Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (
focal adhesion kinase
)
44,029
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
G. pentaphyllum
(
Gynostemma pentaphyllum
), a creeping herbaceous perennial with many important medicinal properties, is widely distributed in Asia. Gypenosides (triterpenoid saponins), the main effective components of
G. pentaphyllum
, are well studied.
FPS
(farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase), SS (squalene synthase), and SE (
squalene epoxidase
) are the main enzymes involved in the synthesis of triterpenoid saponins. Considering the important medicinal functions of
G. pentaphyllum
, it is necessary to investigate the transcriptomic information of
G. pentaphyllum
to facilitate future studies of transcriptional regulation. After sequencing
G. pentaphyllum
, we obtained 50,654,708 unigenes. Next, we used RPKM (reads per kilobases per million reads) to calculate expression of the unigenes and we performed comparison of our data to that contained in five common databases to annotate different aspects of the unigenes. Finally, we noticed that
FPS
, SS, and SE showed differential expression of enzymes in DESeq. Leaves showed the highest expression of
FPS
, SS, and SE relative to the other two tissues. Our research provides transcriptomic information of
G. pentaphyllum
in its natural environment and we found consistency in unigene expression, enzymes expression (
FPS
, SS, and SE), and the distribution of gypenosides content in
G. pentaphyllum
. Our results will enable future related studies of
G. pentaphyllum
.
...
PMID:Transcriptome Sequencing of
Gynostemma pentaphyllum
to Identify Genes and Enzymes Involved in Triterpenoid Biosynthesis. 2809 24
Panax notoginseng
is one of the most widely used traditional herbs for the treatment of various diseases, in which saponins were the main active components. At present, the research of
P. notoginseng
mainly focused on the discovery of new compounds and pharmacology. However, there were few studies on the molecular mechanism of the synthesis of secondary metabolites of
P. notoginseng
. In our study, four coding sequences (CDS) encoding the key enzymes involved in saponin biosynthesis were cloned, namely farnesyl diphosphate synthase (
FPS
), squalene synthase (
SS
),
squalene epoxidase
(
SE
), and dammarenediol-II synthase (
DS
), which contained open reading frame (ORF) of 1029 bp, 1248 bp, 1614 bp, and 2310 bp, and coded 342, 415, 537, and 769 amino acids, respectively. At the same time, their domains, secondary structures, three-dimensional structures, and phylogenetics trees were analyzed by kinds of bioinformatics tools. Their phylogenetics relationships were also analyzed. In addition, GFP (Green fluorescent protein) fusion genes were constructed by the plasmid transformation system to determine the subcellular localization. The results of subcellular localization showed that
FPS
, SE, and DS were mainly located in cytomembrane and its surrounding, while SS was located both in cytoplasm and cytomembrane. Our findings provided data demonstrating the expression patterns of genes involved in saponin biosynthesis and would facilitate efforts to further elucidate the biosynthesis of the bioactive components in
P. notoginseng
.
...
PMID:Structure and Location Studies on Key Enzymes in Saponins Biosynthesis of
Panax notoginseng
. 3181 63
