period averaged 94%; for anaerobically digested sludge, 99%. The extent of virus adsorption was influenced by the amount of solids. Maximal adsorption occurred at or above 0.5% solids with sludge diluted with deionized water and above 1.5% solids when diluted with the respective particle-free sludge supernatants. A Tris-HCl buffer containing NaCl, glycerol, and serum was found to efficiently elute poliovirus-2 from primary sludge solids. By means of re-extraction and concentration by centrifugation (the TEC procedure), the average recoveries of poliovirus-2 were 92-94% based upon either infectivity or radioactivity analyses. Similarly, recoveries were 90-92% for poliovirus-2 in digested sludge. Maximum elution was dependent upon all four TEC buffer components and the restriction of solids to less than or equal to 1.0%. The procedure was found to be more efficient than glycine-NaOH and Freon procedures or elution with beef embryo extract. As adapted for effluents the procedure increased the yield and improved the consistency of virus recovery. The arithmetic mean titers and obtained during a monitoring study for primary and digested sludge were 4.2 X 10(5) and 5.1 X 10(3) plaque-forming units (pfu)/L; for primary, secondary, and final effluents 2.3 X 10(5), 4.7 X 10(3), and 4.7 X 10(2) pfu/L, respectively.
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PMID:A multiple extraction--centrifugation method for the recovery of viruses from waste water treatment plant effluents and sludges. 632 80

Cryostat sections of adult and fetal tissues of the rat and human were investigated by a double immunoperoxidase technique for the presence of three developmentally-regulated mouse antigens, TEC-1,2,3. In the adult rats the TEC-1 antigen was detected on the epithelium of the isthmic portion of the oviduct, in some kidney tubuli, and in the brain; the TEC-2 antigen was distributed on the epithelium of various tissues, but it was also present on cells that may correspond to phagocytizing macrophages; the TEC-3 antigen was detected on endothelia of some vessels or capillaries. In rat fetuses only the TEC-1 antigen was detected; it was found on digestive tract epithelium and some kidney tubuli. In adult human tissues the distribution of TEC-1 antigen resembled that known for SSEA-1; the TEC-2 antigen was detected in some kidney tubules. In human midpregnancy fetuses the TEC-1 antigen was found in the same tissues as in adults; TEC-2 was detected in the thyroid gland. There was no staining of adult or fetal human tissues with TEC-03 antibody. The data show different patterns of expression of TEC-1,2,3 antigens among the species studied.
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PMID:Localization of mouse TEC-1,2,3 antigens in adult and fetal tissues in the rat and human. 639 7

Over a four-week period, nine isolates of Streptomyces species were identified from seven blood cultures, one infected gortex graft, and one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimen. None of the patients were clinically infected or received antimicrobial therapy. Blood culture collecting tubes, iodoform prep solutions, BAC-TEC filters, and alcohol prep pads were cultured but did not reveal a source of contamination. Six additional clinical specimens became positive, and the occurrence of construction in the laboratory was considered as a source of the contaminating organism. Blood agar plates were placed for 20 minutes in an area undergoing construction. Streptomyces grew in heavy concentrations on nine of ten plates in the construction site, but only one colony on ten plates grew from a hallway not undergoing construction. Isolation of the organism ceased with cessation of the construction. The authors conclude that the Streptomyces pseudo-outbreak was related to construction around the laboratory, with probable airborne contamination of clinical specimens.
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PMID:A pseudo-outbreak of Streptomyces infections linked to laboratory construction. 647 43


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