Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
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The prevalence of urogenital infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis was examined in 100 non-pregnant women with cervicitis, and 100 healthy women, in San Salvador City, El Salvador. Pharmacia Chlamydia EIA test was used for the detection of chlamydial antigen in urethral and cervical specimens from all the women. Direct immunofluorescence was used for confirmative tests on the EIA positive and the negative gray zone samples. C. trachomatis antigen was detected in 28% of the women with cervicitis compared with 5% in the group of healthy women (P < 0.001). The cervicitis group were also screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae which was isolated from 12% of them. One strain out of 12 was beta-lactamase producing (PPNG). Five per cent of the women with cervicitis had simultaneous C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in El Salvador. II. Gynaecology outpatients. 128 20

The auxotype (A) and serovar (S) distribution and antibiotic and serum sensitivity of 22 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from blood and joints were determined. With one exception, these strains from disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI) belonged to one of 4 serovars of the IA serogroup and were resistant to killing by normal human serum. The auxotype distribution of these Australian strains differed significantly from that reported elsewhere in that 17 of the 22 isolates were proline requires, but none were of the AHU auxotype. This lack of the AHU auxotype in the DGI strains in Australia was explained by the virtual absence of AHU requirers in a sample of 1560 mucosal strains isolated in Sydney and Darwin from 1987 to 1990. The A/S distribution of these mucosal isolates also helped to account for the low (0.12) percentage of DGI strains in isolates examined by the Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme (AGSP) from 1981 to 1991, and the differences in the rates of DGI in Sydney (0.08%) and Darwin (0.87%). There was a relative lack of the IA serogroup strains which are mostly responsible for DGI in the mucosal isolates from Sydney (15% of all strains) but a higher proportion of these serovars (40%) in the Darwin sample. There were 46 cases of DGI in data from the AGSP, 29 of these being women. Seven of the cases diagnosed in Australia were infected with penicillinase-producing gonococci suggesting that antibiotics other than the penicillins should now be used for this condition in this region.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Strain characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae causing disseminated gonococcal infection in Australia. Members of the Australian Gonococcal Surveillance Programme. 150 59

A single dose of ciprofloxacin, 250 mg by mouth, was used in an open study to treat pharyngeal or rectal gonorrhoea or both in 64 patients (32 men and 32 women). The study also included 151 men with urethral gonorrhoea and 53 women with cervical or urethral gonorrhoea. Ciprofloxacin cured 63 (98%) patients with pharyngeal or rectal gonorrhoea (including 5 patients with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae; PPNG), 147 (97%) men with urethral gonorrhoea (including 8 with PPNG) and 52 (98%) women with cervical or urethral gonorrhoea. All the isolates of N. gonorrhoeae were sensitive to 0.03 mg/l of ciprofloxacin. Five of the 6 patients with treatment failure were subsequently cured by a single oral dose of ciprofloxacin 250 mg. None of the patients reported an adverse reaction. Ciprofloxacin 250 mg as a single oral dose is effective and safe in treating patients with pharyngeal or rectal gonorrhoea, including those with PPNG strains.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Single-dose therapy of anogenital and pharyngeal gonorrhoea with ciprofloxacin. 139 Oct 71

In this randomized dose range study conducted in Bangkok, 326 patients with presumed acute uncomplicated gonorrhoea were treated with a single intramuscular dose of either 0.25 g, 0.5 g, or 1.0 g of a new aminothiazole cephalosporin, cefodizime. One hundred and eighty men and 110 women were evaluable for efficacy. Pathogens were eliminated in all but 4 of these patients resulting in a cure rate of 99%, irrespective of dose, sex, or multiplicity of infected sites. A high percentage of the 290 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from the evaluable patients showed resistance to penicillin, and 40% were penicillinase producing (PPNG). The minimum inhibitory concentration of cefodizime for 90% of the PPNG strains was less than 0.04 mg/l. No clinically relevant adverse drug reactions were reported. This study demonstrates that a single 0.25 g dose of cefodizime is effective against both PPNG and non-PPNG strains in a geographic region characterized by high endemic antibiotic resistance.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Treatment of acute gonococcal infections in Bangkok with a dose range of the new cephalosporin, cefodizime. 157 81

The prevalence of gonorrhea and urogenital chlamydia infection was investigated among female prostitutes in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Epidemiological data were recorded according to a standardized questionnaire. The median age of the prostitutes was 27 years old and median period of prostitution was 2-4 years. Most of the women (91%) has no other occupation besides prostitution and 57% of them had not even completed primary school. Among 233 cases when both gonococcal culture and chlamydial antigen detection with a commercial EIA kit were performed, the prevalence of gonorrhea was 25% (59) and that of chlamydial infection 31% (72). Both diseases were recorded in 9%. The women who had been prostitutes for 2 or more years had gonorrhea (p0.01) or chlamydial infection (p0.05) less frequently than those who had practiced prostitution for a shorter time period. Among 70 different gonococcal isolates from 241 prostitutes, 40 (57%) belonged to serogroup W II/III. Most (83%) of the W I isolates were beta-lactamase producing (PPNG) as were 42% of the W II/III isolates. All non-PPNG isolates except 1 had decreased susceptibility to benzylpenicillin (MIC or= o.125 mg/1) and all isolates were susceptible to spectinomycin. 4 of 5 isolates from the throat were PPNG and the 5th had a benzylpenicillin MIC of 0.5-2.0 mg/l.
Int J STD AIDS
PMID:Gonorrhoea and urogenital chlamydial infection in female prostitutes in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 190

