Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:2.7.10.2 (focal adhesion kinase)
 44,029 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Airway inflammation associated with asthma is characterized by massive infiltration of eosinophils, mediated in part by specific chemoattractant factors produced in the lung. Allergen-specific Th2 cells appear to play a central role in asthma; for example, adoptively transferred Th2 cells induced lung eosinophilia associated with induction of specific chemokines. Interestingly, Th2 supernatant alone administered intranasally to naive mice induced eotaxin, RANTES, monocyte-chemotactic protein-1, and KC expression along with lung eosinophilia. We tested the major cytokines individually and found that IL-4 and IL-5 induced higher levels of macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha and KC; IL-4 also increased the production of monocyte-chemotactic protein-1; IL-13 and IL-4 induced eotaxin. IL-13 was by far the most potent inducer of eotaxin; indeed, a neutralizing anti-IL-13 Ab removed most of the eotaxin-inducing activity from Th2 supernatants, although it did not entirely block the recruitment of eosinophils. While TNF-alpha did not stimulate eotaxin production by itself, it markedly augmented eotaxin induction by IL-13. IL-13 was able to induce eotaxin in the lung of JAK3-deficient mice, suggesting that JAK3 is not required for IL-13 signaling in airway epithelial cells; however, eosinophilia was not induced in this situation, suggesting that JAK3 transduces other IL-13-mediated mechanisms critical for eosinophil recruitment. Our study suggests that IL-13 is an important mediator in the pathogenesis of asthma and therefore a potential target for asthma therapy.
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PMID:Effects of Th2 cytokines on chemokine expression in the lung: IL-13 potently induces eotaxin expression by airway epithelial cells. 1007 86

Egg is one of the 5 major allergenic foods that are responsible for more than 3/4 of food allergies in children. Food-allergic responses can be controlled by avoidance of the offending foods. The applicability of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for the detection of egg in food products such as cookies, crackers, pretzels, salad dressings, and raw and cooked noodles was evaluated. A preliminary evaluation of an antibody-based biosensor was also performed. A National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) whole dried egg powder reference material, SRM 8415, was used as a standard. A homogeneous and stable aqueous egg suspension was prepared for the evaluation of the performance of the Veratox for Egg Allergen Test (Neogen Corp., Lansing, MI). This test does not detect egg yolk proteins. Each gram of the aqueous dried egg suspension contained 643 microg whole dried egg, 0.5 mg thimerosal, and 2.5 mg bovine serum albumin. When cookies, crackers, salad dressings, noodles, and ice cream were spiked at a level of 24 mg/kg SRM 8415, recoveries for whole egg averaged about 28%. All foods containing egg as indicated on the ingredient label were found positive by the Veratox test. No false positives occurred in samples that did not contain eggs. Similar results were obtained using the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) array biosensor, an evanescent wave fluoroimmunosensor. Results for cooked noodles showed that they contained <1% of the egg found in uncooked noodles. A comparison of extracts from cooked and uncooked noodles by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed differences in protein profiles. The boiling of the noodles could have reduced the immunoreactivity of the egg proteins to the antibodies used in the kit or rendered the egg proteins nonextractable.
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PMID:Determination of egg proteins in snack food and noodles. 1567 63