The relative frequency of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from Munich STD patients nowadays clearly exceeds five percent. Penicillin resistance is either due to the 3.2 or 4.4 Megadalton plasmid. Similar trends are reported from other European countries. Therefore, treatment with third generation cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone, cefotaxime or others is now generally advisable not only in the Far East and Central Africa but also in Central Europe.
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PMID:Increase of the relative frequency of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains to more than five per cent in Munich. 210 79

A total of 311 patients presenting with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were entered into a comparative randomized open-label study and given single-dose treatment with either oral cefuroxime axetil (CAE) or intramuscular procaine penicillin (PP). Neisseria gonorrhoeae was eliminated from 129 (98%) of 131 evaluable patients treated with CAE and 127 (98%) of 129 evaluable patients treated with PP. None of the 4 treatment failures (3 male and 1 female) were caused by beta-lactamase-producing isolates. Both treatments were well tolerated with minor adverse events reported in 3 (2%) of CAE treated patients. We conclude that CAE is an effective, well tolerated treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhoea which has the convenience and acceptability of single-dose oral therapy.
Int J STD AIDS 1990 Jul
PMID:Comparative study of cefuroxime axetil and procaine penicillin in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea. 212 72

Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture gave a positive result in 42 of 64 male adults with purulent urethral discharge. The majority of the infections were acquired outside Libya. Twenty-seven strains (64.3%) were non-penicillinase producing (NPPNG) and 15 (35.7%) were penicillinase producing (PPNG) by starch paper technique. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains to 5 antibiotics was carried out by agar-plate dilution technique. Twenty-three NPPNG strains (54.8%) were susceptible to penicillin with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml. In 4 strains (9.5%), a high resistance to penicillin (MIC greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml) appeared to be chromosomally-mediated (CMRNG). All PPNG strains were resistant to penicillin (MIC greater than or equal to 1 microgram/ml). While resistance to erythromycin (MIC greater than or equal to 1 microgram/ml) and tetracycline (MIC greater than or equal to 1 microgram/ml) was observed in 5 strains, resistance to kanamycin (MIC 32 micrograms/ml) and spectinomycin (MIC 64 micrograms/ml) was present in only one strain. Whereas no significant differences were recorded in MICs of erythromycin, tetracycline, kanamycin and spectinomycin between NPPNG and PPNG strains, one PPNG strain was found to be resistant in vitro to all 5 antibiotics.
Int J STD AIDS 1990 Sep
PMID:Antimicrobial susceptibility of non-penicillinase and penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in Tripoli, Libya. 215 9

Sera (187) from women patients attending the STD, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Family Planning Clinics were screened for the presence of the IgG class of immunoglobulins against M. hominis, using the ELISA technique. Sonicates of locally isolated M. hominis serotype (CS1) and standard PG 21 strain were used as antigens. The test was standardized using penicillinase as an enzyme. The ELISA showed 90.48 per cent sensitivity and 84.8 per cent specificity, and was also rapid (as compared to culture) and reproducible.
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PMID:Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulins G to Mycoplasma hominis. 222 57

From January through March of 1985, the Sapporo Clinical Research Group for STD treated 69 cases of gonococcal infections (61 cases of male gonococcal urethritis and 8 cases of female gonococcal cervicitis) at its facilities in Sapporo City. The therapeutic efficacy of one shot therapy of Spectinomycin (SPCM) was investigated, and an epidemiological study on the cases and bacteriological studies on the isolated strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were made. The male patients were between 19 and 55 years old, with a peak age distribution in the younger half of the twenties. The female patients were between 18 and 40 years old. The major source of infections was a so-called special massage parlor which accounted for 36.1% of male cases. The isolation rate of PPNG were 16.7% (11/66). The MIC (inoculum size; 10(6) CFU/ml) of SPCM ranged from 3.13 to 25 micrograms/ml regardless of beta-lactamase production. In male patients, the eradication rate (efficacy rate) of N. gonorrhoeae by SPCM was 94.7% on the first day, 93.6% on the third day and 100% on the seventh day after 2 g one shot therapy. In female patients, the rate was 100% on the third and seventh day after 2 g one shot therapy, and 75% on the first day, 66.7% on third day and 100% on seventh day after 4 g one shot therapy. We considered that one shot therapy of SPCM was effective for gonococcal infection also in the present time. Especially SPCM was effective for infections by PPNG, since it was not resolved by beta-lactamase of N. gonorrhoeae. Positive rate of Chlamydia trachomatis was 16.3% in male gonococcal urethritis, and the serous discharge tended to remain longer in the positive patients than in the negative patients. There was only one side effect (1.4%), therefore SPCM was recognized to be a safely administrated antimicrobial agent.
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PMID:[Epidemiological and therapeutic studies on gonococcal infections--one shot therapy by spectinomycin--[Sapporo Clinical Research Group for STD]]. 295 80


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